Changes in the injecting risk behaviour of injecting drug users in London, 1990-1993

Hunter, Gillian; Donoghoe, Martin C.; Stimson, Gerry V.; Rhodes, Tim; Chalmers, Colin

doi:10.1097/00002030-199509050-00012

Cited by 67 publications

(28 citation statements)

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“…Although the current sam ple was largely self-selected and hence was not random ly chosen from the population of ID Us, this is th e situation with m ost studies of this type. In fact, the current sam ple is very sim ilar in dem ographics and characteristics of drug taking to com m unity sam ples of IDU s studied in London or G lasgow (Rhodes et al, 1995), which found sharing rates (of`w orks' in th e previous six m onths) of 39 and 43% , resp ectively (as com pared with 57% here). The sam ples studied in each city here were thus very sim ilar to published sam ples.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 50%

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Gender differences in sharing injecting equipment by drug users in England

Bennett

Velleman²,

Barter³

et al. 2000

AIDS Care

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The study investigates whether the higher rates of sharing needles and syringes reported by female injecting drug users (IDUs) also occur in sharing other types of injecting equipment. Structured interviews were carried out with 181 IDUs in two cities (100 in Bournemouth, 81 in Bath), with almost equal numbers of males and females in each sample, recruited through needle exchanges and 'snowballing'. Almost all (92%) had shared some equipment in the previous six months: 40% had shared syringes in the month before interview. Several methods of assessing sharing found that women received previously used injecting equipment significantly more often than men. Significantly more males had passed on equipment other than syringes in the previous six months. Fine-grained analyses of 547 injecting episodes found that women received needles and syringes, and syringes significantly more often than did men. The pattern of gender differences reported suggests that women are at higher risk of blood borne viral infections because they receive more types of used equipment and do so more frequently. These results have implications for practice and research.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 50%

“…It is striking how m uch higher the period sum m ary sharing rates were than those found elsewh ere in the UK in recent years (cf Durante et al, 1995;H unter et al, 1995;Rhodes et al, 1993;U nlinked Anonym ous Surveys Steering G roup, 1998). Three possible exp lanations m ay be that:…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Gender differences in sharing injecting equipment by drug users in England

Bennett

Velleman²,

Barter³

et al. 2000

AIDS Care

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…Numerous studies have focused on understanding the determinants of syringe sharing (Booth, 1994;Darke et al, 1994;Donoghoe et al, 1992;Hawkins et al, 1999;Magura et al, 1989;Mandell et al, 1994;Strathdee et al, 1997). Both trend analyses and cohort studies indicate that many IDUs reduced syringe sharing in response to the HIV epidemic (Battjes et al, 1995;Des Jarlais et al, 2000;Hunter et al, 1995;van Ameijden and Coutinho, 1998;Wiebel et al, 1996). However, indirect sharing remains a common practice among IDUs and research focused on its determinants is relatively sparse Koester et al, 1996;Needle et al, 1998).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Changes in the Sharing of Drug Injection Equipment among Street-Recruited Injection Drug Users in Chicago, Illinois, 1994–1996

Huo

Bailey

Garfein

et al. 2005

Substance Use & Misuse

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This study examines changes in the multi-person use of drug injection paraphernalia during the mid-1990s, a time of increasing awareness of HIV transmission modes and availability of prevention programs. Beginning in 1994, 794 street-recruited injection drug users in Chicago were interviewed and followed at 6 and 12 months postbaseline. Random-effects, pattern-mixture logistic regression models were used to determine correlates of five injection-equipment sharing practices, while accounting for repeated measurement and study attrition. At baseline, 45.7% of participants reported receptive syringe sharing in the previous 6 months. Syringe-mediated sharing was reported by 28.7% of participants and the sharing of cookers (65.1%), cotton filters (55.7%), and rinse water (46.9%) was common. During follow-up, the proportion of all sharing behaviors decreased significantly, especially receptive syringe sharing. Participation in a syringe exchange program was associated with reductions in receptive syringe sharing and syringe-mediated sharing, but not the sharing of cookers.

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“…In contrast to the signi® cant decline in injecting risk behaviour, risk reduction in relation to sexual behaviour has been less frequently reported (Rhodes et al, 1993;K lee et al, 1990a;K lee et al, 1990b). G iven the reduction in injecting risk behaviour, together with the slower adoption of safer sexual practices (Dubois-Arber & Paccaud, 1994), it seem s probable that the prim ary m ode of acquisition am ongst sexually active ID Us m ay be shifting from parenteral to heterosexual transm ission (Ronald et al, 1993).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The reduction in sharing of needles and other injecting equipm ent in this and other studies suggest th at the public health response to the epidem ic has been effective to som e extent. However, prevention strategies prom oting safer sexual practices appear to have been less successful (Rhodes, 1993;Klee et al, 1990b;Alvins et al, 1994;Robertson, 1995) and there is a need to reassess policies for identifying infected wom en in pregnancy, particularly in the light of the know ledge that zidovudine is effective in reducing m other-to-child transm ission of HIV (Connor et al, 1994).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characteristics of pregnant HIV-1 infected women in Europe

Thorne¹,

Newell²,

Dunn³

et al. 1996

AIDS Care

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There is a growing number of infected women in Europe and an increasing proportion of these have acquired their infection through heterosexual contact. Most infected women are of childbearing age and thus increasing numbers of children are at risk of acquiring infection. In this paper we examine the socio-demographic characteristics and trends in mode of acquisition of infection of 1690 infected women from 7 countries enrolled in the European Collaborative Study, a prospective multi-centre study of children born to women known to be HIV infected at or before the time of delivery. The majority of women were white, primiparae, married or cohabiting and born in Europe. Two-thirds had a history of injecting drug use (IDU), most commonly involving heroin. Although patterns of transmission varied by centre, there was a relative increase in heterosexual transmission over the study period. A history of needle-sharing among IDUs was common, but needle-sharing during pregnancy significantly declined between 1987 and 1994.

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Changes in the injecting risk behaviour of injecting drug users in London, 1990-1993

Cited by 67 publications

References 0 publications

Gender differences in sharing injecting equipment by drug users in England

Gender differences in sharing injecting equipment by drug users in England

Changes in the Sharing of Drug Injection Equipment among Street-Recruited Injection Drug Users in Chicago, Illinois, 1994–1996

Characteristics of pregnant HIV-1 infected women in Europe

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