Changes in mortality associated with cancer drug approvals in the United States from 2000 to 2016

MacEwan, Joanna P.; Dennen, Syvart; Kee, Rebecca; Farzad, Ali; Shafrin, Jason; Batt, Katharine

doi:10.1080/13696998.2020.1834403

Cited by 9 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 61 publications

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“…Our descriptive analyses build on recent work in broader populations of lung cancer and NSCLC patients [ 4 , 9 ], demonstrating population level improvements in survival of subgroups of patients with admNSCLC over time which align well with the timing of the introduction of targeted and immunotherapies. However, by utilizing patient level EHR data on treatment and outcomes, we have been able to go further than previous studies, demonstrating that the changes in treatment patterns may plausibly explain the observed improvements in survival.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 72%

The value of innovation: association between improvements in survival of advanced and metastatic non-small cell lung cancer and targeted and immunotherapy

Ramagopalan

Leahy²,

Ray

et al. 2021

BMC Med

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Background Significant improvements in mortality among patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) in the USA over the past two decades have been reported based on Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) data. The timing of these improvements led to suggestions that they result from the introduction of new treatments; however, few studies have directly investigated this. The aim of this study was to investigate the extent to which population level improvements in survival of advanced and/or metastatic NSCLC (admNSCLC) patients were associated with changes in treatment patterns. Methods We utilized a de-identified database to select three cohorts of patients with admNSCLC: (1) patients with non-oncogene (EGFR/ALK/ROS1/BRAF) positive tumors, (2) patients with ALK-positive (ALK+) tumors, and (3) patients with EGFR-positive (EGFR+) tumors. All patients were diagnosed with admNSCLC between 2012 and 2019. Multivariable Cox models adjusting for baseline characteristics and receipt of targeted and immunotherapy were utilized to explore the relationship between these variables and changes in the hazard of death by calendar year in each cohort. Results We included 28,154 admNSCLC patients with non-oncogene positive tumors, 598 with ALK+ tumors, and 2464 with EGFR+ tumors eligible for analysis. After adjustment for differences in baseline characteristics, the hazard of death in patients who had non-oncogene positive tumors diagnosed in 2015, 2016, 2017, 2018 ,and 2019 was observed to be 12%, 11%, 17%, 20%, and 21% lower respectively than that for those diagnosed in 2012. Upon additionally adjusting for receipt of first line or second line immunotherapy, the decrease in the hazard of death by calendar year was no longer observed, suggesting improvements in survival observed over time may be explained by the introduction of these treatments. Similarly, decreases in the hazard of death were only observed in patients with ALK+ tumors diagnosed between 2017 and 2019 relative to 2012 but were no longer observed following adjustment for the use of 1st and later generation ALK inhibitors. Among patients with EGFR+ tumors, the hazard of death did not improve significantly over time. Conclusion Our findings expand on the SEER data and provide additional evidence suggesting improvements in survival of patients with advanced and metastatic NSCLC over the past decade could be explained by the change in treatment patterns over this period.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 72%

The value of innovation: association between improvements in survival of advanced and metastatic non-small cell lung cancer and targeted and immunotherapy

Ramagopalan

Leahy²,

Ray

et al. 2021

BMC Med

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“…The National Institute of Cancer has identified an annual decrease in cancer mortality between −0.7% and −2% in France attributable to earlier diagnosis and significant therapeutic advances. 19 At 31 December 2021 landmark, ITs enabled 16 173 (range: 13 804-17 141) deaths to be avoided, corresponding to 12.2% of additional patients surviving compared to the previous standard of care at this date. The number of initiating patients in our study corresponded to 4.2% of incident cancer patients in France, but deaths avoided represents 10% of annual deaths meaning ITs have had a large positive impact on cancer mortality.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Some studies demonstrated that innovative cancer drug approvals were associated with a reduction from 10% to 30% in cancer mortality between 1990 and 2011. 17 , 18 , 19 These studies are few, were interested in different countries with heterogeneous HTA processes and are not specific to a given class of drugs. Thus, while ITs are now largely available in France and in >20 cancer indications, little is known about their benefit at a population level, in reducing mortality and increasing life-years (LYs) gained.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Clinical benefit of anti-PD-(L)1 immunotherapies in advanced cancer in France: a population-based estimate from 2014 to 2021

Grumberg,

Cotté,

Giroux-Leprieur

et al. 2024

ESMO Open

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“…According to United States data, the five-year survival of colorectal cancer is 65%. Between 2000 and 2016, there was a 34% reduction in colorectal cancer-related mortality with cancer drug approvals 6 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Classification of colorectal cancer based on gene sequencing data with XGBoost model: An application of public health informatics

Akbulut

Küçükakçali

Çolak

2022

Cukurova Medical Journal

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Amaç: Bu çalışma, bir makine öğrenmesi yöntemi olan XGBoost yöntemi ile açık erişimli kolorektal kanser gen verilerini sınıflandırmayı ve temel genleri tanımlamayı amaçlamaktadır. Gereç ve Yöntem: Çalışmada açık erişimli kolorektal kanser gen veri seti kullanıldı. Veri seti, sağlıklı kontrollerden 10 mukozanın ve kolorektal kanserli 12 hastanın kolon mukozasının gen dizileme sonuçlarını içeriyordu. Hastalığı sınıflandırmak için makine öğrenmesi yöntemlerinden biri olan XGboost kullanıldı. Model performansı için doğruluk, dengelenmiş doğruluk, duyarlılık, seçicilik, pozitif tahmin değeri ve negatif tahmin değeri performans metrikleri değerlendirildi. Bulgular: Değişken seçim yöntemine göre 17 gen seçilmiş ve bu girdi değişkenleri ile modelleme yapılmıştır. Modelleme sonuçlarından elde edilen doğruluk, dengeli doğruluk, duyarlılık, özgüllük, pozitif tahmin değeri, negatif tahmin değeri ve F1 puanı sırasıyla %95.5, %95.8, %91.7, %1, %1 ve %90.9 ve %95.7 idi. XGboost tekniği sonucundan elde edilen değişken önemliliklerine göre, CYR61, NR4A, FOSB ve NR4A2 genleri kolorektal kanser için biyolojik belirteçler olarak kullanılabilir. Sonuç: Bu araştırma sonucunda kolorektal kanserle bağlantılı olabilecek genlerin yanı sıra hastalığa yönelik genetik biyobelirteçler de belirlendi. Gelecekte, tespit edilen genlerin güvenilirliği doğrulanabilir, bu genlere dayalı olarak terapötik prosedürler oluşturulabilir ve klinik pratikteki yararları belgelenebilir.

show abstract

Changes in mortality associated with cancer drug approvals in the United States from 2000 to 2016

Cited by 9 publications

References 61 publications

The value of innovation: association between improvements in survival of advanced and metastatic non-small cell lung cancer and targeted and immunotherapy

The value of innovation: association between improvements in survival of advanced and metastatic non-small cell lung cancer and targeted and immunotherapy

Clinical benefit of anti-PD-(L)1 immunotherapies in advanced cancer in France: a population-based estimate from 2014 to 2021

Classification of colorectal cancer based on gene sequencing data with XGBoost model: An application of public health informatics

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