Changes in right ventricular morphology and function in athletes

Koshy, Santosh; George, K.; George, Lekha K.

doi:10.1111/echo.14027

Cited by 4 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…Dosed physical activity during a standard functional Martin test did not cause a significant positive chronotropic effect, and the growth of MVB was provided mainly by an increase in SV, which is a manifestation of a high degree of functional reserves of the heart [1,4]. These reserves are due to increased heart rate (due to physiological hypertrophy of the left ventricular myocardium with a sufficient degree of capillarization) and physiological dilatation of the heart chambers, in particular, the left ventricle, which provides the required end-diastolic volume [2,12]. In our study, students with a normotonic type of response to the Martin test showed an increase in minute blood volume corresponding to the intensity of the load due to both an increase in SV and heart rate.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Comparative characteristics of changes in central hemodynamics during early recovery after different exercise regimes

et al. 2021

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The cardiovascular system is one of the most important functional systems of the body, which determine the level of physical performance of the body. Insufficient study of the response of the circulatory system to the combination of strength training with endurance exercises requires more detailed comparative studies of the impact of dynamic and static loads on the indicators of central hemodynamics. Accordingly, the aim of our study was to study the characteristics of the reaction of the cardiovascular system in the period of early recovery after dosed exercise of a dynamic and static nature. The study examined the response of the central hemodynamics of young men in the period of early recovery after dynamic loading (Martine functional test) and static loading (holding on the stand dynamometer DS-200 force with a power of 50% of maximum standing force). The change in circulatory system parameters was recorded using a tetrapolar thoracic impedance rheoplethysmogram on a computerized diagnostic complex “Cardio +”. It is established that the dynamic load in the period of early recovery does not cause a significant positive chronotropic effect, leads to a decrease in vascular resistance of blood flow, to an increase in pulse blood pressure. The increase in cardiac output is mainly due to the increase in stroke volume, which indicates a fairly high functional reserves of the heart. It is revealed that under conditions of static loading the reaction of central hemodynamics and the course of early recovery are radically different from the changes of indicators under dynamic loading. In persons with a normodynamic type of reaction to dynamic load, there are no significant changes in the minute volume of blood at a similar volume of active muscle mass static load. Meeting the metabolic needs of working skeletal muscles and compensating for the oxygen debt is realized by increasing the total peripheral vascular resistance and increasing systolic blood pressure in the postpartum period. The physiological meaning of this phenomenon is to maintain a sufficient level of venous return of blood to ensure the pumping function of the heart.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Comparative characteristics of changes in central hemodynamics during early recovery after different exercise regimes

et al. 2021

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“…In any individual, cardiac adaptations to exercise are influenced by several factors including training mode, intensity, duration and volume [1,3,19,[23][24][25][26]. Cardiac remodeling of the right ventricle in athletes was intensively investigated [6,10,[26][27][28][29][30][31][32] and different echocardiographic approaches were proposed to identify pathological changes [1,3,33]. However, so far, accepted reference values for athletes exist mainly for morphological echocardiographic measurements as highlighted in recent meta-analyses [28,32].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It is important to consider both morphological and functional RV adaptations to differentiate physiological from pathological remodeling and to understand the relatively constant pulmonary circulation coupling measures that ensure an optimal physiological coupling. Enlarged RV compared to the normal population has been demonstrated in different athletic cohorts and is particularly pronounced in endurance athletes [ 1 , 3 , 6 , 23 – 25 , 28 , 31 , 32 ]. In our study, all measured RV parameters were comparable to the published reference values for healthy male elite athletes [ 23 , 28 , 32 ] with similar age.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Normative values of non-invasively assessed RV function and pulmonary circulation coupling for pre-participation screening derived from 497 male elite athletes

Bauer

Tello

Kraushaar³

et al. 2022

Clin Res Cardiol

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Background Reference values for right ventricular function and pulmonary circulation coupling were recently established for the general population. However, normative values for elite athletes are missing, even though exercise-related right ventricular enlargement is frequent in competitive athletes. Methods We examined 497 healthy male elite athletes (age 26.1 ± 5.2 years) of mixed sports with a standardized transthoracic echocardiographic examination. Tricuspid annular plane excursion (TAPSE) and systolic pulmonary artery pressure (SPAP) were measured. Pulmonary circulation coupling was calculated as TAPSE/SPAP ratio. Two age groups were defined (18–29 years and 30–39 years) and associations of clinical parameters with the TAPSE/SPAP ratio were determined and compared for each group. Results Athletes aged 18–29 (n = 349, 23.8 ± 3.5 years) displayed a significantly lower TAPSE/SPAP ratio (1.23 ± 0.3 vs. 1.31 ± 0.33 mm/mmHg, p = 0.039), TAPSE/SPAP to body surface area (BSA) ratio (0.56 ± 0.14 vs. 0.6 ± 0.16 mm*m2/mmHg, p = 0.017), diastolic blood pressure (75.6 ± 7.9 vs. 78.8 ± 10.7 mmHg, p < 0.001), septal wall thickness (10.2 ± 1.1 vs. 10.7 ± 1.1 mm, p = 0.013) and left atrial volume index (27.5 ± 4.5 vs. 30.8 ± 4.1 ml/m2, p < 0.001), but a higher SPAP (24.2 ± 4.5 vs. 23.2 ± 4.4 mmHg, p = 0.035) compared to athletes aged 30–39 (n = 148, 33.1 ± 3.4 years). TAPSE was not different between the age groups. The TAPSE/SPAP ratio was positively correlated with left ventricular stroke volume (r = 0.133, p = 0.018) and training amount per week (r = 0.154, p = 0.001) and negatively correlated with E/E′ lat. (r = −0.152, p = 0.005). Conclusion The reference values for pulmonary circulation coupling determined in this study could be used to interpret and distinguish physiological from pathological cardiac remodeling in male elite athletes.

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“…The growth of MBV in young bodybuilders is a physiologically appropriate reaction of the cardiovascular system to static physical exertion, this phenomenon is a manifestation of a high degree of functional reserves of the heart. These reserves are caused by an increase in the force of heart contractions (due to physiological hypertrophy of the myocardium of the left ventricle with a sufficient degree of capillarization) and physiological dilatation of the chambers of the heart, in particular, the left ventricle, which provides the necessary end-diastolic volume [13,29].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Features of functional changes in blood vessels during the period of early recovery after static physical exercise

2022

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The cardiovascular system is one of the leading functional systems of the body, which ensure and maintain the proper level of physical performance of the body during physical exertion. Bodybuilding is one of the areas of sports activity in which taking into account the individual characteristics of the adaptation of the circulatory system to powerful muscle work of significant intensity is decisive for building an optimal training regimen. Anatomical and physiological remodeling of the heart as a result of regular sports leads to changes in the pumping function of the myocardium, as well as indicators of central and peripheral hemodynamics. Currently, there is a problem of insufficient study of the functional changes of blood vessels in response to a static regime of physical exertion in the early post-workout period. The purpose of the research is to study the characteristics of the reaction of blood vessels during the early recovery period after dosed physical exertion of a static nature. During the study, 34 young men were examined in the following groups: 1 group – persons engaged in bodybuilding; 2 group – young men engaged in fitness; 3 group – untrained persons. Maximum arbitrary static force was determined in all examined persons using a static dynamometer DS-500, static load was modeled by holding on a static dynamometer for 30 seconds an effort corresponding to 50 % of the maximum static force. Functional changes of blood vessels and central hemodynamics were registered by the method of tetrapolar thoracic impedance rheoplethysmography using the computerized diagnostic complex “Cardio+” (Ukraine). Statistical data processing was carried out using the computer program IBM SPSS Statistics (version 26), using non-parametric methods of evaluating the obtained results. It was established that static exercise in young bodybuilders leads to an increase in minute blood volume due to optimal physiological changes in central hemodynamic parameters. In persons engaged in fitness and in untrained young men, the minute volume of blood decreases and circulation conditions deteriorate immediately after exercise, which complicates the processes of rapid recovery after physical exercise in a static mode. A decrease in vascular resistance to blood flow with a simultaneous increase in minute blood volume was revealed immediately after static exercise in young bodybuilders compared to individuals engaged in fitness and untrained individuals. It was established that the circulatory system of young bodybuilders is most optimally adapted to static loads compared to persons engaged in fitness and untrained young men.

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Changes in right ventricular morphology and function in athletes

Cited by 4 publications

References 19 publications

Comparative characteristics of changes in central hemodynamics during early recovery after different exercise regimes

Comparative characteristics of changes in central hemodynamics during early recovery after different exercise regimes

Normative values of non-invasively assessed RV function and pulmonary circulation coupling for pre-participation screening derived from 497 male elite athletes

Features of functional changes in blood vessels during the period of early recovery after static physical exercise

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