Changes in testosterone mediate the effect of winning on subsequent aggressive behaviour

A comparison of salivary testosterone measurement using immunoassays and tandem mass spectrometry

“…This systematic error in EIAs for assessing women's testosterone may inflate type 2 errors by obscuring behavioral and psychological effects of testosterone that could be assessed with relatively decreased measurement error in men. In retrospect, it is possible that psychological and behavioral effects and correlates of testosterone identified in men but not women by EIAs (e.g., Stanton et al, 2009;Carré et al, 2013) may have been influenced by this elevated systematic bias for testosterone EIAs in women.…”

Testosterone administration does not affect men's rejections of low ultimatum game offers or aggressive mood

“…A popular alternative measure in studies of aggression in humans is the Point Subtraction Aggression Paradigm (PSAP) (Pope et al, 2000;Carré and McCormick, 2008;Carré et al, 2009Carré et al, , 2013Carré et al, , 2016. In this task, subjects can sacrifice their own points in order to reduce the points of an opponent who has previously stolen points from them.…”

Testosterone Is High among Young Black Men with Little Education

“…Males produce far higher levels of T than females, their relevant organs are different, and T plays different roles in the development of each sex from the embryonic stage onward. Nonetheless, it remains uncertain whether the relationship between T and dominance is primarily a male mechanism or works in females too (e.g., Carré et al, 2013;Edwards and Castro, 2013). In the present study, at least, the sexes differ because the very high T seen among young black men with low education does not occur among young black women with low education.…”

“…Studies show little if any direct link between high T and physical aggressiveness, but T may play an indirect role. In many settings, men's circulating T is correlated with dominant behavior, criminal deviance, and a propensity to compete in status interactions such as those described by Anderson (Booth and Osgood, 1993;Mazur and Booth, 1998;Mazur, 2005;Mehta and Josephs, 2006;Carré et al, 2013).…”

“…However, there is good evidence that high T promotes assertive, leader-like, and antisocial behavior, encouraging young men to engage in dominance contests to determine superior rank in a group's status hierarchy (Booth and Osgood, 1993;Mazur and Booth, 1998;Mehta and Josephs, 2006;Burnham, 2007;Carré et al, 2011Carré et al, , 2013.…”