Changes in the Equilibrium of Standing on One Leg at Various Life Stages

Morioka, Shu; Fukumoto, Takumi; Hiyamizu, Makoto; Matsuo, Atsushi; Takebayashi, Hideaki; Miyamoto, Kenzo

doi:10.1155/2012/516283

Cited by 23 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…They considered themselves relatively healthy and appeared to be highly functioning, though many of them had several concurrent medical conditions. The range of their OLST with EO is in line with those in the literature for older adults ( Morioka et al, 2012 ). Therefore, we decided to also include the two subjects with well-regulated diabetes mellitus and the one with neurofibromatosis.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 89%

“…This finding was unexpected as aging leads to a decline in mechanical properties of the skin, as well as cutaneous receptor density, morphology, and physiology ( Kenshalo, 1986 ; Peters, McKeown, Carpenter, & Inglis, 2016 ; Shaffer & Harrison, 2007 ). Morioka et al (2012) found a significant correlation between age and somatosensation in subjects between 2 and 92 years old. Thus, the non-significant correlation between age and TSPT or VPT in our cohort might be explained by the rather narrow age span (60-78) and maybe by the subjects being relatively healthy.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 75%

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Perceived and Functional Balance Control Is Negatively Affected by Diminished Touch and Vibration Sensitivity in Relatively Healthy Older Adults and Elderly

Hafström

2018

Gerontology and Geriatric Medicine

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Background: Severe diminished foot somatosensation, for example, caused by neuropathies and advanced aging, contributes to balance deficits and increased fall risk. However, little is known about somatosensory impairment and functional and subjective balance problems in relatively healthy elderly. Method: Vibration perception thresholds (VPTs) were assessed with a biothesiometer and tactile pressure sensation thresholds (TPSTs) with 20 monofilaments in 34 relatively healthy community-dwelling older adults (M = 69.4 years). Balance was evaluated with functional balance tests and questionnaires. A stepwise regression analysis was performed to determine the extent to which VPTs, TPSTs, and age could explain balance impairments. Results: High VPTs had negative effects on Berg Balance Scale and Dizziness Handicap Inventory scores (p ≤ .011), as did high TPSTs on walking speed and Figure-8 test (p ≤ .001). With visual information available, one-leg standing time (OLST) was significantly affected by ipsilateral VPTs on solid and TPSTs on compliant surface (p ≤ .002). Without visual information, age was the only factor with a main effect on OLST (p < .001). Age had no significant correlations with TPSTs or VPTs. Discussion: Somatosensation appears to be very important for perceived as well as functional balance control in older adults. Our findings have important clinical implications when assessing balance impairment and impending fall risk.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 89%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 75%

Perceived and Functional Balance Control Is Negatively Affected by Diminished Touch and Vibration Sensitivity in Relatively Healthy Older Adults and Elderly

Hafström

2018

Gerontology and Geriatric Medicine

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“…Aging is associated with the deterioration of standing balance [ 27 ]. Moreover, maintaining SLS is more challenging for elderly people [ 28 ]. In this study, AREA-SD was larger in the elderly group than in the young group under the FR condition, and this finding is in agreement with previous results [ 29 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Muscle co-contraction in elderly people change due to postural stability during single-leg standing

Iwamoto

Takahashi

Shinkoda

2017

J Physiol Anthropol

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BackgroundMuscle co-contraction is the simultaneous contraction of agonist and antagonist muscles crossing a joint, and it increases with age. This study primarily aimed to clarify the difference in the effect of a light fingertip contact to stationary surface on postural sway and muscle co-contraction during single-leg standing (SLS) between young and elderly groups; the secondary aim was to reveal the quantitative difference in the muscle co-contraction of the ankle joint among the three different support structure conditions in the elderly group.MethodsThis study included eight young adults (age 23.4 ± 2.6 years) and nine community dwelling older adults (age 74.7 ± 3.4 years). The task was SLS under the following conditions: (1) no supporting structure, FR; (2) light index fingertip contact to a stationary supporting structure (to touch in force < 1 N), LT; and (3) dependence on a supporting structure for stabilization as desired, DO. Center of pressure (COP) variables [root-mean-square distance (RDIST), total excursion (TOTEX), mean velocity (MVELO), and standard deviation area (AREA-SD)] and the co-contraction index (CI) between the tibialis anterior and soleus were measured using surface electromyography.ResultsWith regard to the effect of the light fingertip contact to stationary surface, in the young group, TOTEX, MVELO, AREA-SD, and CI during SLS were smaller under the LT condition than under the FR condition. However, in the elderly group, only AREA-SD and CI were smaller under the LT condition than under the FR condition. No significant difference was observed in COP variables and CI under the DO condition between the young and elderly groups.ConclusionBoth young and elderly groups could decrease muscle co-contraction using the light fingertip contact. On the other hand, in the elderly group, COP variables showed a limited effect from the light fingertip contact; only the “sway” domain measure (AREA-SD). Both young and elderly groups showed the smallest CI under the DO condition. Therefore, the elderly group could decrease muscle co-contraction of the ankle joint depending on postural stability.

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“…En cuanto a la evaluación de la estabilidad, al utilizar el gesto de apoyo unipodal, en niño/ as menores de 6 años predomina el control de esta postura por medio de la aferencia visual, explicación del porqué a esta edad se logran mejores resultados en la prueba con oa (5). Además, el desarrollo de este componente no es lineal y se ha documentado que se acelera al final de la edad preescolar (22). Al respecto, los resultados de esta investigación indican que en la prueba de apoyo unipodal con oc existe una tendencia de los niños/as rurales a tener mejor estabilidad con oc, esto probablemente se relacione con la mayor variabilidad de movimientos que se ejecutan en terrenos irregulares, por lo que el aprendizaje motor se ve mayormente favorecido en estos niños/as.…”

Section: Discussionunclassified

“…Se permitieron 3 intentos que registraban el mejor resultado en centímetros. El balance fue medido con la prueba de caminar sobre una línea recta según el protocolo de Bürgi et al y usando zapatos; mientras que la estabilidad se midió utilizando el protocolo de apoyo unipodal de Morioka et al (21)(22). Por último, la flexibilidad fue valorada mediante la prueba de alcanzar sentado en V, extraído del The President's Challenge Physical Activity, Nutrition & Fitness Awards Program (23).…”

Section: Materiales Y Métodosunclassified