Changes in rheumatoid arthritis under ultrasound before and after sinomenine injection

Abstract

BACKGROUND Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a prevalent clinical autoimmune disease that is commonly treated with diclofenac and methotrexate. In recent years, the application of traditional Chinese medicine in RA has received widespread attention; it promotes blood circulation, strengthens the immune system, and eliminates evil. The sinomenine preparation of Zhingqeng Fengtongning is studied as a possible treatment for patients with RA. AIM To explore the value of sinomenine injection into the articular cavity for the treatment of RA. METHODS A total of 94 patients with RA treated from January 2019 to January 2021 were selected and divided into the study and control groups with 47 patients each using a simple random number table method. Both groups received conventional treatment with diclofenac sodium and methotrexate tablets. The control group received diproxone and lidocaine by intra-articular administration while the study group received an intra-articular administration of the sinomenine preparation of Zhengqing Fengning and lidocaine. χ 2 test was used to evaluate the therapeutic effect and synovial thickness, degree of pain through the visual analog scale (VAS), blood flow grade, arthroinflammatory indexes [rheumatoid factor (RF), C-reactive protein (CRP), and erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR)] before and after treatment in the two groups. RESULTS The total effective rate of the study group (93.62%) was higher than that of the control group (78.72%) ( P < 0.05). Before treatment, there were no significant differences between the two groups in terms of synovial thickness, VAS score, blood flow grading, levels of RF, and ESR ( P > 0.05). After treatment, the synovial thickness and VAS score were significantly lower ( P < 0.05) in the study group than in the control group (2.05 ± 0.59 mm vs 2.87 ± 0.64 mm and 2.11 ± 0.62 vs 2.90 ± 0.79 scores, respectively). The rate of blood flow at grade 0 in the study group (76.60%) was higher than that in the control group (57.45%), and the rate of blood flow at grade I (10.64%) was lower than that in the control group (31.91%) ( P < 0.05). Furthermore, the levels of RF (55.61 ± 6.13 U/mL), CRP (11.43 ± 3.59 mg/L), and ESR (29.60 ± 5.56 mm/h) in the study group were lower than those in the control group (73.04 ± 9.23 U/mL, 15.07 ± 4.06 mg/L, 36.64 ± 6.10 mm/h, respectively) ( P < 0.05). CONCLUSION Sinomenine administration of Zhengqing Fengtongning in the articular cavity with conventional treatment of RA can improve ultrasonographic blood flow and synovial thickness, reduce pain, regulate inflammation, and enhance therapeutic effect.

Liquid chromatography‐mass spectrometry‐based strategy for systematic profiling of chemical components and associated quantitative analysis of quality markers in Qi‐Wei‐Tong‐Bi oral liquid

“…The cyclic dipeptide cyclo‐(Pro‐Tyr) is the characteristic component in PVW and has been reported to have significant anti‐RA activity in vitro, as shown by inhibiting the proliferation of MH7A cells with the IC 50 value of 5.28 ± 0.12 µmol·L −1 [49]. Sinomenine is listed as the quality indicator of SAS in the current Chinese Pharmacopeia and has been proved to have a significant effect on RA by alleviating inflammatory responses, inhibiting synovial hyperplasia, and reducing bone damage [50]. Additionally, sinomenine serves as the sole active pharmaceutical ingredient in another well‐accepted preparation in China, Zhengqing Fengtongning injection for the treatment of rheumatism and RA.…”

Efficacy and safety of sinomenine for diabetic kidney diseases: A meta-analysis

“…[ 14 , 19 – 21 ] The SIN content in the Chinese Pharmacopoeia should not be < 0.50%, [ 14 ] which means that at least 500 mg of SIN can be found in 1 kg of SC. Some studies have clarified that SIN has anti-inflammatory, [ 22 ] antitumor, [ 23 ] analgesic, [ 24 ] immune regulatory, [ 25 ] diuretic, [ 26 ] blood circulatory [ 27 ] and other pharmacological effects. Animal studies have shown that SIN enhances renal capillary blood flow, reduces proteinuria excretion, and protects against renal injury.…”

Machine learning and bioinformatics analysis to identify autophagy-related biomarkers in peripheral blood for rheumatoid arthritis

“…The global incidence of RA was estimated to be between 0.5% and 1% ( Catrina et al, 2017 ). Over the past few years, RA has emerged as a major cause contributing to disability ( Huang et al, 2022 ). Although our understanding of the pathogenesis of the disease has evolved tremendously, patients with RA continue to endure physical damage and psychological distress.…”