Changes in the adhesive properties of dissociated and reaggregated <i>Xenopus laevis</i> embryo cells

Kuroda, Hiroki; Sakumoto, Hirofumi; Kinoshita, Kentaro; Asashima, Makoto

doi:10.1046/j.1440-169x.1999.413428.x

Cited by 18 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…We demonstrated that, when cells treated with activin A were mixed with untreated cells, the activin A-treated (1 ng/ml) cells concentrated in a central mass of the aggregates and they effectively formed notochord (Kuroda et al, 2002, Kuroda et al, 1999. Therefore, we further hypothesized that it would be possible to reproduce jaw effectively in vitro using activin A and dissociated animal cap cells and jaw induction would lead to tooth formation.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 94%

Induction of tooth and eye by transplantation of activin A-treated, undifferentiated presumptive ectodermal Xenopus cells into the abdomen

Myoishi¹,

Furue²,

Fukui³

et al. 2004

Int. J. Dev. Biol.

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Activin A can induce the Xenopus presumptive ectoderm (animal cap) to form different types of mesoderm and endoderm at different concentrations and the animal cap treated with activin can function as an organizer during early development. The dissociated Xenopus animal cap cells treated with activin form an aggregate and it develops into various tissues in vitro. In this study, to induce jaw cartilage from undifferentiated cells effectively, we developed a culture method to manipulate body patterning in vitro, using activin A and dissociated animal cap cells. An aggregate consisting only of activin A-treated dissociated cells developed into endodermal tissues. However, when activin A-treated cells were mixed with untreated cells at a ratio of 1:5, the aggregate developed cartilage with the maxillofacial regional marker genes, goosecoid, Xenopus Distal-less 4 and X-Hoxa2. When this aggregate was transplanted into the abdominal region of host embryos, maxillofacial structures containing cartilage and eye developed. We raised these embryos to adulthood and found that tooth germ had developed in the transplanted tissue. Here, we show the induction of jaw cartilage, tooth germ and eye structures from animal caps using activin A in the aggregation culture method. This differentiation system will help to promote a better understanding of the regulating mechanisms of body patterning and tooth induction in vertebrates.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 94%

Induction of tooth and eye by transplantation of activin A-treated, undifferentiated presumptive ectodermal Xenopus cells into the abdomen

Myoishi¹,

Furue²,

Fukui³

et al. 2004

Int. J. Dev. Biol.

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“…2000). Treatment of blastula animal cap cells of Xenopus with increasing levels of activin leads to sequential differentiation of muscle, then notochord and finally endoderm (Kuroda et al . 1999).…”

Section: Number Of Cell Cycles Regulates Germ Layer Determinationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Somatic H1 histone accumulation and germ layer determination in amphibian embryos

Flickinger¹

2006

Dev Growth Differ

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The induction of mesoderm and/or endoderm from prospective ectoderm and dorsalization of the marginal zone mesoderm may be linked to inhibition of cell cycling and DNA synthesis in early amphibian embryos. In turn, this may lead to reduction of somatic H1 histone accumulation. A greater number of cell cycles and rounds of DNA synthesis characterizes the induction of neural tissue. This is correlated with an increase of somatic H1 histone accumulation. The number of rounds of DNA replication may regulate the level of H1 histone accumulation and this may have a role in germ layer determination.

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“…Total RNA was prepared from dissociated and reaggregated animal cap cells that had been treated with activin to exclusively induce notochord cells in vitro as previously shown by Kuroda et al (Asashima et al 1990;Kuroda et al 1999). The cDNA library was constructed using the SMART PCR cDNA library construction kit (Clontech Laboratories, Palo Alto, CA, USA).…”

Section: Screening and Cloningmentioning

confidence: 99%

XBtg2 is required for notochord differentiation during early Xenopus development

Sugimoto¹,

Hayata²,

Asashima³

2005

Dev Growth Differ

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The notochord is essential for normal vertebrate development, serving as both a structural support for the embryo and a signaling source for the patterning of adjacent tissues. Previous studies on the notochord have mostly focused on its formation and function in early organogenesis but gene regulation in the differentiation of notochord cells itself remains poorly defined. In the course of screening for genes expressed in developing notochord, we have isolated Xenopus homolog of Btg2 (XBtg2). The mammalian Btg2 genes, Btg2/PC3/TIS21, have been reported to have multiple functions in the regulation of cell proliferation and differentiation but their roles in early development are still unclear. Here we characterized XBtg2 in early Xenopus laevis embryogenesis with focus on notochord development. Translational inhibition of XBtg2 resulted in a shortened and bent axis phenotype and the abnormal structures in the notochord tissue, which did not undergo vacuolation. The XBtg2-depleted notochord cells expressed early notochord markers such as chordin and Xnot at the early tailbud stage, but failed to express differentiation markers of notochord such as Tor70 and 5-D-4 antigens in the later stages. These results suggest that XBtg2 is required for the differentiation of notochord cells such as the process of vacuolar formation after determination of notochord cell fate.

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Changes in the adhesive properties of dissociated and reaggregated Xenopus laevis embryo cells

Cited by 18 publications

References 21 publications

Induction of tooth and eye by transplantation of activin A-treated, undifferentiated presumptive ectodermal Xenopus cells into the abdomen

Induction of tooth and eye by transplantation of activin A-treated, undifferentiated presumptive ectodermal Xenopus cells into the abdomen

Somatic H1 histone accumulation and germ layer determination in amphibian embryos

XBtg2 is required for notochord differentiation during early Xenopus development

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