Changes in RNA expression levels during antidepressant treatment: a systematic review

Recent developments in stress and anxiety research

“…As the HPA axis is closely interacting with the immune system, Rhein et al (2021) examined in their study the predicting role of the cytokine IL-6 on psychotherapy outcome in patients with PTSD, indicating that high reactivity of IL-6 to a stressor at the beginning of the therapy was associated with a negative therapy outcome. The review of Kyunghee Kim et al (2021) also demonstrated the critical role of immune pathways in the molecular changes due to antidepressant treatment. As for the therapy, the important role of cognitive-behavioral therapy with its key elements to address both stress and anxiety reduction have been shown in two studies in this special issue, evidencing its successful application in obsessive-compulsive disorder (Ivarsson et al 2021;Hollmann et al 2021).…”