Changes in the biochemical composition of saliva in diabetic patients

Abstract

Introduction: Diabetic patients, beside numerous acute and chronic complications, often have oral manifestations of the disease. Aim: The aim of the study was to establish changes in saliva of diabetic patients in relation to healthy population in order to use saliva in the disease monitoring, as well as the changes depending on the type of diabetes. Materials and methods: The study comprised 52 adult patients of both sexes and at the age between 18 and 79 with Diabetes mellitus type 1 and 2 who were treated at the Institute for endocrinology, diabetes and metabolic disorders of the Clinical center of Serbia. The control group consisted of 67 volunteers from Belgrade, students at the School of Dentistry, aged between 19 and 24. The whole of unstimulated and stimulated saliva was collected and biochemical parameters (glucose, total proteins, albumin, sodium and potassium) were determined by methods commonly used for serum. Results: The results showed that salivary potassium level was increased in saliva of diabetic patients, that of sodium and total proteins was decreased, and glucose and albumin did not show changes compared to the control group. Concentrations of total proteins and potassium were higher in patients with DM type 2, and sodium was higher in DM type 1 (p = 0.05). Conclusion: Diabetic patients often have changes in biochemical composition of saliva

Estimation of Salivary Resistin, malondialdehyde and Lipid Profile levels in patients with Diabetes Mellitus

“…One of these samples can certainly be saliva. Saliva has many advantages over serum, such as inexpensive and non-invasive collection procedure, including ease of storage and delivery [10].Based on numerous studies, it has been proved that there is a modification of organic and inorganic constituents of saliva in diabetic patients [11][12].…”

Non‐invasive platform to estimate fasting blood glucose levels from salivary electrochemical parameters

“…This increase in Ca 2+ is attributed due to the reduction in the fluid output (oral dehydration) which in turn increases the protein concentration in the oral cavity and hence, possibly Ca 2+ due to the alteration in ionic affinity [18]. The increase in K + ions is either due to increased activity of Na + K + ATPase or because of the changes in the basal membrane of the salivary gland [23]. The elevation in oxidative stress in saliva during diabetes is well observed clinically due to persistent hyperglycemia, which increases the production of free radicals, especially reactive oxygen species (ROSs), in all tissues due to glucose auto‐oxidation and protein glycosylation [24].…”