Changes in the Labor Supply Behavior of Married Women: 1980–2000

Blau, Francine D.; Kahn, Lawrence M.

doi:10.1086/513416

Cited by 598 publications

(483 citation statements)

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“…The trend is similar in both regions, with a strong negative correlation between the period of observation and the elasticity level. 6 These …ndings tend to corroborate the result of Heim (2007) and Blau and Kahn (2007), who show that the labor supply elasticity of married women has strongly declined over time in the US, revealing a change in work preferences of women. Our results also suggest that a similar trend exist for EU countries.…”

Section: Year Of Observation and Estimation Methodssupporting

confidence: 77%

“…The other main factor behind di¤erent estimates relates to time periods. For the US, we corroborate the …ndings of Heim (2007) and Blau and Kahn (2007), who show, using a uniform approach for di¤erent periods, that married women's wage-elasticities decline over time. Given that the use of the Hausman method coincides with older studies, it is nonetheless di¢ cult to disentangle the two factors.…”

Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 83%

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Steady-State Labor Supply Elasticities: A Survey

Bargain

Peichl

2013

SSRN Journal

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Die Dis cus si on Pape rs die nen einer mög lichst schnel len Ver brei tung von neue ren For schungs arbei ten des ZEW. Die Bei trä ge lie gen in allei ni ger Ver ant wor tung der Auto ren und stel len nicht not wen di ger wei se die Mei nung des ZEW dar.Dis cus si on Papers are inten ded to make results of ZEW research prompt ly avai la ble to other eco no mists in order to encou ra ge dis cus si on and sug gesti ons for revi si ons. The aut hors are sole ly respon si ble for the con tents which do not neces sa ri ly repre sent the opi ni on of the ZEW. Steady-State Labor Supply Elasticities: A SurveyOlivier Bargain and Andreas PeichlOctober 18, 2013Abstract Previous reviews of static labor supply estimations concentrate mainly on the evidence from the 1980s and 1990s, Anglo-Saxon countries and early generations of labor supply modeling. This paper provides a fresh characterization of steady-state labor supply elasticities for Western Europe and the US. We also investigate the relative contribution of di¤erent methodological choices in explaining the large variation in elasticity size observed across studies. While some recent studies show that genuine preference heterogeneity across countries explains only a modest share of this variation (Bargain et al., 2013), we focus here on time changes and estimation methods as key contributors of the di¤erences across studies. Both factors can explain larger elasticities in older studies (i.e. an increase in female labor market attachment over time and a switch from the Hausman estimation approach to discrete-choice models with tax-bene…t simulations). Meta-analysis evidence suggests that smaller elasticities in the recent period may be due to the time factor, i.e. a likely change in work preferences, both in the US and in Europe.

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Section: Year Of Observation and Estimation Methodssupporting

confidence: 77%

Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 83%

Steady-State Labor Supply Elasticities: A Survey

Bargain

Peichl

2013

SSRN Journal

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“…This shows that the workforce at the CA of the Assembly was dominated by males. From public finance principle, the higher labor supply elasticities of women suggest that they should be taxed at lower rates than men (Blau & Kahn, 2007). The prevailing situation at the Assembly raises issues of equity in the labor market as regards the employment situation of women since they must overcome historical disadvantages in an unfavorable economic environment.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Human Resource Capacity Needs at the District Assemblies: A Study at Assin South District Assembly in Ghana

Odoom¹,

Kyeremeh²,

Opoku³

2014

JSD

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The study examined the human resource (HR) capacity needs at the Assin South District Assembly using the descriptive and non-interventional research design. Purposive and quota sampling techniques were used to select 53 respondents with interview schedule and interview guide as the research instruments. The study revealed that the existing institutional arrangements in Ghana's decentralized government system did not allow the Assembly to properly address its HR capacity needs. Besides, poor staff attraction, low remuneration, poor accommodation facilities and inadequate training and development contributed to the Assembly's HR capacity needs. The study recommended that the government should decentralize the HR arrangements at the DAs to grant autonomy to the Personnel Management Department at the Assembly to actively address its own HR capacity needs. The government must effectively collaborate with the Assembly to provide adequate logistics, attractive incentives and social amenities so as to attract well-qualified personnel for smooth decentralization.

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“…Nevertheless, the costs are likely to be high (Pierrard, 2008). Empirical studies of cross-country differences in employment rates suggest that high unemployment benefit replacement rates tend to significantly reduce employment rates (Bassanini and Duval, 2006), while microeconometric evidence for other countries suggests that labour supply is very sensitive to high participation tax rates (Blau and Kahn, 2007;Blundell and Macurdy, 1999;Chetty, 2009;Eissa and Hoynes, 2006;Gruber and Saez, 2002;Immervoll et al, 2005;Saez et al 2009). …”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Out-ofpocket childcare costs can also be an important barrier to raising their labour force participation rates (Blau and Kahn, 2007;Immervoll et al, 2008;OECD, 2007). Participation and marginal tax rates on second earners and sole parents should therefore be kept low and child care costs should not soak up too much of the additional income derived from working.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Making the Luxembourg Labour Market Work Better

Lawson

2010

OECD Economics Department Working Papers

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JT03285103 ABSTRACT/RÉSUMÉ Making the Luxembourg labour market work betterRapid economic growth over the past two decades has substantially increased employment in Luxembourg, which has largely been met by in-flows of cross-border workers and, to a lesser extent, immigration. Unemployment has remained low compared to other European countries. These significant social changes have been absorbed without substantially widening income disparities, facilitated by the generous welfare system made affordable by the strong economy. However, this favourable overall picture masks weaknesses in the design of labour market institutions and social transfers that reduce incentives to work for resident workers. Despite the strong economy, this has resulted in lower employment rates for certain groups of residents, notably those who are second-earners, younger or older, or from poorer socioeconomic backgrounds. Furthermore, the incentives provided by existing labour market institutions could make adjustment to changed economic prospects more difficult. The functioning and adaptability of the labour market could be improved without undermining social cohesion through a range of related measures. This could include aligning minimum wage adjustments more closely with economic conditions, which could be achieved through a Minimum Wage Council, and softening employment protection legislation. To raise incentives of residents, social benefits should be decoupled from average wages, and social transfers could be reoriented towards in-work social benefits. La croissance rapide économique que le Luxembourg a connue au cours des deux décennies écoulées s'est traduite par une expansion considérable de l'emploi, attirant principalement des travailleurs frontaliers et, dans une moindre mesure, de la main-d'oeuvre immigrée. Le chômage est resté faible en comparaison des autres pays européens. Ces importantes évolutions sociales ont été absorbées sans accentuation notable des disparités de revenu, grâce à un système généreux de protection sociale que le Luxembourg a pu s'offrir du fait de la vigueur de son économie. Cette belle image d'ensemble masque toutefois des faiblesses dans la conception des institutions du marché du travail et des transferts sociaux qui émoussent les incitations à travailler pour les résidents. Malgré le dynamisme de l'économie, il en est résulté des taux d'emploi moins élevés pour certains groupes de résidents, notamment ceux qui font fonction de second apporteur de revenu, les jeunes ou les seniors, ou ceux qui sont issus de milieux socioéconomiques moins favorisés. Par ailleurs, les incitations offertes par les institutions du marché du travail existantes pourraient rendre plus difficile l'ajustement à l'évolution des perspectives économiques. Il serait possible d'améliorer le fonctionnement et l'adaptabilité du marché du travail sans saper la cohésion sociale par une série de mesures associées. Il s'agirait notamment de fixer les ajustements de salaire minimum plus étroitement en fonction de la situation économiqu...

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Changes in the Labor Supply Behavior of Married Women: 1980–2000

Cited by 598 publications

References 31 publications

Steady-State Labor Supply Elasticities: A Survey

Steady-State Labor Supply Elasticities: A Survey

Human Resource Capacity Needs at the District Assemblies: A Study at Assin South District Assembly in Ghana

Making the Luxembourg Labour Market Work Better

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