Changes in nitrogen level and mycorrhizal structure of Scots pine seedlings inoculated with Thelephora terrestris

Abstract

-• We investigated the influence of Thelephora terrestris, an ectomycorrhizal fungus, on the concentration of nitrogen in needles of Pinus sylvestris L. seedlings and their mycorrhizal structure within four seasons of growth.• Seedlings were grown in four treatments: (I) inoculated + 0.030 g N, (II) inoculated + 0.045 g N, (III) non-inoculated + 0.030 g N, (IV) non-inoculated + 0.045 g N under laboratory conditions and later planted in post-agricultural land.• For inoculated treatments, statistically significant differences in N concentration of needles were observed for two-and four-year-old seedlings. The number of ectomycorrhizae and concentration of N in needles were negatively correlated. After four seasons of growth the greatest numbers of ectomycorrhizae were present on seedlings from treatment II, and the smallest on seedlings from treatment IV.• Two-year-old seedlings had been colonized by at least six different fungal taxa, i.e. Cenococcum geophilum, Hebeloma crustuliniforme, Rhizopogon sp., Suillus bovinus, Thelephora terrestris and a non-identified one. Treatments I and II were dominated by the ectomycorrhizae of T. terrestris and their number was significantly greater than in treatments III or IV. On four-year-old seedlings ectomycorrhizae of T. terrestris were dominated in all treatments, while ectomycorrhizae of Hebeloma sp. were not found.nitrogen / Scots pine / mycorrhizae / Thelephora terrestri / molecular detection Résumé -Modifications du niveau d'azote et de la structure mycorhizienne de semis de pin sylvestre inoculés par Thelephora terrestris.• L'influence du champignon ectomycorhizien Thelephora terrestris sur la concentration en azote dans les aiguilles de semis de pin sylvestre et sur la structure mycorhizienne des plants a été suivie durant quatre saisons de croissance.• Les semis ont été cultivés sous quatre traitements : (I) inoculé + 0,030 g N, (II) inoculés + 0,045 g N, (III) non inoculés + 0,030 g N, (IV) non inoculés + 0,045 g N, dans les conditions du laboratoire avant d'être plantés sur le terrain.• Dans les traitements d'inoculés, des différences significatives ont été observées dans la concentration des aiguilles en azote pour les semis de deux et quatre ans. Le nombre de mycorhizes et la concentration des aiguilles en azote étaient corrélés négativement. Après quatre saisons de croissance, le plus grand nombre de mycorhizes a été obtenu dans le traitement II et le plus petit dans le traitement IV.• Les semis de deux ans avaient été colonisés par au moins six taxons différents de champignon : Cenococcum geophilum, Hebeloma crustuliniforme, Rhizopogon sp., Suillus bovinus, Thelephora terrestris et un autre taxon indéterminé. Dans les traitements I et II, les ectomycorhizes de T. terrestris dominaient et leur nombre était plus élevé que dans les traitements III et IV. Pour les semis de quatre ans, les ectomycorhizes de T. terrestris dominaient dans tous les traitements, tandis que celles de Hebeloma sp. étaient absentes.azote / pin sylvestre / mycorhizes / Thelephora t...

Effects of substrate and ectomycorrhizal inoculation on the development of two-years-old container-grown Norway spruce (Picea abies Karst.) seedlings

“…The low colonization effectiveness of tested commercial inocula was most likely the result of their diminished competitive ability as compared to soil-borne ECM species. Natural colonization of P. abies by soil-borne fungi in nursery conditions was reported by several authors (Tammi et al 2001, Trocha et al 2006, Pietras et al 2013, especially Thelephora terrestris, regarded as the main competitor of introduced ECM fungi (Browning & Whitney 1993, Gonzalez-Ochoa et al 2003, Hilszczanska et al 2008. Moreover, the application of fungicides and fertilizers during the growing period likely had a negative effect on beneficial ECM fungi (Smaill & Walbert 2013).…”

The effect of nursery measures on mycorrhizal colonisation of Scots pine and occurrence of soil mites

“…In case of the last mentioned trials, irrigated seedlings grown on plots fertilized with compost (sewage sludge and highmoor peat) were taller than plants cultivated under control conditions. Dominance of T. terrestris might be resulted from abilities of this species to grown even in poor arable soils with high moisture as well as high nitrogen concentration (Castellano and Molina, 1989;Hilszczańska et al, 2008). A few authors is of the opinion that T. terrestris mycorrhizas are not optimal type of mycorrhizas since they cannot promote seedlings' growth (Stenstrom and Ek, 1990) as for instance other mycorrhizal fungi, for example, Suillus bovinus (L. ex Fr.)…”

Effect of organic fertilization and mulching on the growth of European larch (Larix decidua L.) and biological activity of soils

“…Thelephora terrestris by³a najczêoeciej obserwowanym gatunkiem ektomikoryzowym u sadzonek modrzewia. Dominacja tego gatunku mo¿e byae wynikiem jego zdolnooeci do rozwoju w glebie s³abo napowietrzonej, czêsto nawadnianej i o du¿ej zawartooeci azotu (Castellano et Molina 1989;Hilszczañska et al 2008). Niektó-rzy autorzy uwa¿aj¹, ¿e mikoryzy T. terrestris nie nale¿¹ do optymalnego typu, gdy¿ nie promuj¹ adaptacji i wzrostu sadzonek (Stenström et Ek 1990) w takim stopniu, jak inne grzyby mikoryzowe, np.…”