Changes in peripheral blood compounds following psychopharmacological treatment in drug-naïve first-episode patients with either schizophrenia or major depressive disorder: a meta-analysis

Çakici, Nuray; Sutterland, Arjen L.; Penninx, Brenda W. J. H.; Haan, Lieuwe de; Beveren, Nico J.M. van

doi:10.1017/s0033291721000155

Cited by 23 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 84 publications

(119 reference statements)

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“…In female young adults, psychological distress was negatively associated with fasting glucose ( r 2 : −0.1037; 95% CI,−0.549–0.051 p = 0.021). While we did not observe a correlation between fasting glucose and mental health outcome in female middle-aged adults, which is consistent with recent meta-analytic evidence that glucose metabolism was not altered in depressed patients ( 6 ). In male older group, the higher scores in K10 and increased total-cholesterol ( r 2 : 0.1018; 95% CI, 0.0481–0.547, p = 0.022), and LDL-cholesterol levels were noted ( r 2 : 0.0924; 95% CI, 0.031–0.535, p = 0.030), showing a significant relationship between total- and LDL-cholesterol and psychological distress.…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 92%

Serum Lipid Concentrations Are Associated With Negative Mental Health Outcomes in Healthy Women Aged 35–49 Years

Zhang

Li³

et al. 2021

Front. Psychiatry

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Background: Although the relevant underlying biological mechanisms are still lacking, mental disorders have been closely associated with several metabolic abnormalities including high rates of obesity and metabolic syndrome especially in vulnerable populations. Therefore, the current study aims to examine how metabolic parameters increase the risk for developing mood disorders in individuals stratified by gender and age.Methods: In a routine physical examination, 319 healthy participants were recruited and assigned to six different groups according to age (young adults: 25–34 Y, middle age: 35–49 Y, and older age: 50–65 Y) in both males and females. A linear regression and bivariate correlation analysis were used to analyze the relationship between mood health outcomes measured by the Kessler 10 Psychological Distress Scale (K10) and the metabolic function.Results: The results demonstrated that there was a significant association between K10 scores and metabolic parameters, including Body Mass Index (BMI), total-, LDL-cholesterol, and triglyceride. Furthermore, poor mental health (higher K10 scores) was observed in individuals with increased BMI, total-, LDL-cholesterol, and triglyceride levels particularly in middle-aged women relative to other groups.Limitations: This is a cross-sectional study with a small sample size and lacks longitudinal follow-up evidence and preventive interventions and therefore could not provide the causal inference of metabolic pathophysiology on the increased sensitivity to mental disorders.Conclusions: The potential association suggests that targeting of the metabolic parameters might give us a better understanding of the underlying mechanisms of psychiatric diseases and provide preventive strategies and potential treatment for those with metabolic disturbances especially in middle-aged females.

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 92%

Serum Lipid Concentrations Are Associated With Negative Mental Health Outcomes in Healthy Women Aged 35–49 Years

Zhang

Li³

et al. 2021

Front. Psychiatry

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“…We controlled for smoking which is relevant, because it is known that CRP levels are increased by smoking [ 61 ] and due to the higher percentage of smokers in FEMD and RMD compared to controls. Six-week treatment did not induce a significant change in CRP levels in either group, which is consistent with recent longitudinal meta-analyses [ 62 , 63 ]. Taken together, these findings suggest that CRP may be a trait marker, while neutrophil and eosinophil counts are likely to be state markers of current depression.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

Changes in leukocytes and CRP in different stages of major depression

Singh

Guest

Dobrowolny

et al. 2022

J Neuroinflammation

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Background We recently reported increased levels of neutrophils, monocytes and C-reactive protein (CRP) correlated with symptom severity in acute schizophrenia. Here, we investigated if a similar pattern of innate immune system activation occurs in major depression (MD). Methods We assessed differential blood counts, CRP, depression symptoms (HAMD-21) and psychosocial functioning (GAF) in controls (n = 129) and patients with first (FEMD: n = 82) or recurrent (RMD: n = 47) disease episodes of MD at baseline (T0; hospital admission) and after 6-weeks treatment (T6). Results Considering smoking, BMI and gender as covariates, neutrophils (FEMD: p = 0.034, RMD: p = 0.034) and CRP (FEMD: p < 0.001, RMD: p = 0.021) were higher, and eosinophils (FEMD: p = 0.005, RMD: p = 0.004) lower in patients versus controls at T0. Baseline lymphocyte counts were elevated in RMD (p = 0.003) but not FEMD. Results were confirmed by analyses of nonsmokers. At follow-up, eosinophils rose significantly in FEMD (p = 0.011) but no significant changes were observed in RMD. Improvement in HAMD-21 correlated with T0–T6 changes of neutrophil counts in FEMD (r = 0.364, p = 0.024). Compared with our previous schizophrenia study, raised baseline neutrophil and reduced eosinophil counts in MD had smaller effect sizes and treatment had a weaker association with T0-T6 changes in neutrophils. In addition, lymphocytes were elevated at T0 in recurrent MD but not in schizophrenia patients. Conclusions These findings suggest that innate immunity may be involved in early stages of MD, and adaptive immunity may be involved in chronic disease. Thus, further studies may lead to new disease stage-dependent MD treatment strategies targeting different aspects of immune system activation.

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“…Therefore, we tested the effects of low-dose Li and low-dose aspirin on plasma and brain IL-6 and TNF-α levels of LPS-treated rats to explore their anti-inflammatory properties when administered each by themselves or in combination. We scrutinized these two cytokines because a large body of data links them to the pathophysiology and treatment of BD, as well as to other psychiatric conditions [ 4 , 5 , 13 , 14 , 15 , 17 , 88 , 89 , 91 , 92 , 93 , 94 ]. As summarized in Table 1 , LPS administration resulted in a significant increase in plasma and brain IL-6 and TNF-α levels.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Low-Dose Aspirin Augments the Anti-Inflammatory Effects of Low-Dose Lithium in Lipopolysaccharide-Treated Rats

et al. 2022

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Mounting evidence suggests that immune-system dysfunction and inflammation play a role in the pathophysiology and treatment of mood-disorders in general and of bipolar disorder in particular. The current study examined the effects of chronic low-dose aspirin and low-dose lithium (Li) treatment on plasma and brain interleukin-6 and tumor necrosis factor-α production in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-treated rats. Rats were fed regular or Li-containing food (0.1%) for six weeks. Low-dose aspirin (1 mg/kg) was administered alone or together with Li. On days 21 and 42 rats were injected with 1 mg/kg LPS or saline. Two h later body temperature was measured and rats were sacrificed. Blood samples, the frontal-cortex, hippocampus, and the hypothalamus were extracted. To assess the therapeutic potential of the combined treatment, rats were administered the same Li + aspirin protocol without LPS. We found that the chronic combined treatment attenuated LPS-induced hypothermia and significantly reduced plasma and brain cytokine level elevation, implicating the potential neuroinflammatory diminution purportedly present among the mentally ill. The combined treatment also significantly decreased immobility time and increased struggling time in the forced swim test, suggestive of an antidepressant-like effect. This preclinical evidence provides a potential approach for treating inflammation-related mental illness.

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Changes in peripheral blood compounds following psychopharmacological treatment in drug-naïve first-episode patients with either schizophrenia or major depressive disorder: a meta-analysis

Cited by 23 publications

References 84 publications

Serum Lipid Concentrations Are Associated With Negative Mental Health Outcomes in Healthy Women Aged 35–49 Years

Serum Lipid Concentrations Are Associated With Negative Mental Health Outcomes in Healthy Women Aged 35–49 Years

Changes in leukocytes and CRP in different stages of major depression

Low-Dose Aspirin Augments the Anti-Inflammatory Effects of Low-Dose Lithium in Lipopolysaccharide-Treated Rats

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