Changes in sleep theta rhythm are related to episodic memory impairment in early Alzheimer's disease

Hot, Pascal; Rauchs, Géraldine; Bertran, Françoise; Denise, Pierre; Desgranges, Béatrice; Clochon, Patrice; Eustache, Francis

doi:10.1016/j.biopsycho.2011.04.002

Cited by 46 publications

(35 citation statements)

References 59 publications

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“…In particular, REM sleep favors the consolidation of the encoding context associated to the items (Rauchs et al, 2004). In addition, several studies indicate that sleep-dependent consolidation of episodic memories may be altered in older adults (Harand et al, 2012 for review) and we also reported correlations between sleep parameters and episodic memory performance in mild AD patients (Rauchs et al, 2008; Hot et al, 2011). Retention of recent personal episodic memories (e.g., memories of a recent conversation with a relative) was probed after sleep or an equivalent period of wakefulness in older adults (Aly and Moscovitch, 2010), but this issue has never been addressed in AD patients.…”

Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 68%

Retrieval of Recent Autobiographical Memories is Associated with Slow-Wave Sleep in Early AD

Rauchs¹,

Piolino²,

Bertran³

et al. 2013

Front. Behav. Neurosci.

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Autobiographical memory is commonly impaired in Alzheimer’s disease (AD). However, little is known about the very recent past which is though highly important in daily life adaptation. In addition, the impact of sleep disturbances, also frequently reported in AD, on the consolidation, and retrieval of autobiographical memories remains to be assessed. Using an adaptation of the TEMPau task, we investigated the neural substrates of autobiographical memory for recent events and the potential relationship with sleep in 14 patients with mild AD. On day 1, autobiographical memory was explored across three periods: remote (18–30 years), the last 2 years and the last month. After testing, sleep was recorded using polysomnography. The next day, AD patients benefited a resting-state 18FDG-PET scan and a second exploration of autobiographical memory, focusing on the very recent past (today and yesterday). Total recall and episodic recall scores were obtained. In addition, for all events recalled, Remember responses justified by specific factual, spatial, and temporal details were measured using the Remember/Know paradigm. Retrieval of autobiographical memories was impaired in AD, but recall of young adulthood and very recent events was relatively better compared to the two intermediate periods. Recall of recent events (experienced the day and the day preceding the assessment) was correlated with brain glucose consumption in the precuneus and retrosplenial cortex, the calcarine region, the angular gyrus, and lateral temporal areas. AD patients also provided more Justified Remember responses for events experienced the previous-day than for those experienced the day of the assessment. Moreover, Justified Remember responses obtained for events experienced before sleep were positively correlated with the amount of slow-wave sleep. These data provide the first evidence of an association between the ability to retrieve recent autobiographical memories and sleep in mild AD patients.

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Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 68%

Retrieval of Recent Autobiographical Memories is Associated with Slow-Wave Sleep in Early AD

Rauchs¹,

Piolino²,

Bertran³

et al. 2013

Front. Behav. Neurosci.

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“…However, the overnight reduction in amygdala activation in response to emotional pictures presented before and after sleep was correlated with gamma rather than theta activity during intervening REM sleep (1231). In patients with Alzheimer's disease, theta activity during not only REM but also SWS was faster compared with age-matched controls, and fast theta activity correlated with better overnight memory formation (572).…”

Section: Theta Activitymentioning

confidence: 98%

About Sleep's Role in Memory

Rasch

Born

2013

Physiological Reviews

2,218

2,026

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Over more than a century of research has established the fact that sleep benefits the retention of memory. In this review we aim to comprehensively cover the field of "sleep and memory" research by providing a historical perspective on concepts and a discussion of more recent key findings. Whereas initial theories posed a passive role for sleep enhancing memories by protecting them from interfering stimuli, current theories highlight an active role for sleep in which memories undergo a process of system consolidation during sleep. Whereas older research concentrated on the role of rapid-eye-movement (REM) sleep, recent work has revealed the importance of slow-wave sleep (SWS) for memory consolidation and also enlightened some of the underlying electrophysiological, neurochemical, and genetic mechanisms, as well as developmental aspects in these processes. Specifically, newer findings characterize sleep as a brain state optimizing memory consolidation, in opposition to the waking brain being optimized for encoding of memories. Consolidation originates from reactivation of recently encoded neuronal memory representations, which occur during SWS and transform respective representations for integration into long-term memory. Ensuing REM sleep may stabilize transformed memories. While elaborated with respect to hippocampus-dependent memories, the concept of an active redistribution of memory representations from networks serving as temporary store into long-term stores might hold also for non-hippocampus-dependent memory, and even for nonneuronal, i.e., immunological memories, giving rise to the idea that the offline consolidation of memory during sleep represents a principle of long-term memory formation established in quite different physiological systems.

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“…However, as AD progresses the damage to the neuronal pathways that initiate and maintain sleep become more pronounced and lead to increased problems with sleep [89,92,93]. For example, AD patients show increased theta activity during non-rapid eye movement sleep [94]. Such changes in sleep can destabilize both physiological processes, such as immune function, and impact on cognitive processes, such as memory (Fig.…”

Section: Sleepmentioning

confidence: 99%

Can Better Management of Periodontal Disease Delay the Onset and Progression of Alzheimer’s Disease?

Harding

Robinson

Crean

et al. 2017

JAD

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A risk factor relationship exists between periodontal disease and Alzheimer's disease (AD) via tooth loss, and improved memory following dental intervention. This links the microbial contribution from indigenous oral periodontal pathogens to the manifestation of chronic conditions, such as AD. Here, we use Porphyromonas gingivalis infection to illustrate its effect on mental health. P. gingivalis infection, in its primary sub-gingival niche, can cause polymicrobial synergy and dysbiosis. Dysbiosis describes the residency of select commensals from the oral cavity following co-aggregation around the dominant keystone pathogen, such as P. gingivalis, to gain greater virulence. The initial process involves P. gingivalis disturbing neutrophil mediated innate immune responses in the healthy gingivae and then downregulating adaptive immune cell differentiation and development to invade, and subsequently, establish new dysbiotic bacterial communities. Immune responses affect the host in general and functionally via dietary adjustments caused by tooth loss. Studies from animals orally infected with P. gingivalis confirm this bacterium can transmigrate to distant organ sites (the brain) and contribute toward peripheral and intracerebral inflammation, and compromise vascular and microvascular integrity. In another study, P. gingivalis infection caused sleep pattern disturbances by altering glial cell light/dark molecular clock activity, and this, in turn, can affect the clearance of danger associated molecular patterns, such as amyloid-␤, via the glymphatic system. Since P. gingivalis can transmigrate to the brain and modulate organ-specific inflammatory innate and adaptive immune responses, this paper explores whether better management of indigenous periodontal bacteria could delay/prevent the onset and/or progression of dementia.

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Changes in sleep theta rhythm are related to episodic memory impairment in early Alzheimer's disease

Cited by 46 publications

References 59 publications

Retrieval of Recent Autobiographical Memories is Associated with Slow-Wave Sleep in Early AD

Retrieval of Recent Autobiographical Memories is Associated with Slow-Wave Sleep in Early AD

About Sleep's Role in Memory

Can Better Management of Periodontal Disease Delay the Onset and Progression of Alzheimer’s Disease?

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