Changes in serum interleukin-6 concentrations in obese children and adolescents during a weight reduction program

Abstract

OBJECTIVE:To investigate the effect of short term energy restriction combined with physical activity on serum concentrations of Interleukin-6 (IL-6) in obese children and adolescents. DESIGN: Longitudinal intervention study of 3.8 -5 MJ daily with exercise. SUBJECTS: Forty-nine white obese children and adolescents (31 girls, age 11.9 AE 1.8 y; 18 boys, age 11.6 AE 1.7 y). MEASUREMENTS: Indexes of obesity, IL-6, leptin, estradiol, systolic and diastolic blood pressure, heart rate at baseline and after 3 weeks. RESULTS: All determined parameters decreased significiantly during the 3 week program (IL-6: 3.9 AE 4.7 vs 2.0 AE 2.2 pg=ml; P < 0.05). Body mass index (BMI) fat mass, percentage fat mass (indexes of obesity), and leptin were not related to IL-6 before the program. In contrast, IL-6 concentrations correlated significantly with indexes of obesity and leptin after weight loss. IL-6 concentrations did not correlate with estradiol, systolic and diastolic blood pressure, and heart rate. Changes in IL-6 concentrations correlated significantly with changes in BMI (r ¼ 0.25, P < 0.05). CONCLUSION: An improved body composition induced by restriction of energy intake and increase in physical activity is associated with more favorable serum concentrations of IL-6 in obese children and adolescents.

Effect of diet-induced energy deficit and body fat reduction on high-sensitive CRP and other inflammatory markers in obese subjects

“…The level of obesity may therefore explain the missing acute reduction in IL-6, fibrinogen and partly hs-CRP, as the present participants were not morbidly obese and had no evidence of metabolic or systemic diseases. However, other studies with similar subject groups have observed significant acute reductions in hs-CRP, 15,[17][18][19][38][39][40] 15,17,39,[41][42][43] and fibrinogen 23,30,[44][45][46] at smaller and similar weight losses (4-20 kg). One explanation could be that the present study was underpowered to detect a significant change in the pro-inflammatory markers after weight reduction.…”

“…However, this hypothesis is not fully developed and cannot explain why the present findings diverge from those found in three similar 6 to 12-week study designs. 18,38,39 In a recent metaanalysis of 33 weight loss interventions, Selvin et al 43 concluded that there was a strong association between declines in body weight and hs-CRP level, and that weight reduction was an effective non-pharmacological strategy for lowering plasma hs-CRP. This study does not support this finding, as no correlation was found between reduction in hs-CRP and body weight or FM.…”

“…43 Change in lipid level during weight reduction and maintenance The concentration of total cholesterol and LDL-cholesterol was significantly reduced after both weight loss programs but increased significantly after both weight maintenance programs. However, all assessed serum levels were significantly decreased compared with baseline (Po0.05) ( Table 2).…”

Association between measures of insulin sensitivity and circulating levels of interleukin-8, interleukin-6 and tumor necrosis factor-alpha. Effect of weight loss in obese men

“…IL-6 and TNF-a are also produced and released from human adipose tissue (18,41), and the circulating levels have been found to be correlated with measures of obesity, insulin resistance and cardiovascular disease in many studies (10,16,19,20,42) but not in all (17,43). Another new finding in the present study was that plasma levels of TNF-a correlated with circulating levels of IL-6 and IL-8, which supports the hypothesis that TNF-a is a leader cytokine inducing the production and release of other cytokines (e.g.…”

Effect of Weight Loss on Markers of Inflammation and Endothelial Function in Childhood Obesity

“…Among these studies, Gong et al [19], Roberts et al [20], Rynders et al [21], Izadpanah et al [22], Garanty-Bogacka et al [23], Martos Moreno et al [24], Balagopal et al [25] and Gallistl et al [26] showed similar change in IL-6 levels after decrease of BMI. On the other side, Nemet et al [27], Roth et al [28], and Amati et al [29] found no significant change.…”