“…In geography, it is likely that girls outperform boys (as in environmental education, e.g., Boeve-de Pauw, Jacobs, & Van Petegem, 2014). However, boys perform better than girls when it comes to certain types of knowledge, for example, place names and locations (although gaps are narrowing in Sweden, see Hennerdal, 2016), which is in line with findings applicable to spatial thinking skills (Tomaszewski, Vodacek, Parody, & Holt, 2015). Butt, Weeden, and Wood (2004) show that boys do not perform as well as girls on written exams in geography.…”