Changes in small intestinal nutrient transport and barrier function after lipopolysaccharide exposure in two pig breeds1

Abstract

Specific pig breeds with unique characteristics have been developed, and the current study sought to characterize some of these differences. Using modified Ussing chambers, electrophysiological mucosal transport of D-glucose, L-Gln, L-Pro, L-Arg, L-Thr, and glycylsarcosine was assessed in small intestinal tissues (duodenum, jejunum, ileum) taken from Yorkshire-based hybrid (BW = 142.4 +/- 2.0 kg; mean age = 8 mo) and Meishan (BW = 65.8 +/- 0.8 kg; mean age = 6 mo) female pigs after 4 h of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) exposure. Gilts were randomly assigned to control (saline infusion; n = 6 Yorkshires, n = 5 Meishans) or LPS (n = 7 Yorkshires, n = 5 Meishans) groups. Therefore, treatments were arranged in a 2 (breed) x 2 (LPS infusion) factorial. Four hours after infusions, pigs were euthanized, and intestinal segment samples were removed. Glucose transport in the ileum was decreased (P < 0.001) in Yorkshires with LPS but was increased (P < 0.001) by over 2-fold in Meishans with LPS. After LPS infusion, Pro transport was increased in duodenum (over 5-fold; P = 0.04) and ileum (over 10-fold; P < 0.001) of Meishans but was unaffected in Yorkshires. Arginine transport in the ileum of control Meishans was greater (P = 0.05) than Arg transport in control Yorkshires. Glycylsarcosine transport was greater (P = 0.02) in Meishans than Yorkshires (nearly 2-fold), regardless of LPS provision. Glycylsarcosine transport was increased (P = 0.003) over 2-fold by LPS, regardless of pig breed. Resistance (barrier function) was increased (P = 0.03) by LPS in Yorkshires but was unaffected in Meishans. The current study indicates that small intestinal function responded differently to LPS in Yorkshire and Meishan gilts and that these effects were nutrient- and segment-dependent.

Short-term exposure to heat stress attenuates appetite and intestinal integrity in growing pigs1

“…This similarly fits with our data as we see greater permeability at 6 h in the ileum compared to colon. The magnitude of the TER change we observed was somewhat similar to a previous study in large size pigs (Albin et al, 2007). Histologically, as little as 30 min of severe HS (41.5-42°C) has been shown to cause sloughing of villi tips and, by 60 min, entire epithelial sheets sloughing as well as denuded villi in rodents (Lambert et al, 2002).…”

Dietary soy isoflavone attenuated growth performance and intestinal barrier functions in weaned piglets challenged with lipopolysaccharide

“…It has been demonstrated that the altered intestinal permeability reflecting intestine barrier integrity was associated with LPS challenge in pigs [34]. LPS-induced lung inflammation was also demonstrated to be associated with increased epithelial permeability in rats [35].…”

Nutritional Factors Influencing Intestinal Health of the Neonate

“…The decrease in NO production contributes to the decrease in superior mesenteric blood flow in the piglets and induction of mucosal atrophy (31). Arg supplementation effectively improves intestinal barrier function and vascular development in adult pigs (32), and many rodent models have demonstrated increased intestinal recovery after ischemia-reperfusion injury when Arg is supplemented (33,34). Puiman et al (35) demonstrated that partial EN does increase blood flow compared with TPN-fed piglets, but enteral physiological or pharmacological doses of Arg do not increase superior mesenteric artery blood flow.…”