Changes in T-Cell and Monocyte PhenotypesIn VitrobySchistosoma mansoniAntigens in Cutaneous Leishmaniasis Patients

Abstract

High levels of proinflammatory cytokines such as IFN-γ and TNF are associated with tissue lesions in cutaneous leishmaniasis (CL). We previously demonstrated that Schistosoma mansoni antigens downmodulate the in vitro cytokine response in CL. In the current study we evaluated whether S. mansoni antigens alter monocyte and T-lymphocyte phenotypes in leishmaniasis. Peripheral blood mononuclear cells of CL patients were cultured with L. braziliensis antigen in the presence or absence of the S. mansoni antigens rSm29, rSmTSP-2- and PIII. Cells were stained with fluorochrome conjugated antibodies and analyzed by flow cytometry. The addition of rSm29 to the cultures decreased the expression of HLA-DR in nonclassical (CD14+CD16++) monocytes, while the addition of PIII diminished the expression of this molecule in classical (CD14++CD16−) and intermediate (CD14++CD16+) monocytes. The addition of PIII and rSmTSP-2 resulted in downmodulation of CD80 expression in nonclassical and CD86 expression in intermediate monocytes, respectively. These two antigens increased the expression of CTLA-4 in CD4+ T cells and they also expanded the frequency of CD4+CD25highFoxp3+ T cells. Taken together, we show that S. mansoni antigens, mainly rSmTSP-2 and PIII, are able to decrease the activation status of monocytes and also to upregulate the expression of modulatory molecules in T lymphocytes.

Susceptibility of dendritic cells from individuals with schistosomiasis to infection by Leishmania braziliensis

“…There was no difference between the two groups of patients regarding CD4 + lymphocytes expressing CD25 low or CD25 high . Bafica et al showed an increase in CD4 + T lymphocytes expressing CTLA-4 in PBMCs from patients with CL when stimulated with Schistosoma mansoni antigens (Bafica et al, 2012). …”

Dendritic Cell Profile Induced bySchistosoma mansoniAntigen in Cutaneous Leishmaniasis Patients

“…or its products protects against the development of Th1 and Th2 mediated diseases as reviewed by Khan and Fallon (2013) and Elliott et al (2007) [ 24 , 25 ]. We have studied the relationship between inflammatory diseases and schistosomiasis in an attempt to characterize the ability of S. mansoni antigens to modulate the inflammatory process associated with immune-based diseases, such as asthma [ 11 , 13 ], HTLV-1 [ 7 ], and leishmaniasis [ 9 , 10 ]. We are currently interested in characteristics of parasite antigens with modulatory properties, able to downmodulate the inflammatory process in CL patients.…”

A double edged sword: Schistosoma mansoni Sm29 regulates both Th1 and Th2 responses in inflammatory mucosal diseases

“…In another study with a different cohort, we observed that Sm29 caused a decrease in HLA-DR expression in monocytes from cutaneous leishmaniasis patients after SLA stimulation which may interfere with antigen presentation during infection, reducing the magnitude of the immune response. 3 However, the effect of MHC class II expression in regulation of inflammatory responses in CL patients requires further investigation. As DCs are critical to orchestrate the initial immune response during leishmaniasis, we tested the ability of Sm29 to modify DCs activation profile.…”

“…1,2 On the other hand, evidence reveals that S. mansoni and other helminths downregulate inflammatory responses in immune-mediated mucosal diseases. [3][4][5][6] Fortunately, the control of the host inflammatory response appears not to be strictly dependent on parasite infection, but can be extended to pathogenderived antigens, 3,[5][6][7] suggesting that some S. mansoni molecules are useful weapons to control inflammation.…”

“…Among them, Sm29 (Genbank acession number AAC98911.1) has been studied as a potential immunoregulatory molecule. [3][4][5]11 Sm29 is a membrane-bound glycoprotein found on S. mansoni tegument that seems to be important in the surface biology of this parasite. 11 Sm29 amino acid sequence shows homology to some unknown S. japonicum proteins: SJCHGC03008, SJCHGC05668, SJCHGC05578, and SJCHGC02532 (53, 53, 49, and 37% identity, respectively).…”