Changes in the essential oil, fixed oil constituents, and phenolic compounds of ajowan and fenugreek in intercropping with pea affected by fertilizer sources

Chiyaneh, Satar Fotohi; Rezaei‐Chiyaneh, Esmaeil; Amirnia, Reza; Afshar, Reza Keshavarz; Siddique, Kadambot H. M.

doi:10.1016/j.indcrop.2022.114587

Cited by 17 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 35 publications

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“…The forage yields of ajowan, fenugreek, and pea under monoculture conditions were higher than the intercrop patterns due to the lower planting density of each crop. In addition, the higher interspecific competition between companion plants affects the partial forage yield of each plant compared with monoculture conditions (Fotohi Chiyaneh et al, 2022). However, all intercrop systems had a higher total forage yield (sum of three species) than the monocultures, highlighting the advantage of these intercropping systems.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Organic fertilizers such as humic acid—another sustainable solution for decreasing the environmental impact of chemical fertilizer consumption and improving the soil's physical, chemical, and biological properties—increase agricultural production and quality (Fotohi Chiyaneh et al, 2022; Liu et al, 2019). Humic acid positively affected crop growth and productivity by improving and optimizing the uptake of macro‐ and micro‐nutrients and water‐holding capacity (Ampong et al, 2022).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Fenugreek ( Trigonella foenum‐graecum L.) is one of the world's most important and oldest medicinal plants, with extensive applications in disease treatment due to its active ingredients (Fotohi Chiyaneh et al, 2022). Fenugreek is an annual herbaceous plant cultivated as a multi‐functional plant (forage and grain) (Wijekoon et al, 2021).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Intercropping medicinal plants is a new idea for forage production: A case study with ajowan and fenugreek

Fotohi Chiyaneh,

Rezaei‐Chiyaneh,

Amirnia

et al. 2023

Food and Energy Security

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Biofertilizers has potential to improve crop productivity in a sustainable manner yet their impact on forage crops yields and forage quality indices have not been extensively explored. In this study, the impact of different cropping patterns and fertilizer sources on the forage yield and quality of ajowan (Carum copticum L.), fenugreek (Trigonella foenum‐graecum L.), and pea (Pisum sativum L.) was investigated. The findings shed light on the importance of biofertilizer application as a sustainable solution for enhancing forage production and quality in agricultural systems. The experimental treatments involved six cropping patterns [ajowan monoculture, fenugreek monoculture, pea monoculture, intercropping of one row ajowan + one row fenugreek + one row pea (1:1:1), two rows ajowan + two rows fenugreek + two rows pea (2:2:2), and three rows ajowan + three rows fenugreek + three rows pea (3:3:3)] and five fertilizer sources [no fertilizer (control), 100% chemical fertilizer (CF), chemical fertilizer + humic acid (CF + HU), chemical fertilizer + biofertilizer (CF + BF), and humic acid + biofertilizer (HU + BF)]. The results revealed that the 2:2:2 intercrop fertilized with CF + BF had the highest N, P, and K concentrations for the three species. The monoculture systems with CF + BF produced the highest forage yields for ajowan (5492 kg/ha), fenugreek (3811 kg/ha), and pea (12,695 kg/ha). In addition, 2:2:2 intercrop fertilized with CF + BF produced the highest forage quality for all three species, decreasing the crude fiber, acid detergent fiber, and neutral detergent fiber contents and increasing forage ASH, dry matter intake, water‐soluble carbohydrates, and relative feed value. The 2:2:2 intercrop ratio combined with CF + BF application could be recommended to farmers as an eco‐friendly strategy (decreasing chemical fertilizer use) for improving forage productivity and quality in sustainable agricultural systems.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Intercropping medicinal plants is a new idea for forage production: A case study with ajowan and fenugreek

Fotohi Chiyaneh,

Rezaei‐Chiyaneh,

Amirnia

et al. 2023

Food and Energy Security

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“…Therefore, the lower partial forage yield in intercrop patterns could be due to decreasing partial plant density in these cropping patterns in comparison with two plants monoculture. Additionally, in this situation, the higher interspecific competition between companion plants affects the partial forage yield of each plant in comparison with monoculture conditions [ 20 ]. Although the partial yield of each plant in different intercrop patterns was lower than both plants’ monocultures, however, it can be concluded that the total forage yield (as shown by land equivalent ratio or LER) in all intercrop patterns was higher than one, representing the advantage of the total productivity of these patterns in comparison with monoculture conditions.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Application of Bio-Fertilizers Improves Forage Quantity and Quality of Sorghum (Sorghum bicolor L.) Intercropped with Soybean (Glycine max L.)

Sadafzadeh,

Javanmard,

Amani Machiani

et al. 2023

Plants

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In recent years, application of bio-fertilizers (BFs) in intercropping systems has become known as one of the main sustainable and eco-friendly strategies for improving the quantity and quality of forage crops. In order to evaluate the forage quantity and quality of sorghum intercropped with soybean, a two-year field experiment was carried out as factorial based on a randomized complete blocks design (RCBD) with three replications. The first factor was different cropping patterns including soybean monocultures with densities of 40 and 50 plants m−2 (G40 and G50), sorghum monocultures with densities of 10 and 15 plants m−2 (S10 and S15) and intercropping of two plants with the mentioned densities. The second factor was non-application (control) and application of bio-fertilizers. The results demonstrated that the highest dry forage yield of sorghum (21.22 t ha−1) was obtained in monoculture conditions with density of 15 plants m−2 and inoculation with bio-fertilizer (S15+BF). The maximum crude protein (CP = 149.6 g kg−1 DM), ash (113.2 g kg−1 DM), water soluble carbohydrates (WSC = 251.16 g kg−1 DM), dry matter intake (DMI = 26.83 g kg−1 of body weight), digestible dry matter (DDM = 668.01 g kg−1 DM), total digestible nutrients (TDN = 680.42 g kg−1 DM), relative feed value (RFV = 142.98%) and net energy for lactation (NEL = 1.625 Mcal kg−1) were observed in the intercropping of S10G50 inoculated with BF. Interestingly, application of bio-fertilizers enhanced the content of CP, ash, WSC, DMI, DDM, TDN, RFV and NEL by 7.5, 8, 11.7, 3.6, 2.3, 12.3, 5.9 and 3.5% when compared with the control (non-application of bio-fertilizers). In all intercropping patterns, the total land equivalent ratio (LER) value was greater than one, representing the advantage of these cropping patterns in comparison with sorghum monoculture. The highest total LER was recorded in the intercropping of S15G40 and S10G50 following application of BF. Additionally, the highest monetary advantage index (MAI) was calculated in the intercropping of S15G40+BF. Generally, it can be concluded that the intercropping of S10G50 along with bio-fertilizer inoculation could be suggested as an eco-friendly strategy for improving the forage quantity and quality under low-input conditions.

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“…The global community's interest in using medicinal and aromatic plants (MAP) as natural alternatives to chemical drugs against medical disorders is growing, primarily because such plants contain essential oils (EOs), vitamins and minerals. Essential oils are natural volatile aroma compounds synthesized by aromatic plants and have been used in the medicine, cosmetics and food industries 20 . One such MAP is summer savory ( Satureja hortensis L.), an annual species belonging to the Lamiaceae family with a pleasant aroma and high EO content.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Biostimulants alleviate water deficit stress and enhance essential oil productivity: a case study with savory

Rezaei‐Chiyaneh

Mahdavikia

Alipour

et al. 2023

Sci Rep

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Water deficit stress exposure frequently constrains plant and agri-food production globally. Biostimulants (BSs) can be considered a new tool in mitigating water deficit stress. This study aimed to understand how BSs influence water deficit stress perceived by savory plants (Satureja hortensis L.), an important herb used for nutritional and herbal purposes in the Middle East. Three BS treatments, including bio-fertilizers, humic acid and foliar application of amino acid (AA), were implemented. Each treatment was applied to savory plants using three irrigation regimes (low, moderate and severe water deficit stress FC100, FC75 and FC50, respectively). Foliar application of AA increased dry matter yield, essential oil (EO) content and EO yield by 22%, 31% and 57%, respectively. The greatest EO yields resulted from the moderate (FC75) and severe water deficit stress (FC50) treatments treated with AA. Primary EO constituents included carvacrol (39–43%), gamma-terpinene (27–37%), alpha-terpinene (4–7%) and p-cymene (2–5%). Foliar application of AA enhanced carvacrol, gamma-terpinene, alpha-terpinene and p-cymene content by 6%, 19%, 46% and 18%, respectively. Physiological characteristics were increased with increasing water shortage and application of AA. Moreover, the maximum activities of superoxide dismutase (3.17 unit mg−1 min−1), peroxidase (2.60 unit mg−1 min−1) and catalase (3.08 unit mg−1 min−1) were obtained from plants subjected to severe water deficit stress (FC50) and treated with AA. We conclude that foliar application of AA under water deficit stress conditions would improve EO quantity and quality in savory.

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Changes in the essential oil, fixed oil constituents, and phenolic compounds of ajowan and fenugreek in intercropping with pea affected by fertilizer sources

Cited by 17 publications

References 35 publications

Intercropping medicinal plants is a new idea for forage production: A case study with ajowan and fenugreek

Intercropping medicinal plants is a new idea for forage production: A case study with ajowan and fenugreek

Application of Bio-Fertilizers Improves Forage Quantity and Quality of Sorghum (Sorghum bicolor L.) Intercropped with Soybean (Glycine max L.)

Biostimulants alleviate water deficit stress and enhance essential oil productivity: a case study with savory

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