Changes in streambank erodibility and critical shear stress due to subaerial processes along a headwater stream, southwestern Virginia, USA

Wynn, T. M.; Henderson, Marc; Vaughan, D. H.

doi:10.1016/j.geomorph.2007.08.010

Cited by 90 publications

(82 citation statements)

References 31 publications

(52 reference statements)

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“…When compared to other studies [13,29,[48][49][50], less variability in erodibility parameters was observed along FC-FM and FC-WC. In addition, soil physical properties, percent sand, silt and clay, d 50 , and BD within the Fort Cobb watershed, exhibited less variation than soil properties in most of the other studies.…”

Section: Variability Of Erodibility Parameterscontrasting

confidence: 75%

“…As suggested by previous research [13,29,[48][49][50], variability observed in erodibility parameters can be attributed to soil heterogeneity and subaerial processes. When compared to other studies [13,29,[48][49][50], less variability in erodibility parameters was observed along FC-FM and FC-WC.…”

Section: Variability Of Erodibility Parametersmentioning

confidence: 54%

“…In addition, no significant difference between sites along IL-BF or IL-IR at α = 0.05 was observed (p = 0.084 to 0.317). Previous studies have also shown no variations between sites along the same stream [28,29]. Ideally, a longitudinal trend could be used to extrapolate JET results to other sites where erodibility was not measured to minimize the number of JETs needed to adequately characterize the erodibility along an entire stream system.…”

Section: Longitudinal Trendsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Wynn et al [29] performed JETs at six sites along Stroubles Creek in Virginia and observed four orders of magnitude variation in k d , but only one order of magnitude variation in τ c . The same soil was tested in a laboratory setting where it was packed to a consistent bulk density and moisture content.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Watershed Variability in Streambank Erodibility and Implications for Erosion Prediction

Enlow

Fox

Guertault

2017

Water

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Abstract:Two fluvial erosion models are commonly used to simulate the erosion rate of cohesive soils: the empirical excess shear stress model and the mechanistic Wilson model. Both models include two soil parameters, the critical shear stress (τ c ) and the erodibility coefficient (k d ) for the excess shear stress model and b 0 and b 1 for the Wilson model. Jet erosion tests (JETs) allow for in-situ determination of these parameters. JETs were completed at numerous sites along two streams in each the Illinois River and Fort Cobb Reservoir watersheds. The objectives were to use JET results from these streambank tests to investigate variability of erodibility parameters on the watershed scale and investigate longitudinal trends in streambank erodibility. The research also determined the impact of this variability on lateral retreat predicted by a process-based model using both the excess shear stress model and the Wilson model. Parameters derived from JETs were incorporated into a one-dimensional process-based model to simulate bank retreat for one stream in each watershed. Erodibility parameters varied by two to five and one to two orders of magnitude in the Illinois River watershed and Fort Cobb Reservoir watershed, respectively. Less variation was observed in predicted retreat by a process-based model compared to the input erodibility parameters. Uncalibrated erodibility parameters and simplified applied shear stress estimates failed to match observed lateral retreats suggesting the need for model calibration and/or advanced flow modeling.

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Section: Variability Of Erodibility Parameterscontrasting

confidence: 75%

Section: Variability Of Erodibility Parametersmentioning

confidence: 54%

Section: Longitudinal Trendsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Watershed Variability in Streambank Erodibility and Implications for Erosion Prediction

Enlow

Fox

Guertault

2017

Water

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“…This means that the sediment yield predicted by PESERA-PEAT is a lumped version of erosion caused by both hillslope and channel processes such as rill, interill and stream bank erosion. This was a compromise due to the lack of long-term peatland hillslope erosion measurements, although the suitability of such a simplification is supported by previous erosion studies on blanket peatlands and other soil systems (Evans and Warburton, 2007;Wynn et al, 2008). Further work is also required to include wind erosion processes within PESERA-PEAT in the future so that both fluvial and wind erosion driven changes can be evaluated together.…”

Section: Limitations Of Climate Projections and Modelling Approachmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prediction of blanket peat erosion across Great Britain under environmental change

Holden

Irvine

2015

Climatic Change

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A recently developed fluvial erosion model for blanket peatlands, PESERA-PEAT, was applied at ten sites across Great Britain to predict the response of blanket peat erosion to environmental change. Climate change to 2099 was derived from seven UKCP09 future projections and the UK Met Office's historical dataset. Land management scenarios were established based on outputs from earlier published investigations. Modelling results suggested that as climate changes, the response of blanket peat erosion will be spatially very variable across Great Britain. Both relative changes and absolute values of sediment yield were predicted to be higher in southern and eastern areas than in western and northern parts of Great Britain, peaking in the North York Moors of eastern England. Areas with high precipitation and low temperature were predicted to have low relative erosion changes and absolute sediment yield. The model suggested that summer desiccation may become more important for blanket peat erosion under future climate change, and that temperature was more dominant than precipitation in controlling long-term blanket peat erosion change. However, in the North York Moors, precipitation appeared to be more dominant in driving long-term erosion change. Land management measures were shown to provide a means to mitigate against the impacts of climate change on blanket peat erosion.

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Dynamic linear models to explore time‐varying suspended sediment‐discharge rating curves

Ahn

Yellen

2017

Water Resources Research

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This study presents a new method to examine long-term dynamics in sediment yield using time-varying sediment-discharge rating curves. Dynamic linear models (DLMs) are introduced as a time series filter that can assess how the relationship between streamflow and sediment concentration or load changes over time in response to a wide variety of natural and anthropogenic watershed disturbances or long-term changes. The filter operates by updating parameter values using a recursive Bayesian design that responds to 1 day-ahead forecast errors while also accounting for observational noise. The estimated time series of rating curve parameters can then be used to diagnose multiscale (daily-decadal) variability in sediment yield after accounting for fluctuations in streamflow. The technique is applied in a case study examining changes in turbidity load, a proxy for sediment load, in the Esopus Creek watershed, part of the New York City drinking water supply system. The results show that turbidity load exhibits a complex array of variability across time scales. The DLM highlights flood event-driven positive hysteresis, where turbidity load remained elevated for months after large flood events, as a major component of dynamic behavior in the rating curve relationship. The DLM also produces more accurate 1 day-ahead loading forecasts compared to other static and time-varying rating curve methods. The results suggest that DLMs provide a useful tool for diagnosing changes in sediment-discharge relationships over time and may help identify variability in sediment concentrations and loads that can be used to inform dynamic water quality management. log Q s 5 b 0 1 b 1 log Q w 1e (1) or, expressed in the power-law formulation: Key Points: Dynamic linear models (DLMs) are proposed to model time-varying discharge-suspended sediment relationships DLMs are capable of representing changes to sediment yield from abrupt disturbances to a watershed An application in a mountainous watershed in New York reveals interesting flood-induced positive hysteresis in sediment yield

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Changes in streambank erodibility and critical shear stress due to subaerial processes along a headwater stream, southwestern Virginia, USA

Cited by 90 publications

References 31 publications

Watershed Variability in Streambank Erodibility and Implications for Erosion Prediction

Watershed Variability in Streambank Erodibility and Implications for Erosion Prediction

Prediction of blanket peat erosion across Great Britain under environmental change

Dynamic linear models to explore time‐varying suspended sediment‐discharge rating curves

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