Changes in patterns of take-away food ordering among youths before and after COVID-19 lockdown in China: the COVID-19 Impact on Lifestyle Change Survey (COINLICS)

Abstract

Background The lockdown due to COVID-19 may have led to changes in food ordering patterns among youths, which could affect their dietary patterns and the operation of the restaurant industry. Objectives This study aimed to examine the impacts of COVID-19 lockdown on patterns of take-away food ordering among youth in China. Methods The COVID-19 Impact on Lifestyle Change Survey (COINLICS) was conducted among youths at three educational levels (high or vocational school, college, and graduate school) in China in early May 2020. Information on patterns of take-away food ordering in the months immediately before and after the COVID-19 lockdown period (23 January to 8 April 2020) was collected through an online questionnaire survey. Results A total of 10,082 participants were included in the analysis. Participants ordering food more than once per week dropped from 15.4 to 9.2%, while 81.1% of participants have never ordered food at both time points. Graduate students, although experiencing a decrease in food ordering for more than once per week (from 33.3 to 10.7%), were more likely to order food compared to undergraduate and high school students. A slight increase was observed for ordering fried food or hamburgers and for breakfast and midnight snacks. Conclusions The youth have generally ordered take-away food less frequently after COVID-19 lockdown, and the times and types of ordering have both changed. These findings would contribute solid evidence to the current knowledge pool for reference of health promotion communities to keep youth's lifestyles healthy and of the restaurant industry to achieve more cost-effective operation in China during future health emergencies.

Nomogram and a predictive model for postoperative hemorrhage in preoperative patients of laparoscopic pancreaticoduodectomy

“…Hepatitis was reported to be related to postoperative hemorrhage after liver transplantation 40 . Other risk-associated preoperative factors in our studies were tumor-related genomic background, immune microenvironment, tumor locations of pancreas and bile duct, level of tumor marker of CA125, coagulation function of APTT, INR, and PT levels, blood routine of WBC, NEU, and LYM levels 41 – 44 . Multivariant binary logistic regression and stepwise (stepAIC) selection were performed to develop the predictive model for postoperative hemorrhage of LPD.…”

A Thematic Review on Using Food Delivery Services during the Pandemic: Insights for the Post-COVID-19 Era

“…Some articles involved several keywords and vice versa. In addition, some studies have analyzed online comments [ 9 , 24 , 27 , 47 ] or conducted general behavioral surveys [ 41 , 45 ] to understand consumer behavior towards using food delivery services during the pandemic. Previous studies argued that the use of food delivery services may be associated with some outcome phenomena, such as sedentary lifestyles [ 62 ] or environmental pollution issues [ 63 ].…”

“…In line with most industry reports on food delivery services, Chotigo and Kadono [ 35 ] and Hong et al [ 36 ] observed an increase in the frequency of use or number of new users. However, some studies observed a decrease in use [ 15 , 41 , 45 ]. One of the possible reasons for the inconsistency is the different mechanisms of consumers’ perceived COVID-19-related risks, as mentioned previously.…”

“…Other reasons may come from differences in sample, culture, policy, etc. For example, students use fewer food delivery services when they study at home and live with their parents during the pandemic [ 45 ]; some users clean food packaging or reheat delivered food before consumption for various reasons [ 41 ]. Additionally, previous studies have shown that people aware of health risks may change their behavior in a preventive way [ 88 , 89 , 90 ].…”

“…Nonetheless, the average age of users was observed to be significantly higher compared with that before the COVID-19 pandemic [ 48 ]. In addition, although an increase in the consumption of unhealthy foods was observed [ 45 ], the relationship between the use of food delivery services and unhealthy lifestyles during the pandemic has not been discussed.…”