Changes in Metabolic Syndrome Status and Risk of Dementia

Abstract

This study investigated the effects of changes in metabolic syndrome (MS) status and each component on subsequent dementia occurrence. The study population was participants of a biennial National Health Screening Program in 2009–2010 and 2011–2012 in Korea. Participants were divided into four groups according to change in MS status during the two-year interval screening: sustained normal, worsened (normal to MS), improved (MS to normal), and sustained MS group. Risk of dementia among the groups was estimated from the second screening date to 31 December 2016 using a Cox proportional hazards model. A total of 4,106,590 participants were included. The mean follow-up was 4.9 years. Compared to the sustained normal group, adjusted hazard ratios (aHR) (95% confidence interval) were 1.11 (1.08–1.13) for total dementia, 1.08 (1.05–1.11) for Alzheimer’s disease, and 1.20 (1.13–1.28) for vascular dementia in the worsened group; 1.12 (1.10–1.15), 1.10 (1.07–1.13), and 1.19 (1.12–1.27) for the improved group; and 1.18 (1.16–1.20), 1.13 (1.11–1.15), and 1.38 (1.32–1.44) for the sustained MS group. Normalization of MS lowered the risk of all dementia types; total dementia (aHR 1.18 versus 1.12), Alzheimer’s disease (1.13 versus 1.10), and vascular dementia (1.38 versus 1.19). Among MS components, fasting glucose and blood pressure showed more impact. In conclusion, changes in MS status were associated with the risk of dementia. Strategies to improve MS, especially hyperglycemia and blood pressure, may help to prevent dementia.

Changes in Metabolic Syndrome Status and Breast Cancer Risk: A Nationwide Cohort Study

“…based on the medical expense that medical service providers charge for their medical expenditures), prescription information, and health examinations (results of cardiovascular and cancer screening) [ 20 , 21 ]. Many previous epidemiological studies have used this database and its details have been described elsewhere [ 22 , 23 ].…”

“…This study compared 2009–2010 and 2011–2012 results of the national health screening program [ 22 , 23 ]. Using changes in MetS status during the continuous biennial checkup, participants were categorized into four groups: sustained non-MetS, transition to MetS, transition to non-MetS, and sustained MetS.…”

Gallic acid improves recognition memory and decreases oxidative‐inflammatory damage in the rat hippocampus with metabolic syndrome

“…Epidemiological and clinical studies associate MS with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2D), cardiovascular diseases, and, recently, with dementia (Liu et al., 2020). In recent years, MS has been considered an important risk factor in the development of dementia (Borshchev, Uspensky, & Galagudza, 2019; Lee et al., 2020; Trevino et al., 2017), including mild cognitive impairment or even the onset of Alzheimer's disease (AD) (Ivanova et al., 2020; Rojas‐Gutierrez et al., 2017). Evidence suggests that obese people with MS are at higher risk of developing AD type dementia (Atti et al., 2019; Diaz et al., 2018; Oron‐Herman et al., 2008).…”

A Study of the Effectiveness Verification of Computer-Based Dementia Assessment Contents (Co-Wis): Non-Randomized Study

“…Dementia is a degenerative disease, its early diagnosis is critical, and considerable effort has been invested in preventing and curing dementia [4]. To receive a diagnosis of dementia, diverse treatments or interventions, modifiable dementia risk factors need to be addressed to prevent this disease [3].…”

“…Dementia is a degenerative disease, its early diagnosis is critical, and considerable effort has been invested in preventing and curing dementia [4]. To receive a diagnosis of dementia, diverse medical assessment encompassing interpretation of neuropsychological tests, imaging or pathology, medical history, and assessment of activities of daily living are needed [5].…”