Changes in the Lysosomal System of Cervical Cancer Cells Induced by Emodin Action

Trybus, Wojciech; Król, Teodora; Trybus, Ewa; Kopacz-Bednarska, Anna; Król, Grzegorz; Karpowicz, Ewa

doi:10.21873/anticanres.12057

Cited by 9 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 38 publications

(47 reference statements)

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“…In 2017, Trybus et al . found that emodin could cause significant changes in the lysosomal compartment of HeLa cells, which manifested as an increase in the number of lysosomes and an increase in autophagic vacuoles, leading to lysosomal membrane damage 198 . Furthermore, a recent study reported that emodin is a photosensitizer in combination with photodynamic therapy that significantly increased cytotoxicity to SiHa, CaSki, and HaCaT cells, which was associated with increased ROS production, caspase-3 activity, and autophagy 199 .…”

Section: Anticancer Effects Of Emodinmentioning

confidence: 99%

The versatile emodin: A natural easily acquired anthraquinone possesses promising anticancer properties against a variety of cancers

et al. 2022

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Cancers are generally recognized as the leading cause of death and a predominant barrier to prolonging life expectancy in both developed and developing countries. Emodin is a typical anthraquinone derivative from various plants that exhibits a wide spectrum of biological activities, such as anticancer, antibacterial, hepatoprotective and anti-inflammatory activities. Much previous preclinical evidence has demonstrated that emodin exhibits reliable effects on several cancer types, including lung cancer, liver cancer, colon cancer, breast cancer, pancreatic cancer, leukemia, cervical cancer, and ovarian cancer, etc . The related molecular mechanisms corresponding to the anticancer activities of emodin are involved in the induction of apoptosis, inhibition of cell proliferation, enhanced reactive oxygen species (ROS) accumulation, and induction of autophagy, etc . In the present review, we summarized the sources, anticancer properties in vitro and in vivo , molecular mechanisms, metabolic transformation and toxicities of emodin. In addition, we also discussed the limitations of the present investigations of emodin against cancers and gave some perspectives for them, which would be beneficial for the further exploration and development of this natural compound as a clinical cancer drug.

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Section: Anticancer Effects Of Emodinmentioning

confidence: 99%

The versatile emodin: A natural easily acquired anthraquinone possesses promising anticancer properties against a variety of cancers

et al. 2022

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“…Emodin applied to HeLa cells in the concentration range of 1–100 μM changed the lysosomal compartment, increased autophagic vacuoles, and lysosomal hydrolase activity significantly. Increasing lysosomal membrane damage at increasing concentrations exhibited cytotoxic activity against lysosomes [ 151 ]. In their later study, Trybus et al again discussed the apoptotic mechanism of emodin in HeLa cells in the concentration range of 1–100 μM.…”

Section: Anticancer Activity Of Emodinmentioning

confidence: 99%

Is Emodin with Anticancer Effects Completely Innocent? Two Sides of the Coin

Akkol

Tatlı

Karatoprak

et al. 2021

Cancers

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Many anticancer active compounds are known to have the capacity to destroy pathologically proliferating cancer cells in the body, as well as to destroy rapidly proliferating normal cells. Despite remarkable advances in cancer research over the past few decades, the inclusion of natural compounds in researches as potential drug candidates is becoming increasingly important. However, the perception that the natural is reliable is an issue that needs to be clarified. Among the various chemical classes of natural products, anthraquinones have many biological activities and have also been proven to exhibit a unique anticancer activity. Emodin, an anthraquinone derivative, is a natural compound found in the roots and rhizomes of many plants. The anticancer property of emodin, a broad-spectrum inhibitory agent of cancer cells, has been detailed in many biological pathways. In cancer cells, these molecular mechanisms consist of suppressing cell growth and proliferation through the attenuation of oncogenic growth signaling, such as protein kinase B (AKT), mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK), HER-2 tyrosine kinase, Wnt/-catenin, and phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K). However, it is known that emodin, which shows toxicity to cancer cells, may cause kidney toxicity, hepatotoxicity, and reproductive toxicity especially at high doses and long-term use. At the same time, studies of emodin, which has poor oral bioavailability, to transform this disadvantage into an advantage with nano-carrier systems reveal that natural compounds are not always directly usable compounds. Consequently, this review aimed to shed light on the anti-proliferative and anti-carcinogenic properties of emodin, as well as its potential toxicities and the advantages of drug delivery systems on bioavailability.

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“…A recent study revealed that emodin at 20 or 40 μM induced apoptosis in human colon cancer cell lines (HCT116 and LOVO) through a ROS accumulation-mediated autophagy activation [ 99 ]. Emodin (1–100 μM) also facilitated lysosomal-dependent autophagosome degradation via increasing the number of lysosomes and autophagic vacuoles as well as enhancing the activity of lysosomal hydrolases in cervical cancer cells (HeLa), and thus induced cell death [ 100 ]. Furthermore, necroptosis is another general mechanism of cell death independent from apoptosis.…”

Section: Pharmacological Effects Of Emodinmentioning

confidence: 99%

Advances in the study of emodin: an update on pharmacological properties and mechanistic basis

Zheng

et al. 2021

Chin Med

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Rhei Radix et Rhizoma, also known as rhubarb or Da Huang, has been widely used as a spice and as traditional herbal medicine for centuries, and is currently marketed in China as the principal herbs in various prescriptions, such as Da-Huang-Zhe-Chong pills and Da-Huang-Qing-Wei pills. Emodin, a major bioactive anthraquinone derivative extracted from rhubarb, represents multiple health benefits in the treatment of a host of diseases, such as immune-inflammatory abnormality, tumor progression, bacterial or viral infections, and metabolic syndrome. Emerging evidence has made great strides in clarifying the multi-targeting therapeutic mechanisms underlying the efficacious therapeutic potential of emodin, including anti-inflammatory, immunomodulatory, anti-fibrosis, anti-tumor, anti-viral, anti-bacterial, and anti-diabetic properties. This comprehensive review aims to provide an updated summary of recent developments on these pharmacological efficacies and molecular mechanisms of emodin, with a focus on the underlying molecular targets and signaling networks. We also reviewed recent attempts to improve the pharmacokinetic properties and biological activities of emodin by structural modification and novel material-based targeted delivery. In conclusion, emodin still has great potential to become promising therapeutic options to immune and inflammation abnormality, organ fibrosis, common malignancy, pathogenic bacteria or virus infections, and endocrine disease or disorder. Scientifically addressing concerns regarding the poor bioavailability and vague molecular targets would significantly contribute to the widespread acceptance of rhubarb not only as a dietary supplement in food flavorings and colorings but also as a health-promoting TCM in the coming years.

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Changes in the Lysosomal System of Cervical Cancer Cells Induced by Emodin Action

Abstract: Emodin induces degradation processes and promotes the death of tumor cells through a mechanism that occurs with clear involvement of the lysosomal compartment.

Cited by 9 publications

References 38 publications

The versatile emodin: A natural easily acquired anthraquinone possesses promising anticancer properties against a variety of cancers

The versatile emodin: A natural easily acquired anthraquinone possesses promising anticancer properties against a variety of cancers

Is Emodin with Anticancer Effects Completely Innocent? Two Sides of the Coin

Advances in the study of emodin: an update on pharmacological properties and mechanistic basis

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