Changes in the blood fatty-acid profile associated with oxidative-antioxidant disturbances in coronary atherosclerosis

Abstract

SummaryBackgroundThe objective of this work was to study the profile of fatty acids and to search for associations of fatty acids with oxidative-antioxidant parameters and an oxidative-inflammatory biomarker (lipoprotein-associated phospholipase A2) in men with coronary atherosclerosis and coronary heart disease.MethodsAnalysis of 20 fatty acids was performed in 60 men with angiographically confirmed coronary atherosclerosis and coronary heart disease and in a control group of men without coronary heart disease. Serum fatty-acid content was evaluated by high-performance gas-liquid chromatography. The blood levels of oxidative stress, total antioxidative defence, and lipoprotein-associated phospholipase 2 were analyzed.ResultsIn the group of men with coronary atherosclerosis the levels of myristic and palmitic fatty acids were higher by 59% and 22%, respectively. An increase in the weight percentage of monounsaturated fatty acids was noted, such as palmitoleic, oleic, and octadecenic. Significantly lower levels of polyunsaturated fatty acids, such as linolic, eicosadienoic, eicosatrienoic, arachidonic, eicosapentaenoic, γ-linolenic, docosapentaenoic, and docosahexaenoic were detected in the group with coronary atherosclerosis. The lipoprotein-associated phospholipase A2 level was higher by 48%. Oxidative stress was higher by 17%, and the total antioxidant defence in serum was lower by 45%. We found correlations between fatty acids and oxidative-antioxidative alterations. The relative risk of vulnerable atherosclerotic plaques correlated with increased levels of palmitic, stearic, oleic, and linolic fatty acids.ConclusionsSignificant alterations in the profile of fatty acids are associated with oxidative-antioxidative alterations and are accompanied by an increase in free-radical formation, which can probably serve as a risk factor of atherosclerosis.

Enhanced Muscle Strength in Dyslipidemic Mice and Its Relation to Increased Capacity for Fatty Acid Oxidation

“…Reduced SFA and heightened MUFA might also suggest a preference for β-oxidation of SFA vs. MUFA which may result in more ATP molecules production and be the additional cause of the observed phenomenon. Additionally, Ragino et al found that patients with atherosclerosis were characterized by increased MUFA levels and oleic acid which is in the line with our results [39]. They also found that higher levels of oleic acid may be associated with the relative risk of the presence of vulnerable atherosclerotic plaques in coronary arteries [39].…”

“…Additionally, Ragino et al found that patients with atherosclerosis were characterized by increased MUFA levels and oleic acid which is in the line with our results [39]. They also found that higher levels of oleic acid may be associated with the relative risk of the presence of vulnerable atherosclerotic plaques in coronary arteries [39]. Interestingly, the content of one of SFA namely C19:0 was enhanced while others were reduced or exhibited no statistical differences.…”

Are liver function biomarkers independently associated with Framingham risk score in women?

“…All of these metabolic disturbances may lead to increased ALT and GGT activity, and to a decreased bilirubin level [6,25]. Moreover, not only do high levels of free fatty acids in addition to insulin resistance lead to hepatocytes dysfunction, but they also promote endothelial dysfunction, reduce production of nitric oxide, vasoconstriction, and inflammation with consequent initiation and progression of atherosclerosis [29,30], thus further supporting the link between obesity, high triglycerides, and inflammation level and CVD. The limitations of this study need to be reported.…”

Essential Fatty Acids as Biomedicines in Cardiac Health

“…It can be concluded that the elevated serum levels of palmitic, stearic, oleic, and linoleic acids are associated with the formation of atherosclerotic plaques in coronary arteries [58]. Moreover, alteration of serum fatty acid profile lifts the oxidative-inflammatory vascular biomarker concentration and lipoprotein-associated phospholipase A2 (Lp-PLA2) [58].…”