Changes in plasma levels of perfluoroalkyl substances (PFASs) are related to increase in carotid intima-media thickness over 10 years – a longitudinal study

Lind, P. Monica; Salihović, Samira; Stubleski, Jordan; Kärrman, Anna; Lind, Lars

doi:10.1186/s12940-018-0403-0

Cited by 22 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 31 publications

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“…PFNA, PFDA, and PFUA, were all related to intima-media thickness in women, while the relationship was negative in men. The plasma concentration of PFUA was significantly related to carotid plaque in women (odds ratio 1.59), but not in men (odds ratio 0.93) (20).…”

Section: Pfas Cardiovascular Damage and Cardiovascular Events: Epidemiological Evidencementioning

confidence: 88%

“…In the Prospective Investigation of the Vasculature in Uppsala Seniors (PIVUS) study, a total of 602 participants were investigated every 5-years starting at 70 years of age. The baseline concentrations of 6 different PFAS were significantly associated with the increase in carotid intima-media thickness over a 10-year follow-up, even after adjustment for traditional cardiovascular risk factors (20).…”

Section: Pfas Cardiovascular Damage and Cardiovascular Events: Epidemiological Evidencementioning

confidence: 93%

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Exposure to Perfluoroalkyl Chemicals and Cardiovascular Disease: Experimental and Epidemiological Evidence

et al. 2021

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Polyfluoro- and perfluoro–alkyl substances (PFAS) are organic chemicals extensively used worldwide for industry and consumer products. Due to their chemical stability, PFAS represent a major cause of environmental pollution. PFAS accumulate in animal and human blood and tissues exerting their toxicity. We performed a review of the epidemiological studies exploring the relationship between exposure to PFAS and thromboembolic cardiovascular disease. An increase in cardiovascular disease or death related to PFAS exposure has been reported from cross-sectional and longitudinal observational studies with evidence concerning the relation with early vascular lesions and atherosclerosis. Several studies indicate an alteration in lipid and glucose metabolism disorders and increased blood pressure as a possible link with cardiovascular thromboembolic events. We also examined the recent evidence indicating that legacy and new PFAS can be incorporated in platelet cell membranes giving a solid rationale to the observed increase risk of cardiovascular events in the populations exposed to PFAS by directly promoting thrombus formation. Exposure to PFAS has been related to altered plasma membrane fluidity and associated with altered calcium signal and increased platelet response to agonists, both in vitro and ex vivo in subjects exposed to PFAS. All the functional responses are increased in platelets by incorporation of PFAS: adhesion, aggregation, microvesicles release and experimental thrombus formation. These findings offer mechanistic support the hypothesis that platelet-centred mechanisms may be implicated in the increase in cardiovascular events observed in populations chronically exposed to PFAS.

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Section: Pfas Cardiovascular Damage and Cardiovascular Events: Epidemiological Evidencementioning

confidence: 88%

Section: Pfas Cardiovascular Damage and Cardiovascular Events: Epidemiological Evidencementioning

confidence: 93%

Exposure to Perfluoroalkyl Chemicals and Cardiovascular Disease: Experimental and Epidemiological Evidence

et al. 2021

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“…58 In a longitudinal analysis of the same cohort over 10 years, the change in all of the evaluated PFASs (perfluoroheptanoic acid, PFNA, perfluorodecanoic acid, PFUnDA, PFHxS, PFOS, PFOA, and perfluorooctane sulfonamide) were more or less related to the change in IMT. 59 In the latter study, no differences between men and women were seen. In both of these studies the relationships were significant also after adjustment for traditional risk factors, like blood pressure, LDL and HDL cholesterol, triglycerides, diabetes or smoking.…”

Section: Contaminants and Lipids: A Reviewmentioning

confidence: 70%

Are Persistent Organic Pollutants Linked to Lipid Abnormalities, Atherosclerosis and Cardiovascular Disease? A Review

Lind

2020

J Lipid Atheroscler

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The term persistent organic pollutants (POPs) denotes chemicals with known or suspected adverse health effects in animals or humans and with chemical properties that make them accumulate in the environment, including animals or humans. Lipid-soluble POPs, like dioxins, polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) and organochlorine pesticides are transported by lipoproteins and accumulate in adipose tissue. High levels of these compounds in the circulation have been associated with elevated cholesterol and triglycerides in crosssectional studies and with an increase in mainly low-density lipoprotein cholesterol in a longitudinal study. Also, non-lipid-soluble POPs, such as perfluoroalkyl substances (PFASs) compounds have been associated with increased total cholesterol levels. Carotid artery atherosclerosis has been related to elevated levels of mainly highly chlorinated PCBs and to highly fluorinated PFASs, but in this case only in women. Both cross-sectional and prospective studies have shown dioxins, PCBs, as well as PFASs to be linked to cardiovascular disease (CVD) and mortality. In conclusion, as highlighted in this review, several lines of evidence support the view that POPs of different chemical classes could be linked to lipid abnormalities, carotid atherosclerosis and overt CVD like myocardial infarction and stroke.

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“…Human subjects with elevated intimate-media thickness have a high expression of P-selectin, underlying their role in atherosclerosis development [95]. The latest epidemiological findings have found that increases in plasma levels of six PFCs measured were substantially related to changes in carotid intima-medium thickness (increased to 0.058 mm) over the 10-year follow-up period [96]. The in vitro research elucidated the potential triggering effect of PFOA on platelets by examining the expression of P-Selectin in both resting platelets and TRAP-6 active platelets at concentrations ranging from 26 ng/mL to 400 ng/mL after exposure to PFOA [79].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Understanding the Impact of Perfluorinated Compounds on Cardiovascular Diseases and Their Risk Factors: A Meta-Analysis Study

Soheimi

Rahman

Latip

et al. 2021

IJERPH

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Perfluorinated compounds (PFCs) are non-biodegradable synthetic chemical compounds that are widely used in manufacturing many household products. Many studies have reported the association between PFCs exposure with the risk of developing cardiovascular diseases (CVDs). However, those reports are still debatable, due to their findings. Thus, this review paper aimed to analyse the association of PFCs compound with CVDs and their risk factors in humans by systematic review and meta-analysis. Google Scholar, PubMed and ScienceDirect were searched for PFCs studies on CVDs and their risk from 2009 until present. The association of PFCs exposure with the prevalence of CVDs and their risk factors were assessed by calculating the quality criteria, odds ratios (ORs), and 95% confidence intervals (CIs). CVDs risk factors were divided into serum lipid profile (main risk factor) and other known risk factors. The meta-analysis was then used to derive a combined OR test for heterogeneity in findings between studies. Twenty-nine articles were included. Our meta-analysis indicated that PFCs exposure could be associated with CVDs (Test for overall effect: = 2.2, p = 0.02; Test for heterogeneity: I2 = 91.6%, CI = 0.92–1.58, p < 0.0001) and their risk factors (Test for overall effect: = 4.03, p < 0.0001; Test for heterogeneity: I2 = 85.8%, CI = 1.00–1.14, p < 0.0001). In serum lipids, total cholesterol levels are frequently reported associated with the exposure of PFCs. Among PFCs, perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA) and perfluorooctane sulfonic acid (PFOS) exposure increased the risk of CVDs than other types of PFCs. Although the risk of PFOA and PFOS were positively associated with CVDs and their risk factors, more observational studies shall be carried out to identify the long-term effects of these contaminants in premature CVDs development in patients.

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Changes in plasma levels of perfluoroalkyl substances (PFASs) are related to increase in carotid intima-media thickness over 10 years – a longitudinal study

Cited by 22 publications

References 31 publications

Exposure to Perfluoroalkyl Chemicals and Cardiovascular Disease: Experimental and Epidemiological Evidence

Exposure to Perfluoroalkyl Chemicals and Cardiovascular Disease: Experimental and Epidemiological Evidence

Are Persistent Organic Pollutants Linked to Lipid Abnormalities, Atherosclerosis and Cardiovascular Disease? A Review

Understanding the Impact of Perfluorinated Compounds on Cardiovascular Diseases and Their Risk Factors: A Meta-Analysis Study

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