Changes in reproductive organs of male rats on exposure to hypoxia (6,060 m) and cold (−5°C). effects of cold-induced cryptorchidism

Riar, S. S.; Malhotra, Manu; Bhat, K. Shankar; Parshad, R K

doi:10.1007/bf01560094

Cited by 3 publications

(3 citation statements)

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“…Changes in reproductive organs of male rats exposure to hypoxia showed that there was an increase in ALP in the epididymis. The increase in these enzymes may be concerned with resorption and lysosomal action for quick disposal of enormous numbers of abnormal or dead spermatozoa found in the lumen of the epididymis (Riar et al, 1979). Increase in the ALP of testis and epididymis might have caused an unfavorable environment for the morphology of sperm and their survival (Akbarsha et al, 1990, Yakubu et al, 2007.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of lyophilized <i>Azadirachta indica</i> leaf powder on biochemical parameters of testis and epididymis in albino rats

Aladakatti¹,

Ghodesawar²,

Ahmed³

et al. 2010

International Journal of Biological and Chemical Sciences

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The aim of the present study was to investigate the effect of lyophilized A. indica leaf extract (125, 250 and 375 mg in suspension of 1 mL Propylene Glycol, respectively / kg body weight) on androgen-dependent biochemical parameters such as cholesterol and glycogen in the testis, total protein, total free sugar, enzymes like acid phosphatase (ACP), alkaline phosphatase (ALP) and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) in the testis and epididymis of both control and treated groups. Results indicated no significant difference in their body weight. However, testis and epididymis showed a significant decrease in their weights. The biochemical analysis showed a general decrease in the total protein content and the activity of ACP and, an increase in the total free sugar, glycogen, cholesterol contents and the activities of ALP and LDH in the dose-dependent treated rats. Since it is known that the accumulation of cholesterol and glycogen in the testis and epididymis are indicators of androgen deprivation. In this study such effects may have resulted from the deficiency in the level of circulating androgen, probably due to androgen deficiency resulting to the anti-androgenic property of the carbohydrate-rich nature of lyophilized A. indica leaf extract.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of lyophilized <i>Azadirachta indica</i> leaf powder on biochemical parameters of testis and epididymis in albino rats

Aladakatti¹,

Ghodesawar²,

Ahmed³

et al. 2010

International Journal of Biological and Chemical Sciences

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“…In addition to its effects on hormones, hypoxia also influences the biochemical composition of reproductive organs in male rats (testis, epididymis and vas deferens; Riar et al, 1979). This results in reduced gonad weight, epididymis secretory activity, and sperm quality in adult rats (Riar et al, 1979).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This results in reduced gonad weight, epididymis secretory activity, and sperm quality in adult rats (Riar et al, 1979). Female fishes living in a hypoxic environment, defined as having a dissolved oxygen (DO) concentration of < 2.0 mg l −1 , have fewer mature ovaries and produce eggs with smaller yolks (Breitburg, 2002).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genomic approaches in the identification of hypoxia biomarkers in model fish species

Zhang

Wells

et al. 2009

Journal of Experimental Marine Biology and Ecology

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Eutrophication leading to hypoxic water conditions has become a major problem in aquatic systems worldwide. Monitoring the levels and biological effects of lowered oxygen levels in aquatic systems may provide data useful in management of natural aquatic environments. Fishes represent an economically important resource that is subject to hypoxia exposure effects. Due to the extreme diversity of fish species and their habitats, fishes in general have evolved unique capabilities to modulate gene expression patterns in response to hypoxic stress. Recent studies have attempted to document quantitative changes in gene expression patterns induced in various fish species in response to reduced dissolved oxygen levels. From a management perspective, the goal of these studies is to provide a more complete characterization of hypoxia responsive genes in fish, as molecular indicators (biomarkers) of ecosystem hypoxic stress. The molecular genetic response to hypoxia is highly complex and overlaps with other stress responses making it difficult to identify hypoxia specific responses using traditional single gene or low throughput approaches. Therefore, recent approaches have been aimed at developing functional genomic (e.g. high density microarray and real-time PCR) and proteomic (two-dimensional fluorescence difference in gel electrophoresis coupled with mass spectrometry based peptide identification) technologies that employ fish species. Many of the fish species utilized in these studies do not have the advantages of underlying genome resources (i.e., genome or transcriptome sequences). Efforts have attempted to establish correlations between discreet molecular responses elicited by fish in response to hypoxia and changes in the genetic profiles of stressed organs or tissues. Notable progress in these areas has been made using several different versions of either cDNA or oligonucleotide based microarrays to profile changes in gene expression patterns in response to hypoxic stress. Due to these efforts, hundreds of hypoxia responsive genes have been identified both from laboratory reared aquaria fish and from feral fish derived from both fresh and saltwater habitats. Herein, we review these reports and the emergence of hypoxia biomarker development in aquatic species. We also include some of our own recent results using the medaka (Oryzias latipes) as a model to define genetic profiles of hypoxia exposure.

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Hormone Profiles at High Altitude in Man

et al. 2009

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Altitude induced alterations in circulatory levels of PRL, LH, FSH and testosterone were studied in seven eugonadal men at sea level (SL), during their stay at high altitude (HA, 3500 m) and a week after return to SL. The mean plasma PRL level at SL was 5.83 k 1.7 SE ng/ml. On day one and seven of arrival at HA, the PRL values of 7.81 k 1.8 1 and 9.2 1 f 1.64 ndml respectively were not significantly different (p > 0.05) than the initial SL values. However, on day 18 of stay at HA, PRL levels were significantly increased (p < 0.01) to 17.68 k 1.82 n g / d and returned to initial SL values within seven days of return to SL. A significant decrease (p < 0.01) in LH and testosterone was observed on seventh day of stay at HA and the decreased levels were maintained till day 18 of observations. Plasma testosterone returned to the initial SL values within a week of return to SL, whereas LH levels remained significantly lower (p < 0.01). The FSH levels did not show any significant change during their stay at HA or after return to SL. These observations suggest that exposure to altitude is associated with hyperprolactenemia and an impaired pituitary gonadal function. The decreased levels of LH and testosterone at HA could either be due to hypoxic stress per se or secondary to altitude induced hyperprolactenemia. Hormon-Profile beim Mann in groRer HoheZusarmnenfassung: Bei sieben gesunden Mannern mit normaler Hodenfunktion wurde der EinfluB groBer Hohe auf die zirkulierenden Werte von PRL, LH, FSH und Testosteron untersucht. Hierzu wurden diese Probanden zunachst in ein Seeklima (226 m) und dann in ein Hohenklima des Himalaya (3500 m) verbracht. Es ergab sich, daB die PRL-Werte signifkant anstiegen und sieben Tage nach der Riickkehr wieder normal waren. Fur LH und Testosteron wurde ein signifikanter Abfall im gleichen Zeitraum geobachtet, der fur LH langsamer zur Norm zuriickkehrte als es fur Testosteron zutraf. FSH zeigte demgegenuber keine signifkante Xnderung.Diese Beobachtungen belegen, d& der Aufenthlat in g r o k r Hohe mit einer Hyperprolaktinamie und einer gestorten Funktion der Hypophysen-Gonaden-Achse einhergeht. Der Abfall der LH-und Testosteron-Werte kann sowohl auf die Hypoxie als auch sekundar durch die hohenbedingte Hyperprolaktinamie bedingt sein.

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Changes in reproductive organs of male rats on exposure to hypoxia (6,060 m) and cold (−5°C). effects of cold-induced cryptorchidism

Cited by 3 publications

References 14 publications

Effect of lyophilized <i>Azadirachta indica</i> leaf powder on biochemical parameters of testis and epididymis in albino rats

Effect of lyophilized <i>Azadirachta indica</i> leaf powder on biochemical parameters of testis and epididymis in albino rats

Genomic approaches in the identification of hypoxia biomarkers in model fish species

Hormone Profiles at High Altitude in Man

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