Changes in prolactin mRNA levels during downstream migration of the amphidromous teleost, ayu Plecoglossus altivelis

Yada, Takashi; Tsuruta, Tetsuya; Sakano, Hiroyuki; Yamamoto, Shoichiro; Abe, Nobuhiko; Takasawa, Toshihide; Yogo, Shigeru; Suzuki, Takao; Iguchi, Kei’ichiro; Uchida, Keiji; Hyodo, Susumu

doi:10.1016/j.ygcen.2010.03.026

Cited by 9 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 38 publications

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“…Upon shifting to 15 ppt, the level of PRL transcripts in the pituitary was increased until 24 h of adaptation and then declined slowly as acclimation extended to 48 and 144 h. This was consistent with other studies showing an increase of the PRL transcript at lower salinity in pufferfish T. rubripes , black porgy A. schlegeli , gilthead sea bream S. auratus , and Mozambique tilapia O. mossambicus [30,33-35]. PRL levels in Atlantic salmon parr Salmo salar and ayu Plecoglossus altivelis were decreased upon transferring from freshwater to seawater [36,37]. It was also noticed that PRL influenced the retention and uptake of Na + in fish adapting to freshwater.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

Gene encoding prolactin in cinnamon clownfish Amphiprion melanopus and its expression upon acclimation to low salinities

Noh

Rho²,

Chang

et al. 2013

Aquat. Biosyst.

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BackgroundProlactin (PRL) is a key hormone for osmoregulation in fish. Levels of PRL in the pituitary gland and plasma ion composition of clownfish seem to change to regulate their hydromineral balance during adaptation to waters of different salinities. In order to understand osmoregulatory mechanism and its association with growth performance and PRL in fish, the gene encoding PRL and its expression level in cinnamon clownfish Amphiprion melanopus upon acclimation to low salinity was analyzed.ResultsThe PRL gene of A. melanopus encoded a protein of 212 amino acid residues comprised of a putative signal peptide of 24 amino acids and a mature protein of 188 amino acids. Analysis of growth performance under different salinities of 34, 25, 15, and 10 ppt indicated that cinnamon clownfish could survive under salinities as low as 10 ppt. A higher rate of growth was observed at the lower salinities as compared to that of 34 ppt. Upon shifting the salinity of the surrounding water from 34 ppt to 15 ppt, the level of the PRL transcripts gradually increased to reach the peak level until 24 h of acclimation at 15 ppt, but decreased back as adaptation continued to 144 h. In contrast, levels of plasma Na+, Cl-, and osmolality decreased at the initial stage (4–8 h) of acclimation at 15 pt but increased back as adaptation continued till 144 h.ConclusionCinnamon clownfish could survive under salinities as low as 10 ppt. Upon shifting the salinity of the surrounding water from 34 ppt to 15 ppt, the level of the PRL transcripts gradually increased during the initial stage of acclimation but decreased back to the normal level as adaptation continued. An opposite pattern of changes - decrease at the beginning followed by an increase - in the levels of plasma Na+, Cl-, and osmolality was found upon acclimation to low salinity. The results suggest an involvement of PRL in the processes of osmoregulation and homeostasis in A. melanopus.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

Gene encoding prolactin in cinnamon clownfish Amphiprion melanopus and its expression upon acclimation to low salinities

Noh

Rho²,

Chang

et al. 2013

Aquat. Biosyst.

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“…Elevation of PRL mRNA levels in SW-dwelling fish seems to be paradoxical owing to the inhibitory action of PRL for adaptation to hypertonic environment (Hirano, 1986;McCormick, 2001;Manzon, 2002;Sakamoto and McCormick, 2006). On the other hand, with an opposite direction of salinity change to the present study, PRL mRNA content significantly decreased prior to a movement of larval ayu from FW to SW in a tank with vertical salinity layers (Yada et al, 2010). In the fish spontaneously migrating and selecting salinity, PRL production may change before the timing of entry to different salinities.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 55%

“…Water temperature is known to be an important environmental factor affecting the upstream migration of ayu in relation to the body size (Tago, 2004). However, in our previous study, there is no influence of water temperature on PRL mRNA levels in ayu larvae (Yada et al, 2010). Although there are significant interrelationships among body size, temperature, and upstream migration of ayu, the possible role of PRL in this process seems to be limited in the osmoregulatory adaptation.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 61%

“…Thus, conversion of osmoregulation from uptake to excretion of excess salts in hypertonic environments seems to be important for survival during the early stage of development in SW. Chronologically, immunoreactive-PRL cells appear in the pituitary of ayu one day before hatching (Saga et al, 1999). In a previous study by our group, whole body contents of PRL mRNA in the field samples taken during the downstream migration, in the newly hatched larvae experimentally transferred from FW to SW, and in the developing larvae reared in a vertical salinity gradient showed significant decreases after entry into SW (Yada et al, 2010).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 66%

“…Contents of PRL and GH mRNA of individual fish were estimated by real-time PCR (ABI Prism 7900HT) with TaqMan probes (Applied Biosystems) as described, previously (Yada et al, 2010). The partial cDNA of ayu PRL and GH, cloned and sequenced as described above, was used as the standard.…”

Section: Quantitative Real-time Pcrmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Prolactin and Upstream Migration of the Amphidromous Teleost, AyuPlecoglossus altivelis

et al. 2014

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Changes in mRNA levels of prolactin (PRL) during the upstream migration were examined in fry of the amphidromous fish, ayu Plecoglossus altivelis. Quantification of mRNA has been done with real-time PCR and expressed as whole body or pituitary contents depending the body size of fry. PRL mRNA levels of ayu caught in seawater of the coastal area remained low during early spring. Prior to the start of the upstream migration, the fish caught in the coastal area in mid spring showed increased levels of PRL mRNA. There were further increases in PRL levels in the fish caught in the river. Analysis of proportions revealed that there were significant differences among PRL mRNA in the fish caught in different environmental salinities. Body weight showed a positive relation with PRL mRNA in ayu caught in seawater. A landlocked population of ayu, which migrates from lake to river, showed no significant change in PRL mRNA levels before and after upstream migration. Results in this study indicate the importance of up-regulation of PRL gene expression of ayu during the upstream migration from seawater to fresh water. There is a possible relationship between body size and PRL in the early developmental stage of ayu in seawater, but not in the fish in fresh water.

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Freshwater to Seawater Transitions in Migratory Fishes

Zydlewski¹,

Wilkie²

2012

Fish Physiology

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Changes in prolactin mRNA levels during downstream migration of the amphidromous teleost, ayu Plecoglossus altivelis

Cited by 9 publications

References 38 publications

Gene encoding prolactin in cinnamon clownfish Amphiprion melanopus and its expression upon acclimation to low salinities

Gene encoding prolactin in cinnamon clownfish Amphiprion melanopus and its expression upon acclimation to low salinities

Prolactin and Upstream Migration of the Amphidromous Teleost, AyuPlecoglossus altivelis

Freshwater to Seawater Transitions in Migratory Fishes

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