Changes in North Atlantic Radiocarbon Reservoir Ages During the Allerød and Younger Dryas

Bondevik, Stein; Mangerud, Jan; Birks, Hilary H.; Gulliksen, Steinar; Reimer, Paula J.

doi:10.1126/science.1123300

Cited by 171 publications

(140 citation statements)

References 24 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

128

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…Abrupt climate changes of the last deglaciation were accompanied by large and geographically variable shifts in the radiocarbon enrichment of surface waters due to changes in oceanic circulation patterns (Bondevik et al, 2006;Robinson et al, 2005;Waelbroeck et al, 2001;Austin et al, 1995;Bard et al, 1994). These changes have important consequences for radiocarbon chronologies based on the dating of marine organisms (Björck et al, 2003).…”

Section: Chronology Of Lateglacial Events and Possible Implications Fmentioning

confidence: 99%

Abrupt climate changes of the last deglaciation detected in a Western Mediterranean forest record

et al. 2010

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Abstract. Abrupt changes in Western Mediterranean climate during the last deglaciation (20 to 6 cal ka BP) are detected in marine core MD95-2043 (Alboran Sea) through the investigation of high-resolution pollen data and pollenbased climate reconstructions by the modern analogue technique (MAT) for annual precipitation (P ann ) and mean temperatures of the coldest and warmest months (MTCO and MTWA). Changes in temperate Mediterranean forest development and composition and MAT reconstructions indicate major climatic shifts with parallel temperature and precipitation changes at the onsets of Heinrich stadial 1 (equivalent to the Oldest Dryas), the Bölling-Allerød (BA), and the Younger Dryas (YD). Multi-centennial-scale oscillations in forest development occurred throughout the BA, YD, and early Holocene. Shifts in vegetation composition and P ann reconstructions indicate that forest declines occurred during dry, and generally cool, episodes centred at 14.0, 13.3, 12.9, 11.8, 10.7, 10.1, 9.2, 8.3 and 7.4 cal ka BP. The forest record also suggests multiple, low-amplitude Preboreal (PB) climate oscillations, and a marked increase in moisture availability for forest development at the end of the PB at 10.6 cal ka BP. Dry atmospheric conditions in the Western Mediterranean occurred in phase with Lateglacial events of high-latitude cooling including GI-1d (Older Dryas), GI1b (Intra-Allerød Cold Period) and GS-1 (YD), and during Holocene events associated with high-latitude cooling, meltwater pulses and N. Atlantic ice-rafting. A possible climatic mechanism for the recurrence of dry intervals and an opposed regional precipitation pattern with respect to Westerncentral Europe relates to the dynamics of the westerlies and the prevalence of atmospheric blocking highs. ComparisonCorrespondence to: W. J. Fletcher (w.fletcher@em.uni-frankfurt.de) of radiocarbon and ice-core ages for well-defined climatic transitions in the forest record suggests possible enhancement of marine reservoir ages in the Alboran Sea by ∼200 years (surface water age ∼600 years) during the Lateglacial.

show abstract

Section: Chronology Of Lateglacial Events and Possible Implications Fmentioning

confidence: 99%

Abrupt climate changes of the last deglaciation detected in a Western Mediterranean forest record

et al. 2010

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…However, in the North Atlantic, higher 14 C reservoir ages have been determined specifically for this interval (500-600 yr; ref. 24). As these were not considered in the original age model for PS2837-5 (ref.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Variability of sea-ice conditions in the Fram Strait over the past 30,000 years

Müller

Massé²,

Stein³

et al. 2009

Nature Geosci

188

181

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Sea ice is a critical component of the climate system: variations in sea-ice cover affect the albedo of polar regions, and also the rate of deepwater formation 1,2 . Changes in the sea-ice cover of the North Atlantic Ocean are thought to have been related to abrupt climate changes throughout the last glacial termination 3 , but reconstructions of sea-ice conditions are rare. Here we use the sedimentary abundance of the IP 25 and brassicasterol biomarkers, produced by sea-ice-associated diatoms and open-water phytoplankton, respectively, to generate a record of sea-ice conditions in the northernmost Atlantic Ocean for the past 30,000 years. Our reconstruction shows that a stationary margin between sea-ice cover and the open ocean existed during the Last Glacial, although perennial sea-ice cover prevailed for most of the Last Glacial Maximum. An early warming about 14,000 years ago was associated with ice-free conditions; however, seasonal sea ice was present throughout the Holocene. We find temporal links between our record of sea ice and reconstructions of the amount of relatively warm Atlantic water advected into the Nordic Seas 4,5 . We therefore conclude that changes in sea-ice conditions are linked to regional and global climate anomalies and oceanographic circulation in the North Atlantic.The distribution of sea ice in Fram Strait, the only deepwater connection (∼2,600 m mean water depth) between the Arctic and Atlantic oceans, is mainly controlled by the inflow of temperate water from the North Atlantic along the western continental margin of Spitsbergen through the Norwegian and West Spitsbergen currents 1 . In contrast, the East Greenland current carries cold water (and sea ice) southward through this gateway 1 (Fig. 1). The relative contributions of these currents strongly influence the thermohaline circulation, thus contributing to global climate 1 .Previously, it has been shown that, when detected in marine sediments, a C 25 isoprenoid lipid (IP 25 ) biosynthesized by Arctic sea-ice diatoms acts as a proxy for previous spring sea-ice occurrence and subsequent melt 6,7 , whereas the phytoplanktonderived sterol brassicasterol, reflects open-ocean conditions during summer 8 . In the current study, we present organic carbon 9 (global productivity and terrigenous organic carbon input) and fluxes of IP 25 (sea ice) and brassicasterol (phytoplankton; ref. 9) for a sediment core (PS2837-5) from the western flank of the Yermak Plateau (81 • 13.99 N, 02 • 22.85 E, northwest of Spitsbergen, 1,042 m water depth; ref. 10) close to the present-day summer sea-ice margin in Fram Strait (Fig. 1). We use the previously reported age model of PS2837-5, which is based on 14 accelerator mass spectrometry 14 C ages of tests of the planktic foraminifer Neogloboquadrina pachyderma sin. and assumes a marine-reservoir correction of 400 years and linear interpolation between 14 C-dated horizons 11 . In the following, ages are given in calibrated calendar years before present. For much of the interval between 30 and 17 kyr bp (La...

show abstract

“…Many efforts have been deployed during the last decade to better estimate reservoir ages. Several publications have also suggested changes in reservoir ages between glacial and interglacial periods (e.g., Waelbroeck et al, 2001;Bondevik et al, 2006;Sikes and Guilderson, 2013). In this context, the age model of many old records may be outdated, and even considered to be wrong.…”

Section: Conclusion Recommendations and Perspectivesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Water and carbon stable isotope records from natural archives: a new database and interactive online platform for data browsing, visualizing and downloading

et al. 2016

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Abstract. Past climate is an important benchmark to assess the ability of climate models to simulate key processes and feedbacks. Numerous proxy records exist for stable isotopes of water and/or carbon, which are also implemented inside the components of a growing number of Earth system model. Model-data comparisons can help to constrain the uncertainties associated with transfer functions. This motivates the need of producing a comprehensive compilation of different proxy sources. We have put together a global database of proxy records of oxygen (δ 18 O), hydrogen (δD) and carbon (δ 13 C) stable isotopes from different archives: ocean and lake sediments, corals, ice cores, speleothems and tree-ring cellulose. Source records were obtained from the georeferenced open access PANGAEA and NOAA libraries, complemented by additional data obtained from a literature survey. About 3000 source records were screened for chronological information and temporal resolution of proxy records. Altogether, this database consists of hundreds of dated δ 18 O, δ 13 C and δD records in a standardized simple text format, complemented with a metadata Excel catalog. A quality control flag was implemented to describe age markers and inform on chronological uncertainty. This compilation effort highlights the need to homogenize and structure the format of datasets and chronological information as well as enhance the distribution of published datasets that are currently highly fragmented and scattered. We also provide an online portal based on the records included in this database with an intuitive and interactive platform (http://climateproxiesfinder.ipsl.fr/), allowing one to easily select, visualize and download subsets of the homogeneously formatted records that constitute this database, following a choice of search criteria, and to upload new datasets. In the last part, we illustrate the type of application allowed by our database by comparing several key periods highly investigated by the paleoclimate community.

show abstract

Changes in North Atlantic Radiocarbon Reservoir Ages During the Allerød and Younger Dryas

Cited by 171 publications

References 24 publications

Abrupt climate changes of the last deglaciation detected in a Western Mediterranean forest record

Abrupt climate changes of the last deglaciation detected in a Western Mediterranean forest record

Variability of sea-ice conditions in the Fram Strait over the past 30,000 years

Water and carbon stable isotope records from natural archives: a new database and interactive online platform for data browsing, visualizing and downloading

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About