Changes in the association of low birth weight with socioeconomic status in Hawaii: 1970–1990

Wegner, Eldon L.; Loos, Gregory P.; Onaka, Alvin T.; Crowell, David H.; Li, Yuanqing; Zheng, Helen

doi:10.1080/19485565.2001.9989035

Cited by 1 publication

(4 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…Many findings in this study were consistent with previous research: more female-headed families [27,28], less working class population [27], improved educational status [27,29], higher incomes [23,25-27,29], increased income inequality [22,23,25,27] and higher poverty rates [26,27]. However, the decreased median house value was not in agreement with previous findings [27].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

“…In some studies, changes were quantified by the difference between means of a given characteristic, and in others, the degree of change is quantified by the standard deviation [23,26,28,29]. To examine the overall population shifts between 1990 and 2000, the mean, median and standard deviation (SD) of specific characteristics were calculated for 2,622 census tracts; as in previous research, the difference in means was compared for each characteristic.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In previous studies, variable census boundaries were not a major issue for one of several reasons: large census units with stable boundaries were used [22,26,27], units with boundary changes were excluded from the analysis [12,23], or the boundary changes were mainly due to straightforward splitting of existing tracts [29]. In contrast, most census tracts in NYS with boundary changes were redrawn into new tracts instead of being simply merged or split.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Shifting population census characteristics have been observed at different geographic levels ranging from the nation to the census block group [22,23,25-29]. Because the census tracts, considered to be "relatively homogeneous units with respect to population characteristics", are commonly used in public health research to approximate "community" or "neighborhood", this study evaluated whether population characteristics remained static, and if not, assessed the degree of changes for some commonly used census variables across census tracts in New York State (NYS) exclusive of New York City (NYC) between 1990 and 2000.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Changes in population characteristics and their implication on public health research

Coles

O’Campo

et al. 2007

Epidemiol Perspect Innov

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Population estimates are generally drawn from one point in time to study disease trends over time; changes in population characteristics over time are usually not assessed and included in the study design. We evaluated whether population characteristics remained static and assessed the degree of population shifts over time. The analysis was based on the New York State 1990 and 2000 census data with adjustments for changes in geographic boundaries. Differences in census tract information were quantified by calculating the mean, median, standard deviation, and the percent of change for each population characteristic. Between 1990 and 2000, positive and negative fluctuations in population size created a U-shaped bimodal pattern of population change which increased the disparities in demographics and socioeconomic status for many census tracts. While 268 (10%) census tracts contracted by 10%, twice as many census tracts (21%, N = 557) grew at least 10%. Notably, the non-Hispanic African-American population grew 10% or more in 152 tracts. Although there were overall reductions in working class and undereducated populations and gains in incomes, most census tracts experienced growing income inequalities and an increased poverty rate. These changes were most pronounced in urban census tracts. Differences in population characteristics in a decade showed growing disparities in demographics and socioeconomic status. This study elucidates that important population shifts should be taken into account when conducting longitudinal research.

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