Changes in Pulse Rate among the Civilian Population during Air-Raid Alerts in the City of Zagreb

Gregurek, Rudolf; Vukušić, Herman; Tocilj, Gorana

doi:10.1093/milmed/163.12.850

Cited by 2 publications

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“…The two studies that did not show a relationship between aerobic fitness and attrition used heart rate to predict aerobic capacity just prior to basic training (32,148). Heart rate can be elevated by stress, especially early In new situations (88,162,243) and new trainees are under considerable initial stress in basic training (188). The bicycle test used by Chin et al can generate higher heart rates among non-cyclists than field or treadmill tests at similar power outputs (11).…”

Section: Usachppm Project No 12-hf-01q9a-04 (2) Physical Fitnessmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Review of the Literature on Attrition from the Military Services: Risk Factors for Attrition and Strategies to Reduce Attrition

Knapik¹,

Jones²,

Hauret³

et al. 2004

PsycEXTRA Dataset

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REPORT DOCUMENTATION PAGE Public reporting burden for this collection of information is estimated to average 1 hour per response, including ttie time for reviewing instructions, searching existing data sources, gathering and maintaining the data needed, and completing and reviewing the collection of information. ABSTRACT (Maximum 200 words)Attrition is the failure of an enlisted service member to be retained in service v/ithin the first term of enlistment. This paper emphasizes health/fitness-related aspects of attrition but also covers demographic and psychosocial factors. Overall 3-year military attrition steadily rose fi-om 26% in 1985 to 31% in 1995. Demographic and psychosocial risk factors for attrition include lower educational attaiiunent, female gender, White ethnicity, lower Armed Forces Qualification Test scores, lower moral character (less conformance to laws, rules and regulations), moral waivers, pre-service job instability, and less time in the Delayed Entry Program. The age-attrition relationship appears to be bimodal with higher attrition when youngest, decreasing in 19-23 year olds, and rising again after that. Attrition for mental health reasons is associated with pre-service physical/sexual abuse, previous mental health counseliag, previous treatment with medication, previous psychiatric hospitalization, low motivation, pessimism toward training, depression, lack of self-reliance, and referral to a mental health facility. Attrition is also higher among those waivered for hearing problems, skin disorders, back disorders, and prior knee injuries. Other health-related risk factors include pre-service injury, injuries during basic training, a history of prior cigarette smoking, low physical activity prior to service, greater body weight, higher body mass index and lower physical fitness. Strategies to reduce attrition include prescreening by biographical questionnaires, compensatory screening, individual behavioral health counseling, and realistic job previews. Senior leadership initiatives have a powerful effect on attrition. Attrition also appears to be reduced by increasing physical fitness prior to basic training, the Physical Training and Rehabilitation Program, and the Pre-Initial Entry Training Program (for National Guard). ."""""""""""""""""""." -lnitial Entry Training Program,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,..... For the purposes of this paper, attrition was defined as the failure of an enlisted service member to be retained in service during their contracted first term of enlistment. This manuscript reviews a wide range of factors influencing attrition but the primary interest is in health-related factors. SUBJECT TERMS PATTERN OF ATTRITION OVER TIME AND REASONS FOR ATTRITION.Overall 3-year military attrition steadily rose from 26% in 1985 to 31% in 1995. About 1/3 of attrition occurred in the first 6 months of service, about V2 within the first year, and the remainder in the subsequent 2 year period. Separations within the first 6 months of service were associated with performance proble...

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Section: Usachppm Project No 12-hf-01q9a-04 (2) Physical Fitnessmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Review of the Literature on Attrition from the Military Services: Risk Factors for Attrition and Strategies to Reduce Attrition

Knapik¹,

Jones²,

Hauret³

et al. 2004

PsycEXTRA Dataset

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Physical Trauma Following Rocket Warning Sirens in Israel

et al. 2022

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Introduction Civilians constitute a significant wartime target, and trauma accounts for most of their injuries. Air raid sirens have long been used to alert civilians of incoming attacks and have since expanded to warn from natural disasters. Sirens are known to cause significant emotional distress and physiological changes. Injuries inflicted from trauma while moving for shelter have yet to be described in the medical literature. Methods During the recent Israel–Gaza conflict of May 2021, most of Israel’s population experienced rocket warning sirens. We collected all adult (18<) patients arriving at a major tertiary medical center emergency department (ED), attesting to having suffered their injury while rushing for shelter. Clinical and demographic data were retrieved and analyzed. Results A total of 48 patients were identified, with a mean age of 59.6 ± 20.0. Ten (21%) patients were admitted, and their mean length of stay was 4.4 ± 3.7 days. Women had a higher probability of being hospitalized (42.9% vs. 5.9%, P = .04), and those hospitalized tended to be older (68.8 ± 16.4 vs. 54.8 ± 20.8, P = .06). Elderly patients (65<) had a higher risk of injury. Extremity injuries were most common (50%), before head trauma (29%) and torso injuries (25%). Most patients (38/48, 79.2%) were discharged from the ED, and the rest were hospitalized for observation or surgery. One patient died from a head injury. Conclusions This study implies that injuries while moving for shelter were a prevalent cause of physical injury to Israeli civilians during the Israel–Gaza 2021 conflict. Warning sirens injuries should be given appropriate attention—from prevention by directed media campaigns to post-conflict reimbursement.

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Changes in Pulse Rate among the Civilian Population during Air-Raid Alerts in the City of Zagreb

Cited by 2 publications

References 0 publications

A Review of the Literature on Attrition from the Military Services: Risk Factors for Attrition and Strategies to Reduce Attrition

A Review of the Literature on Attrition from the Military Services: Risk Factors for Attrition and Strategies to Reduce Attrition

Physical Trauma Following Rocket Warning Sirens in Israel

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