Changes in Rangeland Canopy Cover Seven Years After Tebuthiuron Application

Whitson, T.D.; Ferrell, M.A.; Alley, H. P.

doi:10.1017/s0890037x00032310

Cited by 9 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 7 publications

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“…Increased grass and forb production is related to the density and canopy cover of live A. tridentata , which effectively competes for water, light, and soil nutrients. Thinning A. tridentata reduces the competitive interaction between A. tridentata and other plant species, resulting in the inverse biomass shifts between A. tridentata and perennial grasses described in this study and reported by earlier researchers (Whitson & Alley 1984; Whitson et al 1988).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 63%

“…Presence of annual grasses such as B. japonicus and B. tectorum on potential restoration project sites requires additional considerations. These species may invade open microhabitats created by thinning A. tridentata , and compete with perennial grasses and forbs during the initial years following treatment (Whitson & Alley 1984; Whitson et al 1988), as indicated by data from Lander and Waltman. Perennial grasses and forbs may gradually replace these annuals over longer post‐treatment time frames as indicated by data from Ten Sleep.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A tool that may have utility in certain restoration projects is the herbicide tebuthiuron (trade name SPIKE 20P, DowElanco Co., Indianapolis, IN), a pelleted, soil‐active herbicide with capabilities to selectively thin A. tridentata when applied at low rates (Whitson & Alley 1984; Whitson et al 1988; Whitson 1991; Halstvedt 1994; Olson & Whitson 1996; Johnson et al 1996). Tebuthiuron inhibits photosynthetic activity in A. tridentata , thus depleting carbohydrate reserves and causing death.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Restoring Structure in Late‐Successional Sagebrush Communities by Thinning with Tebuthiuron

Olson¹,

Whitson²

2002

Restoration Ecology

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Late successional, dense Artemisia tridentata (big sagebrush) stands restrict associated plant species production, resulting in a monotypic, shrub-dominated community that threatens biodiversity preservation and ecosystem function. Traditional practices to control A. tridentata can severely reduce or temporarily eliminate A. tridentata and other plant species. Thinning A. tridentata with low rates of the herbicide tebuthiuron enhances herbaceous plant production, community structure, ecosystem functioning, and biodiversity. Tebuthiuron was applied at rates of 0.11-1.0 kg ai/ha to A. tridentata -dominated plots at Ten Sleep (1979), Lander (1993), and Waltman (1993), Wyoming. Changes in A. tridentata canopy cover, associated plant species biomass, and community composition were evaluated 13 and 14 years post-treatment at Ten Sleep, and 2 and 4 years post-treatment at Lander and Waltman. At all sites A. tridentata canopy cover decreased proportionally with increased tebuthiuron rate. Biomass of grasses increased as shrub biomass and cover decreased with increasing tebuthiuron rate. Forb biomass varied between treatments across sample year and site. Shifts from shrub-dominated control to grassdominated treatment plots were attributable to biomass differences of A. tridentata and 2-3 grass species among treatments. The number of plant species was not significantly different between treatments at any site. Similarity indexes revealed progressively greater dissimilar plant composition between the control and sequential treatment plots of increased tebuthiuron rate. Incremental rates of tebuthiuron produce gradual changes in plant species composition without reducing species richness, which may have utility in certain restoration projects.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 63%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Restoring Structure in Late‐Successional Sagebrush Communities by Thinning with Tebuthiuron

Olson¹,

Whitson²

2002

Restoration Ecology

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“…This was expected since most tebuthiuron research has been focused on forb control, especially Artemisa spp. (Whitson et al 1988;Blumenthal et al 2006). During the time span of this study, we found no evidence that integrating burning and herbicides decreased desirable native perennial grass biomass more than either method alone.…”

Section: Integrating Prescribed Burning With Herbicidescontrasting

confidence: 56%

“…Many native forbs are susceptible to tebuthiuron, but previous studies focusing on Artemisia L. spp. reduction reported the perennial grass community responded positively and both blue grama and western wheatgrass were highly tolerant (Whitson et al 1988;Blumenthal et al 2006). …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 94%

Litter Reduction by Prescribed Burning Can Extend Downy Brome Control

Kessler

Nissen

Meiman

et al. 2015

Rangeland Ecology & Management

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LITTER REDUCTION BY PRESCRIBED BURNINGCAN EXTEND DOWNY BROME CONTROL Downy brome (Bromus tectorum L.) is a highly successful invasive species primarily because it fills an open niche in native plant communities. It also produces large amounts of litter over time. We hypothesized that removing accumulated litter with a prescribed burn before applying herbicides would improve herbicide efficacy, extending the duration of control. In January 2012, two downy brome infested sites were burned. In March 2012, post-emergent applications of glyphosate, imazapic, and tebuthiuron were made in a split-plot design.Aboveground biomass was collected at 6, 18 and 27 months after treatment (MAT) to evaluate treatment effects. In non-burned areas, all herbicide treatments were similar to the control 27 MAT; however, burning combined with imazapic or tebuthiuron reduced downy brome biomass 27 MAT by 81% ± 4.6 SE and 84% ± 19.3 SE, respectively. Remnant species responded positively to burning and herbicide treatments. Native cool season grass biomass increased after burning while native warm season grass biomass increased following tebuthiuron treatments.The impact of litter on imazapic and tebuthiuron availability was also evaluated. Herbicide interception increased in a linear relationship with increasing litter. For every 50 g·m -2 increase in litter there was a 7% increase in the amount of herbicide intercepted, meaning that 75% of the applied herbicide was intercepted by 360 g·m -2 of litter. A simulated rainfall event of 5 mm, 7 days after application, removed a significant amount of herbicide. This indicates that at sites with surface litter, timely precipitation could be critical for herbicide efficacy; however, when burning was used to remove litter and was followed by herbicides with residual soil activity, iii downy brome control was extended. Due to downy brome's relatively short seed viability in the soil, extending herbicide efficacy to several years could help to reduce the soil seed bank.iv ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS

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