Changes in sulfate deposition in eastern USA following implementation of Phase I of Title IV of the Clean Air Act Amendments of 1990

Lynch, James A.; Bowersox, Van C.; Grimm, Jeffrey W.

doi:10.1016/s1352-2310(99)00426-4

Cited by 108 publications

(54 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…These forms of legislation have significantly reduced the atmospheric sulfur burden over land in North America and Europe (e.g., Lynch et al, 2000;Malm et al, 2002;Vestreng et al, 2007). Unlike terrestrial SO 2 emissions, ship emissions were for a long period excluded from international environmental agreements.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Attribution of atmospheric sulfur dioxide over the English Channel to dimethyl sulfide and changing ship emissions

et al. 2016

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Abstract. Atmospheric sulfur dioxide (SO 2 ) was measured continuously from the Penlee Point Atmospheric Observatory (PPAO) near Plymouth, United Kingdom, between May 2014 and November 2015. This coastal site is exposed to marine air across a wide wind sector. The predominant southwesterly winds carry relatively clean background Atlantic air. In contrast, air from the southeast is heavily influenced by exhaust plumes from ships in the English Channel as well as near Plymouth Sound. A new International Maritime Organization (IMO) regulation came into force in January 2015 to reduce the maximum allowed sulfur content in ships' fuel 10-fold in sulfur emission control areas such as the English Channel. Our observations suggest a 3-fold reduction in shipemitted SO 2 from 2014 to 2015. Apparent fuel sulfur content calculated from coincidental SO 2 and carbon dioxide (CO 2 ) peaks from local ship plumes show a high level of compliance to the IMO regulation (> 95 %) in both years (∼ 70 % of ships in 2014 were already emitting at levels below the 2015 cap). Dimethyl sulfide (DMS) is an important source of atmospheric SO 2 even in this semi-polluted region. The relative contribution of DMS oxidation to the SO 2 burden over the English Channel increased from about one-third in 2014 to about one-half in 2015 due to the reduction in ship sulfur emissions. Our diel analysis suggests that SO 2 is removed from the marine atmospheric boundary layer in about half a day, with dry deposition to the ocean accounting for a quarter of the total loss.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Attribution of atmospheric sulfur dioxide over the English Channel to dimethyl sulfide and changing ship emissions

et al. 2016

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“…These syntheses have found that there is a wide range of atmospheric deposition of S among sites that is a direct function of spatial patterns of SO 2 emissions. Also, the longterm temporal patterns of S deposition have been clearly linked to historical changes in SO 2 emissions (Driscoll et al , 2001Lynch et al 2000;Butler et al 2001;Likens et al 2001Likens et al , 2002. Sulfate losses in drainage waters exceed estimated atmospheric inputs for most studies that have calculated watershed S budgets in southeastern Canada (Houle and Carignan 1995;Houle et al 1997;Beall et al 2001;Eimers and Dillon 2002;Eimers and Houle 2005;Duchesne and Houle 2006) and the northeastern US (Likens and Bormann 1995;Driscoll et al 1998;Likens et al 2002;Park et al 2003).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparisons of watershed sulfur budgets in southeast Canada and northeast US: new approaches and implications

et al. 2010

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“…However, S deposition has declined markedly since monitoring began in Parsons, from a high of >50 kg S ha -1 yr -1 in wet deposition to a current level of approximately 28 kg S ha -1 yr -1 , nearly a 45% decrease. Note that while such declines have been recorded at most monitoring stations in the northeastern United States (Hedin et al 1994, Lynch et al 2000, suggesting some success in regulating emissions, SO 4 deposition is still greater at the FEF than for either Hubbard Brook Experimental Forest, or Coweeta Hydrologic Laboratory, two other Appalachian sites (Fig. 7-4).…”

Section: Inputsmentioning

confidence: 81%

Acidification and Nutrient Cycling

Adams

Peterjohn

Gilliam

2006

Environmental Pollution

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Changes in sulfate deposition in eastern USA following implementation of Phase I of Title IV of the Clean Air Act Amendments of 1990

Cited by 108 publications

References 17 publications

Attribution of atmospheric sulfur dioxide over the English Channel to dimethyl sulfide and changing ship emissions

Attribution of atmospheric sulfur dioxide over the English Channel to dimethyl sulfide and changing ship emissions

Comparisons of watershed sulfur budgets in southeast Canada and northeast US: new approaches and implications

Acidification and Nutrient Cycling

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