Changes in Nankeen Kestrel Falco cenchroides breeding success at a nest-hollow after more than a decade

Mo, Matthew

doi:10.20938/afo36137140

Cited by 3 publications

(7 citation statements)

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“…The Nankeen Kestrel, together with the Peregrine Falcon Falco peregrinus, are the only diurnal raptors that habitually use tree hollows for nests where available (Debus 2019;Mo 2019). Growing and conserving hollow-bearing tree species is therefore an important means of supporting populations of these species in rural landscapes.…”

Section: Farm Managementmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The Nankeen Kestrel Falco cenchroides is a falcon of most open habitats in Australia including farmland with scattered trees and inland shrublands and woodlands (Marchant & Higgins 1993;Debus 2019). Its diet and breeding have been reported in many studies, in various states and territories of Australia (Sharland 1931;Genelly 1978;Olsen et al 1979;Bollen 1991;Paull 1991;Aumann 2001;Starr et al 2004a;Schulz & Lumsden 2009;Leach et al 2015;Tsang et al 2017;Mo 2019;Pryor 2021). The species feeds on a wide range of invertebrate and vertebrate prey.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Feast of skinks for Nankeen Kestrels Falco cenchroides breeding on a bird-friendly farm

Stewart¹

2021

AFO

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Nankeen Kestrels Falco cenchroides raised three fledglings each year from 2018 to 2020 in nests in hollows of remnant eucalypts on a farm near Deans Marsh in southern Victoria. Observations were made each year of the adults feeding the chicks during foraging sessions, enabling the prey items and estimated feeding and hunting rates to be assessed. Skinks (Scincidae) formed a substantial proportion of the prey items delivered to the chicks. The delivery rate of prey by the male feeding a brood of three—6.0 items/h in 2018 and 2019, and 11.2 items/h in 2020 over 1.2 h—was at the high end of rates previously reported in which vertebrates made up the bulk of the prey. The breeding success of the Kestrels at the study site (three fledglings per nest) was at the high end of results of studies elsewhere in Australia (1–4 fledglings per nest started). Farming practices on this property have been designed to encourage wildlife including skinks, and this might have contributed to the high breeding success of the Kestrels.

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Section: Farm Managementmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Feast of skinks for Nankeen Kestrels Falco cenchroides breeding on a bird-friendly farm

Stewart¹

2021

AFO

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“…It is mostly composed of invertebrates (Genelly 1978;Olsen et al 1979;Cupper & Cupper 1981;Aumann 2001;Debus et al 2007;Schulz & Lumsden 2009;Leach et al 2015;Tsang et al 2017;Debus 2019). Other prey groups consumed include mammals (Boehm 1961;Hayward & MacFarlane 1971), birds (Sharland 1931;Bywater 1966;Czechura 1971;Weston 1998;Oliver 2004;Pacher 2010) and reptiles (Bollen 1991;Aumann 2001;Starr et al 2004;Mo 2019). The diet varies with differences in age, breeding status and geographic region.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The breeding diet appears to be dominated by either invertebrates (Olsen et al 1979;Cupper & Cupper 1981;Paull 1991;Marchant & Higgins 1993;Tsang et al 2017) or lizards (Bollen 1991;Marchant & Higgins 1993;Starr et al 2004;Mo 2019). The dietary composition may change during different periods of the breeding cycle and the relative prey biomass contribution may become more important if there is a shift to vertebrates (Paull 1991).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The Nankeen Kestrel is a usual resident of the Hunter Region, New South Wales (Williams 2019) and breeding has been reported (Stuart 2018). However, although the breeding diet has been studied in several parts of Australia (Sutton 1930;Sharland 1931;Olsen et al 1979;Cupper & Cupper 1981;Bollen 1991;Paull 1991;Starr et al 2004;Tsang et al 2017;Mo 2019), it has not been well studied in the Hunter Region. Therefore, the aim of the present study was to document the breeding diet of Nankeen Kestrels in the Hunter Region.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Predation and prey-caching of Eastern Water Skinks Eulamprus quoyii by nesting Nankeen Kestrels Falco cenchroides in eastern New South Wales

Pryor¹

2021

AFO

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The breeding diet of a pair of Nankeen Kestrels Falco cenchroides nesting in Beresfield, eastern New South Wales, in 2020 was investigated. By individual prey species, the diet comprised 61.3% reptiles (including two prey species not previously recorded in the Nankeen Kestrel diet—Eastern Water Skink Eulamprus quoyii and most likely Southern Rainbow Skink Carlia tetradactyla), 9.7% birds (including a new prey species—Superb Fairy-wren Malurus cyaneus), 6.4% invertebrates (two crickets: Grylloidea), 3.2% mammals (one House Mouse Mus musculus) and 19.4% unidentified prey items (percentages by number). During 31.5 h of observations, the male delivered 22/31 prey items (71%) and the female delivered 9/31 prey items (29%) to the nest tree. The average delivery rate over the entire nestling period was one prey item per hour. Prey-caching, whereby the female stored lizards in the fork of a tree and later retrieved them and fed them tothe single nestling, was observed. Further studies are needed to obtain well-documented accounts of prey-caching by Australian falcons.

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Resilient wildlife of the sprawling suburbia of south-eastern Sydney

Mo²

2022

RandA

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Changes in Nankeen Kestrel Falco cenchroides breeding success at a nest-hollow after more than a decade

Cited by 3 publications

References 0 publications

Feast of skinks for Nankeen Kestrels Falco cenchroides breeding on a bird-friendly farm

Feast of skinks for Nankeen Kestrels Falco cenchroides breeding on a bird-friendly farm

Predation and prey-caching of Eastern Water Skinks Eulamprus quoyii by nesting Nankeen Kestrels Falco cenchroides in eastern New South Wales

Resilient wildlife of the sprawling suburbia of south-eastern Sydney

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