Changes in the Content of Heavy Metals in Bílina River during 2012–2017: Effects of Flood and Industrial Inputs

Abstract

This article presents the development of selected heavy metals contained in river sediments at selected sites along the Bílina River. It describes the situation before the large flood in 2013, the situation just after that flood, the situation approximately 1 year after the flood, and 4 years after the flood. The contents of selected heavy metals from industrial pollution originating from transport and industry located along the river flow were monitored. Since the situation in the river before the flood was also known, it was possible to assess the impact of the 2013 flood on the distribution of heavy metals in the settled sediments. The results obtained show that the heavy metal content has changed significantly. During the flood in 2013 there was an increase in the concentration of almost all the monitored elements compared to the situation before the flood and one year after the flood. This could be caused by the churning of sediments as a result of the flood. The only exception was Cd, the concentration of which did not change significantly. However, Cd is present in the sediment samples at a low concentration at the limit of quantification (LOQ), so the change may not be noticeable. In 2017, four years after the flood, an increase in the concentration of all the monitored elements was found. The highest increase in the content of the monitored elements was observed at the sites with the highest industrial pollution. Following the flood in 2014, there was a situation where no significant differences were observed in the content of metals at the individual sampling points in contrast to the values obtained in 2012, 2013, and 2017. As a result of sediment churning and re-settlement during and after the flood, the sediment became homogenized along the entire river flow. After a longer period of time that was not accompanied by floods, a significant increase in the heavy metal concentration was observed due to anthropogenic pollution. The results show that the effect of flooding is only temporal and that anthropogenic pollution is more important than the impact of floods.

Neurotoxicity of the Cu(OH)2 Nanopesticide through Perturbing Multiple Neurotransmitter Pathways in Developing Zebrafish

“…11 In Europe, the range for copper has been reported to be 20−30 μg/L in the Bilina River. 12 In addition, copper-based nanopesticide has been found to be close to the μg/L range in estuarine water located downstream of agricultural fields. 13 Therefore, there may be exposure consequences of the Cu(OH) 2 nanopesticide for aquatic species.…”

“…However, following application, the remaining nanoparticles on the crop leaves can reside in the soil and water and enter aquatic ecosystems via point (discharge from the wastewater treatment plant) and nonpoint (drift, drainage, runoff, or leaching from the soil) sources. , To date, there are almost no reports for measurable concentration for nano-Cu­(OH) 2 in aquatic environments; however, environmental assessments for copper have established levels ranging from 4.81 to 110.0 μg/L, with a mean of 36.27 μg/L in the Yellow River in China . In Europe, the range for copper has been reported to be 20–30 μg/L in the Bilina River . In addition, copper-based nanopesticide has been found to be close to the μg/L range in estuarine water located downstream of agricultural fields .…”

Electropolymerized polyaniline on electrospun silica nanofibers to prepare a SPME fiber for the sampling of linear alkyl benzenes

“…One sample (#1) was of a municipal wastewater (Khoramabad, Iran) and two samples (#2 and #3) were from the Khoram River passing through the city of Khoramabad. All samples were collected and stored according to a standard sampling method [32]. In order to check the matrix effect, rst each sample was analyzed under optimal conditions and then standard solution was added to each sample at three different concentration levels, one close to LOQ de ne it, middle, and at the highest concentration level of the calibration curve.…”

The Field-Scale Investigation of the Low Mobility of Drainage Canal Sediments Polluted by Copper in Lowland Area of Croatia

“…However, flooding episodes can increase heavy metal content in river sediments, but those effects are only temporary. Hence, anthropogenic pollution is more important than flood-related pollution, but they both have mainly anthropogenic and sometimes partly geogenic origins [9].…”