Changes in the faecal bile acid profile in dogs fed dry food vs high content of beef: a pilot study

Herstad, Kristin Marie Valand; Rønning, Helene Thorsen; Bakke, Anne Marie; Moe, Lars; Skancke, Ellen

doi:10.1186/s13028-018-0383-7

Cited by 18 publications

(30 citation statements)

References 62 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…In this study, we found that the increase in the serotonin and TPH1 levels was accompanied by an increase in CA and DCA levels in the HFD-fed rats. These results were consistent with previous results, which suggested that a high-fat diet could result in the accumulation of CA and secondary bile acids [ 41 , 42 ]. A high-fat diet could increase the levels of cholesterol in the liver, which is required for the synthesis of bile acids [ 43 ].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 94%

Fecal Microbiota Transplantation Can Alleviate Gastrointestinal Transit in Rats with High-Fat Diet-Induced Obesity via Regulation of Serotonin Biosynthesis

Sun

Guo

Zhang

et al. 2018

BioMed Research International

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Aim We tested the hypothesis that fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) could regulate the biotransformation of bile acids, such as deoxycholic acid (DCA) and cholic acid (CA), which in turn regulate the biosynthesis of serotonin in the gut and relieve gastrointestinal dysmotility in high-fat diet- (HFD-) induced obesity in rats. Methods Male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into the control diet group, HFD group, and HFD-fed with receiving FMT. HFD was fed for 12 weeks. At the end of two-week HFD, FMT was carried out for two weeks. The gastrointestinal transit, serotonin concentration, the expression of tryptophan hydroxylase 1 (TPH1) and serotonin reuptake transporter (SERT), and the levels of bile acids in intestinal contents were examined. Results Compared with the control group, the gastrointestinal transit and small intestinal serotonin concentration of HFD-fed rats were increased. In HFD-fed rats, TPH1 protein expression was increased significantly, while SERT protein expression was decreased, but not significant. The levels of CA and DCA in intestinal contents were also significantly increased in HFD-fed rats compared with the control group. After HFD-fed rats receiving FMT treatment, the gastrointestinal transit, small intestinal serotonin concentration, and TPH1 expression were decreased, while SERT expression was not affected. Moreover, the levels of CA and DCA in intestinal contents were also decreased. Conclusions FMT could alleviate small intestinal transit in the HFD-fed rats by regulating the serotonin biosynthesis. In this process, CA and DCA may be related to the regulation of synthesis of serotonin.

show abstract

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 94%

Fecal Microbiota Transplantation Can Alleviate Gastrointestinal Transit in Rats with High-Fat Diet-Induced Obesity via Regulation of Serotonin Biosynthesis

Sun

Guo

Zhang

et al. 2018

BioMed Research International

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…An extensive conversion of cholic acid into DCA in the cecal contents associated with an increase in the class of Clostridia has been shown in rats fed a diet supplemented with cholic acid (39). In dogs whose diet was shifted from commercial dry food (16.3% fat) to one based on minced beef (33.1% fat) and vice versa, changes in the fecal bile acid concentrations and profiles were observed (40). So, in HF-150 dogs, the higher lipid intake could have contributed to an increase in the gut lumen bile acid content and the relative abundance of genera belonging to the Clostridiales order such as Ruminococcus and Clostridium.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of High-Fat Diet at Two Energetic Levels on Fecal Microbiota, Colonic Barrier, and Metabolic Parameters in Dogs

et al. 2020

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Increased consumption of energy-rich foods is a key factor in overweight, obesity, and associated metabolic disorders. This would be, at least in part, related to microbiota disturbance. In rodent models of obesity, microbiota disruption has been associated with alteration of the intestinal barrier, endotoxemia, inflammation grade, and insulin sensitivity. The aim of the present study was to assess the effects of a high-fat diet (HFD), fed at two energetic levels, on microbiota, intestinal barrier, and inflammatory and metabolic parameters in dogs. A HFD (33% fat as fed, 4,830 kcal/kg) was given to 24 healthy Beagle dogs at 100% (HF-100; n = 8) and at 150% (HF-150; n = 16) of their maintenance energy requirements for 8 weeks. Analysis of similarity revealed a significant difference in gut microbiota β-diversity following the diet compared to week 0 in both groups while α-diversity was lower only in the HF-150 group. Firmicutes/Bacteroidetes ratio was higher in the HF-150 group compared to the HF-100 group at weeks 2 and 8. A reduction in insulin sensitivity was observed over time in the HF150 group. Neither endotoxemia nor inflammation was observed in either group, did not find supporting data for the hypothesis that the microbiota is involved in the decline of insulin sensitivity through metabolic endotoxemia and low-grade inflammation. Colonic permeability was increased at week 4 in both groups and returned to initial levels at week 8, and was associated with modifications to the expression of genes involved in colonic barrier function. The increase in intestinal permeability may have been caused by the altered intestinal microbiota and increased expression of genes encoding tight junction proteins might indicate a compensatory mechanism to restore normal permeability. Although simultaneous changes to the microbiota, barrier permeability, inflammatory, and metabolic status have not been observed, such a causal link cannot be excluded in dogs overfed on a HFD. Further studies are necessary to better understand the link between HFD, intestinal microbiota and the host.

show abstract

“…After primary BA aid in fat digestion, they are reabsorbed and transported back to the liver ( Dawson and Karpen, 2015 ); however, some dietary components may affect BA recirculation. For example, BA recirculation can be affected by fibers ( Kritchevsky, 1978 ) and high fat content ( Bravo et al, 1998 ; Herstad et al, 2017 ; Herstad et al, 2018 ). Since taurine is conjugated to BA, loss could occur through feces due to reduced enterohepatic recirculation of BA ( Hickman et al, 1992 ; Ajouz et al, 2014 ; Dawson and Karpen, 2015 ) and result in a reduction in taurine status.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A commercial grain-free diet does not decrease plasma amino acids and taurine status but increases bile acid excretion when fed to Labrador Retrievers

Donadelli

Pezzali

Oba

et al. 2020

Translational Animal Science

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Grain-free diets tend to have greater inclusions of pulses in contrast to grain-based diets. In 2018 the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) released a statement that grain-free diets may be related to the development of canine dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM). However, all dog foods met regulatory minimums for nutrient inclusion recommended by the Association of American Feed Controls Official (AAFCO). In some FDA case reports, but not all, dogs diagnosed with DCM also had low concentrations of plasma or whole blood taurine, as such we hypothesized that feeding these diets will result in reduced taurine status from baseline measures. The objective of this study was to determine the effects of feeding a grain-free diet to large breed dogs on taurine status and overall health. Eight Labrador Retrievers (4 males, 4 females; Four Rivers Kennel, MO) were individually housed and fed a commercial complete and balanced grain-free diet (Acana Pork and Squash formula; APS) for 26 wk. Fasted blood samples were collected prior to the start of the trial (baseline; wk 0), at wk 13 and wk 26 for analyses of blood chemistry, hematology, plasma amino acids (AA), and whole blood taurine. Urine was collected by free catch at wk 0 and 26 for taurine and creatinine analyses. Fresh fecal samples were collected at wk 0 and 26 for bile acid analyses. Data were analyzed using the GLIMMIX procedure with repeated measures in SAS (v. 9.4). Plasma His, Met, Trp, and taurine and whole blood taurine concentrations increased over the course of the study (P < 0.05). Urinary taurine to creatinine ratio was not affected by diet (P>0.05). Fecal bile acid excretion increased after 26 wk of feeding APS to dogs. Despite the higher fecal excretion of bile acids, plasma and whole blood taurine increased over the 26-wk feeding study. These data suggest the feeding APS, a grain-free diet, over a 26-wk period improved taurine status in Labrador Retrievers and is not the basis for incidence of DCM for dogs fed APS. Other factors that may contribute to the etiology of DCM should be explored.

show abstract

Changes in the faecal bile acid profile in dogs fed dry food vs high content of beef: a pilot study

Cited by 18 publications

References 62 publications

Fecal Microbiota Transplantation Can Alleviate Gastrointestinal Transit in Rats with High-Fat Diet-Induced Obesity via Regulation of Serotonin Biosynthesis

Fecal Microbiota Transplantation Can Alleviate Gastrointestinal Transit in Rats with High-Fat Diet-Induced Obesity via Regulation of Serotonin Biosynthesis

Effects of High-Fat Diet at Two Energetic Levels on Fecal Microbiota, Colonic Barrier, and Metabolic Parameters in Dogs

A commercial grain-free diet does not decrease plasma amino acids and taurine status but increases bile acid excretion when fed to Labrador Retrievers

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About