Changes in the concentrations of major, minor and rare-earth elements during leaf senescence and decomposition in a Fagus sylvatica forest

Tyler, Germund

doi:10.1016/j.foreco.2004.10.065

Cited by 111 publications

(79 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…Concentrations of As, Cr, Fe, Ni, Pb and Zn in leaf litter collected from urban roads were higher than those found in forest beech litter ( [32], Table 1). While concentrations of As, Cr and Ni were about 6-to 9-fold higher, Pb concentration was 3-fold and Zn concentration was 1.5-fold higher.…”

Section: Heavy Metals In Urban Leaf Littermentioning

confidence: 74%

Heavy Metals and Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons in Urban Leaf Litter Designated for Combustion

et al. 2017

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Vast amounts of leaf litter have to be disposed of by city administrations. This biomass has the potential for energy conversion, but contamination with pollutants can adversely affect this usage. We investigated leaf litter samples from the city of Kassel by analyzing their heavy metal and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) concentrations. Leaf samples were indeed contaminated with heavy metals and PAHs and contamination was influenced by provenience and collection technique. A simple cleaning system of washing and subsequent mechanical dewatering significantly reduced heavy metal concentration. Regression models were developed for contamination with heavy metals which showed that contamination could be successfully estimated using the total ash content of the sample as a predictor, with an R 2 of up to 0.77. It can be concluded that leaf litter from cities is a possible feedstock for energetic conversion, provided a cleaning step is applied.

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Section: Heavy Metals In Urban Leaf Littermentioning

confidence: 74%

Heavy Metals and Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons in Urban Leaf Litter Designated for Combustion

et al. 2017

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“…This might be explained by a higher contamination with soil and dirt particles due to the location and technique of collection, especially in the case of Na and Cl by contamination due to salt application for de-icing streets in autumn and winter time. Clean forest leaf litter investigated by Tyler [20] in a southern Swedish natural beech forest undisturbed for at least 50 years, collected with nets above ground, showed lower values for all elements but still an inherent level of ash of 5.28% DM. The ash concentration and mineral composition in a high quality standard fuel such as beech wood is significantly lower, with total ash values around 0.5% DM.…”

Section: Chemical Composition and Fuel Properties Of Leaf Littermentioning

confidence: 97%

High-Quality Solid Fuel Production from Leaf Litter of Urban Street Trees

et al. 2016

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Leaf litter is a growing concern for cities. Due to adherent dirt such biomass is rarely utilized nowadays but may constitute a renewable energy source for communities or private households. Leaf litter from main roads, residential areas and city centres collected by the vacuum technique or the sweeper technique was sampled and analysed for ash content and chemical composition. Ash content of leaf litter collected by the sweeping technique was higher (21.6%-40.1% dry matter, DM) than in material collected by the vacuum technique (12.0%-21.7% DM). Leaf litter from residential areas had the highest contamination (21.7%-40.1% DM), followed by main roads (20.8%-26.2% DM) and city centres (12.0%-21.6% DM). Ash content was reduced by up to 60% with a washing treatment and reached values comparable to those achieved by multiple manual rinsing, which was conducted as a reference treatment. The chemical composition of washed leaf litter could be further improved by mechanical dehydration treatment due to a reduction in harmful elements for combustion such as K, Cl, Mg and S. Heating value of leaf litter increased and the risk of corrosion and ash melting during combustion were reduced.

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“…Killingbeck (1985) observed chinquapin oak in a gallery forest in Kansas resorbed 35% of its foliar Fe: however, he also observed that hackberry and red elm had significant accretion of Fe, while green ash and bur oak had neither significant resorption nor accretion. Tyler (2005) showed that most mineral elements, including Fe, increased in dry weight concentration during leaf senescence in European beech trees. For calculation and comparison purposes, we assumed that little change in foliar Fe content occurred during senescence.…”

Section: Relation Of Iron Chemistry To Dissolved Organic Carbon and Phmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dynamics of oxidized and reduced iron in a northern hardwood forest

et al. 2010

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Changes in the concentrations of major, minor and rare-earth elements during leaf senescence and decomposition in a Fagus sylvatica forest

Cited by 111 publications

References 20 publications

Heavy Metals and Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons in Urban Leaf Litter Designated for Combustion

Heavy Metals and Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons in Urban Leaf Litter Designated for Combustion

High-Quality Solid Fuel Production from Leaf Litter of Urban Street Trees

Dynamics of oxidized and reduced iron in a northern hardwood forest

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