Changes in Plant Ecophysiology Across a Central European Hedgerow Ecotone

Küppers, Manfred

doi:10.1007/978-1-4612-2804-2_14

Cited by 11 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 35 publications

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“…2) that indicate that the allocation to flowers and fruits was correlated with precipitation. The carbon budget of shrubs also benefits from a longer growing season (Küppers, 1992 [41] ), and P. mahaleb is highly sensitive to shading (K. Pflugshaupt, unpubl. data).…”

Section: Control Of Flower and Fruit Characteristics By Site Factorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Flower and Fruit Characteristics in Small and Isolated Populations of a Fleshy‐Fruited Shrub

Kollmann¹,

Pflugshaupt²

2001

Plant Biology

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During a warm period after the last glaciation the fleshy‐fruited shrub, Prunus mahaleb, extended its area of distribution from the Mediterranean basin towards central Europe. Under a subsequent cooler climate, and probably increased competition from trees, the species became restricted to steep, south‐facing cliffs and scree slopes with a particularly sunny and warm microclimate. Thus, the small relict populations in central Europe have been isolated for about 5000 ‐ 6000 years. To investigate whether or not reproductive traits of P. mahaleb are affected by isolation and population size, several flower and fruit characteristics were sampled in ten populations in Switzerland. A Canonical Correlation Analysis (CCA) based on these reproductive characteristics differentiated the populations. The first CCA axis was determined by flower size, pollination frequency, pulp and seed mass. This ran parallel to increasing precipitation and decreasing altitude. The second axis correlated with the number of fruits per raceme and seed viability, and ran parallel to increasing sunshine. None of the six flower and fruit variables correlated with population size or with the degree of isolation. However, flower size, pollination frequency, pulp and seed mass showed a negative correlation with altitude. The results suggest that, in populations of P. mahaleb in central Europe, climatic conditions explain more of the observed variation in flower and fruit characteristics than population size or degree of isolation.

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Section: Control Of Flower and Fruit Characteristics By Site Factorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Flower and Fruit Characteristics in Small and Isolated Populations of a Fleshy‐Fruited Shrub

Kollmann¹,

Pflugshaupt²

2001

Plant Biology

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“…Herrera et al 1994). Little is known about under-canopy conditions of European tall shrubs (Küppers 1992), but for related woody vegetation some information exists about variation in microclimate, soil moisture and soil nutrient contents which result from specifics of the canopy, litter fall or transpiration ( Joffre & Rambal 1993;Burton & Bazzaz 1995;Milton et al 1997;Moro et al 1997). In addition to the above-mentioned processes, during seed dispersal it is likely that under-canopy conditions affect recruitment of fleshy-fruited species, and that effects may vary among species since differences in light, water and nutrient demands of shrub seedlings are significant (Grubb et al 1996;Kollmann & Reiner 1996).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Recruitment of fleshy‐fruited species under different shrub species: Control by under‐canopy environment

Kollmann

Grubb

1999

Ecological Research

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Seedling densities and the mortality of fleshy‐fruited species under 10 European tall‐shrub species and the tree Sorbus aria were analyzed in 10‐year‐old experimental scrub for one growing season. The mean total densities of seedlings of 18 fleshy‐fruited species differed under the different ‘hosts’, being highest under Crataegus monogyna, Viburnum opulus and Rosa canina (24–20 m−2); intermediate under Sorbus aria, Rhamnus catharticus, Cornus sanguinea, Ligustrum vulgare and Juniperus communis (17–12 m−2); and lowest under Euonymus europaeus, Viburnum lantana and Prunus spinosa (10–9 m−2). This ranking was similar for the 11 planted species and for nine bird‐dispersed, non‐planted species which invaded the site, notably Hedera helix and Solanum dulcamara. Within the experimental scrub as a whole mortality of seedlings differed significantly among species, being highest in those with the smallest number of recruits. Mortality ranged from 94% and 89% for Solanum dulcamara and Viburnum opulus to 26% for Hedera helix and Ligustrum vulgare. The mean mortality across all species of seedlings did not differ significantly between host species, although it was slightly higher under Juniperus and Cornus (56%, 53%) and lower under Viburnum lantana and Rhamnus (42%, 41%). In four species, the mortality of seedlings was significantly higher under conspecific adults. Mean topsoil water content after a dry spell was negatively correlated with the diffuse site factor (DSF). The mean density of accumulated seedlings of the most abundant seedling species (Hedera) was positively correlated with the topsoil water content. Densities of other species showed no strong correlations with either topsoil water content or DSF. The probable factors controlling recruitment are discussed.

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“…Many authors stress the importance of the traditionally concentrated on generalized vegetation contact between the Eurosiberian and Mediterranean types that are assumed to be homogeneous. Transition regions [Morla & Pineda (1985), Moreno, Pineda & zones have often been neglected because they were Rivas-Martínez (1990) in Spain, Emberger (1930a, b, considered to occupy only a small proportion of the 1933) and Daget (1977) in France, Tomaselli, Balduzzi total area (Kü ppers, 1992). On a coarse scale, one of & Filipello (1973), Biondi & Baldoni (1994) and Blasi the most interesting border areas is the contact belt (1994) in Italy].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Ecological research has traditionally concentrated on generalized vegetation types that are assumed to be homogeneous. Transition zones have often been neglected because they were considered to occupy only a small proportion of the total area (Küppers, 1992). On a coarse scale, one of the most interesting border areas is the contact belt between different phytogeographical regions because of the presumably transitional characteristics of the vegetation (Tranquillini, 1979; Küppers, 1987; Gosz, 1992) and because a border area is the zone of transition between adjacent environmental systems having characteristics uniquely defined by interactions between the systems (Di Castri, Hansen & Holland, 1988; Di Castri & Hansen, 1992).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Relation between climate and vegetation along a Mediterranean‐Temperate boundary in central Italy

Blasi

Carranza

Filesi³

et al. 1999

Global Ecology and Biogeography

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The relationship between climate and vegetation was investigated along a Mediterranean-Temperate boundary in central Italy. The study area is a transition zone between the Temperate (Eurosiberian) and Mediterranean regions and has an altitudinal range of almost 1750 m. Ordination and cluster analysis were used. The results did not show any sharp boundary but a climate-vegetation mosaic ranging from upper mountain thermotype and lower hyperhumid ombrotype with Fagus sylvatica L. woodlands at higher altitudes, to meso-Mediterranean thermotype and lower subhumid ombrotype with Mediterranean maquis and Quercus ilex L. woods on the coast. Six phytoclimatic groups are distinguished and described in terms of climatic parameters, vegetation types and morphological and chorological traits. These parameters indicate a change without sharp discontinuities between groups. The Mediterranean to Temperate transition in this Tyrrhenian sector is broad and includes most of the study area

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Changes in Plant Ecophysiology Across a Central European Hedgerow Ecotone

Cited by 11 publications

References 35 publications

Flower and Fruit Characteristics in Small and Isolated Populations of a Fleshy‐Fruited Shrub

Flower and Fruit Characteristics in Small and Isolated Populations of a Fleshy‐Fruited Shrub

Recruitment of fleshy‐fruited species under different shrub species: Control by under‐canopy environment

Relation between climate and vegetation along a Mediterranean‐Temperate boundary in central Italy

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