Changes in the earnings of Arab men in the US between 2000 and 2002

Abstract

Arab Americans, September 11th, discrimination, J71, J31, J23,

Muslims in France: identifying a discriminatory equilibrium

“…29 After each play, the senders and the receivers returned to the waiting room, not knowing if they would be called again, or in what role.…”

“…However, the amount sent by the sender has also been shown to partially capture unconditional altruism, that is the sender's willingness to be generous to 28 In order to avoid the equal split option from becoming a focal point in this game (Schelling (1960)), we did not offer it. 29 The novelty of our simultaneous trust game with respect to the original trust game introduced by Berg, Dickhaut and McCabe (1995) is in the simultaneity of the decisions made by the sender and by the receiver. We preferred the simultaneous trust game over the original trust game for several reasons.…”

“…Consistent with these findings is the evidence on assimilation behavior after an exogenous shock to everyday relations. For example, after the 9/11 attacks in the U.S., hostility toward Muslims by non-Muslim Americans increased, and -relatedly -Muslim identification with the U.S. decreased (Davila and Mora (2005) and Gould and Klor (2012)). …”

Bridges or buffers? Motives behind Immigrants’ Religiosity

“…10 There are obviously differences between European countries in terms of the regulation of religious minorities (Casanova 2006 This, however, did not prevent expressions of hostility and discrimination against Moslems after the 9/11 attacks. For instance, Davila and Mora (2005) found that subsequent to the attacks, middle-Eastern Arabs have experienced a significant decline in earnings. (on the 18 th of December, 2012) claims that the third largest 'religion' is the 'no religion' -it is estimated that there are 1.1 billion individuals who claim to have 'no religion' (16 percent of the world population.…”

Cultural Leaders and the Clash of Civilizations

“…In addition, cultural world views and self-esteem act as anxiety bu¤ers. Reminders of one's own mortality intensify e¤orts to uphold cultural world-views and self-esteem, 14 in particular they increase nationalism and prejudice 15 and the support of charismatic leaders. 16 Apart from psychological experiments there is a substantial body of empirical evidence that con…rms that terror increases prejudice.…”