Changes in Selected Properties of Wood Caused by Gamma Radiation

Despot, Radovan; Hasan, Marin; Rapp, Andreas Otto; Brischke, Christian; Humar, Miha; Welzbacher, Christian; Ražem, Dušan

doi:10.5772/34860

Cited by 14 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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“…Because other established methods of wood sterilization (i.e. gas sterilization and gamma irradiation) also have consequences to the properties of wood (Despot et al., ; Smith, ), we chose a method for which we had verified efficacy. Second, our repeated sampling of wood sections at each time point may have disrupted the fungal community colonizing wood, potential removing established fungi and exposing a clean edge of the woody substrate.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ecological and functional effects of fungal endophytes on wood decomposition

et al. 2017

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Abstract1. Despite the central role of saprotrophic fungi in wood decomposition and terrestrial carbon cycling, the diversity and functioning of wood endophytes (i.e. fungi that asymptomatically colonize living plant tissue) on decay remains poorly understood.2. In a 4-year field experiment in a boreal forest in the upper midwestern United States, we investigated whether endophytes influenced fungal community structure and subsequent wood decomposition via priority effects. We compared decay of sterilized and non-sterilized birch (Betula papyrifera) logs using both highthroughput sequencing and wood physiochemical analyses (i.e. density loss, dilute alkali solubility, ratio of lignin loss relative to density loss).3. Endophyte presence significantly altered initial fungal species composition during the first 2 years and enhanced mass loss over the experiment's duration. Results suggest that following tree death the immediate utilization of organic substrates by wood endophytes significantly alters establishment patterns of later arriving fungal saprotrophs.4. Independent of endophyte presence, white rot was the wood decay outcome at all sampling times, despite an initial presence of both brown and white rot fungi. 5.Collectively, these findings demonstrate that wood endophytes can affect early community assembly and subsequent decay rates, although environmental filtering leads to consistent selection for fungi with lignin-targeted decay strategies. K E Y W O R D Sendophyte, fungal community, historical contingency, priority effects, wood decomposition

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ecological and functional effects of fungal endophytes on wood decomposition

et al. 2017

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“…On the other hand, the T s shift in the range exceeding 300 kGy would be due to degradation of crystalline structure. 8 At 500 kGy a higher solubility is obtained due to depolymerization and destruction of hemicellulose. The side-chain constituents of hemicelluloses (galactans) are affected sooner and to a greater extent than xylans or mannans that represent the primary backbone of the hemicelluloses.…”

Section: Waste Materials Cured and Modified By Using Gamma Radiationmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…Therefore, if the distance between particles is small enough, these zones join together and form a percolation network, which generates good adhesion between the cement matrix and the cellulose and in consequence an increment in the modulus of elasticity is obtained. 8 The compressive strength of concrete containing waste PET is shown in Figure 16.6. For nonirradiated concrete the values increase when PET concentration increases from 1.0 to 5.0 vol%.…”

Section: Irradiated Concrete Containing Waste and Recycled Materialsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Waste Materials Cured and Modified by Irradiating and their Use in Concrete

Martínez-Barrera

Gençel

2014

Photocured Materials

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In the present chapter we discuss the importance of using gamma radiation as a novel technology for structural and physicochemical modification of waste materials, including PET bottles, Tetra Pak packing containers and tire rubbers, and their use as reinforcements of concrete. As is known, it is not common to incorporate waste materials into concrete due to the incompatibility with the components of the concrete. Nevertheless, in the last decade many efforts by researchers and technicians have proven the capacity of waste and recycled materials when mixed with concrete, since for the construction industry, maintainability and sustainable improvement aims primarily to protect the environment.

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“…Moreover, changes on specific gravity and in the lattice constant are observed up to 1 MGy, as well as complete degradation of cellulose at 6.55 MGy. In the case of lignin no changes are observed up to 31.6 kGy and only 15% of degradation at 19 MGy is observed [19].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…One of the most important objectives is to obtain higher adhesion between fibers and the matrix [13][14][15][16][17][18]. The first investigations focused on the influence of gamma radiation on lignocellulose materials, in terms of increasing the solubility of insoluble high-polymerized sugars such as cellulose [19]. Some investigations focused on effects of gamma radiation on physicochemical properties of cellulose, and the results show that an increment of 25 kGy (in average) caused a loss of 1% in cellulose crystallinity in the dose range of 0-1 MGy.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Waste Cellulose from Tetra Pak Packages as Reinforcement of Cement Concrete

Martínez-Barrera

Dı́az

Cuevas-Yáñez

et al. 2015

Advances in Materials Science and Engineering

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The development of the packaging industry has promoted indiscriminately the use of disposable packing as Tetra Pak, which after a very short useful life turns into garbage, helping to spoil the environment. One of the known processes that can be used for achievement of the compatibility between waste materials and the environment is the gamma radiation, which had proved to be a good tool for modification of physicochemical properties of materials. The aim of this work is to study the effects of waste cellulose from Tetra Pak packing and gamma radiation on the mechanical properties of cement concrete. Concrete specimens were elaborated with waste cellulose at concentrations of 3, 5, and 7 wt% and irradiated at 200, 250, and 300 kGy of gamma dose. The results show highest improvement on the mechanical properties for concrete with 3 wt% of waste cellulose and irradiated at 300 kGy; such improvements were related with the surface morphology of fracture zones of cement concrete observed by SEM microscopy.

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Changes in Selected Properties of Wood Caused by Gamma Radiation

Cited by 14 publications

References 28 publications

Ecological and functional effects of fungal endophytes on wood decomposition

Ecological and functional effects of fungal endophytes on wood decomposition

Waste Materials Cured and Modified by Irradiating and their Use in Concrete

Waste Cellulose from Tetra Pak Packages as Reinforcement of Cement Concrete

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