Changes in mammary uptake and metabolic fate of glucose with once-daily milking and feed restriction in dairy cows

Guinard-Flament, Jocelyne; Delamaire, Eloise; Lemosquet, Sophie; Boutinaud, Marion; David, Yolande

doi:10.1051/rnd:2006030

Cited by 26 publications

(27 citation statements)

References 47 publications

(49 reference statements)

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“…The reduction in milk yield observed in the underfed sheep, compared with overfed, of this study maybe due to the fact that restricted feed intake reduces cardiac output and decreases blood flow and nutrient supply to the mammary gland (Guinard-Flament et al 2006) (Table 3). Furthermore, there is a concomitant reduction in mammary glucose uptake per unit blood flow following a feed restriction which induces down regulation of the glucose transporter-1 and sodium glucose contransporter-1 genes (Boutinaud et al 2008).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 83%

The effect of long term under- and over-feeding of sheep on milk and plasma fatty acid profiles and on insulin and leptin concentrations

Tsiplakou

Chadio

Zervas

2012

Journal of Dairy Research

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Since sheep's milk is mainly used for cheese making and milk chemical composition and fatty acids (FA) profile affect cheese yield and quality, the objective of this study was to determine the effects of different feeding levels on milk chemical composition and FA profile, as well as on plasma FA profile, and on insulin and leptin concentrations. Twenty-four sheep were assigned to three homogeneous sub-groups. Throughout the experimental period each group was fed the same diet but in quantities which met 70% (under-feeding), 100% (control) and 130% (over-feeding) of their respective energy and crude protein requirements. The results showed that the underfed sheep had higher milk fat content compared with overfed. In blood plasma the concentrations of C18:0and C18:1in the underfed sheep were significantly higher compared with control and overfed sheep. The concentrations of leptin and insulin were significantly higher in overfed compared with underfed sheep. Underfeeding reduced the concentrations of short chain FA (SCFA) and medium chain FA (MCFA) and increased that of C18:0and mono unsaturated FA (MUFA) in sheep milk fat compared with controls and overfed. The concentrations of C18:0, long chain FA (LCFA) and monounsaturated FA (MUFA) in milk were significantly higher and those of SCFA, MCFA and saturated FA (SFA) significantly lower in the underfed compared with the overfed sheep. In conclusion, long term under- and over-feeding affected the sheep milk chemical composition and FA profile which consequently has an impact on milk products yield (cheese and yogurt) and quality (human health).

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 83%

The effect of long term under- and over-feeding of sheep on milk and plasma fatty acid profiles and on insulin and leptin concentrations

Tsiplakou

Chadio

Zervas

2012

Journal of Dairy Research

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“…This confirms our earlier work where simultaneous glucose concentrations in the v. auricularis magna and v. subcutanea abdominis were compared (Stamatović et al, 1983). Moreover, glucose is utilised by the mammary gland mainly for lactose synthesis and to supply ATP (through glycolysis and the TCA cycle), as well as for milk fat formation (Guinard-Flament et al, 2006). The J/M ratio for NEFA concentrations in dry and LY cows was lower than 1.0, indicating that in those cows the mammary gland was sufficiently supplied with energy precursors and had no need to use endogenous sources for metabolic activity.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A comparison of the concentrations of energy-balance-related variables in jugular and mammary vein blood of dairy cows with different milk yield

Šamanc

Kirovski

Lakic

et al. 2014

Acta Veterinaria Hungarica

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The aim of this study was to compare the concentrations of blood variables obtained simultaneously from the jugular and mammary veins of dairy cows. Eighty Holstein cows were divided into four equal groups: dry, low-(LY), medium-(MY) and high-yielding (HY). Blood insulin, glucose, non-esterified fatty acid (NEFA), beta-hydroxybutyrate (BHBA) and urea concentrations were measured. The jugular and mammary vein (J/M) ratio between concentrations of each variable was calculated. Differences between the groups of cows in concentrations of variables in the jugular vein were not in accordance with those obtained for the mammary vein. J/M values for insulin and glucose concentrations were above 1.0 in all groups of cows. The ratios for NEFA and BHBA concentrations were under or equal to 1.0 in dry and LY cows but above 1.0 in the MY and HY groups, indicating that in MY and HY cows those metabolites are apparently utilised by the mammary gland. J/M values for urea were above 1.0 in dry and LY cows but less than 1.0 in groups MY and HY, indicating that in the latter case urea is apparently released by the mammary gland. In conclusion, J/M for NEFA, BHBA and urea may be useful for estimation of the critical point when the mammary gland receives insufficient energy precursors for its current activity.Key words: Energy balance, mammary vein, jugular vein, dairy cow, milk yield Energy balance (EB) is calculated as the difference between energy consumption in the diet and energy use by the body to support maintenance, growth, milk

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“…Lactose synthesis and milk yield have shown a linear correlation with glucose uptake in mammary gland (1,2). In addition to lactose synthesis, which represents major fate of glucose in MEC, oxidation of glucose also facilitates synthesis of other milk components such as fatty acids (3).…”

Section: Expression Profiling Of Glucose Transporter 1 (Glut1) and Apmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The rate of cell proliferation and apoptosis are the key processes that maintain equilibrium of MEC in the mammary gland during lactation (10,27). The expression of BAX and BCL2 genes and BAX=BCL2 ratio were calculated as indicative of the apoptotic rate in MEC harvested at different time points of lactation (1,14,21). Furthermore, BAX and BCL2 expression in milk MEC had been correlated with the decrease in milk yield during daily milking (13,21,22 (Fig.…”

Section: Expression Of Glut1 and Apoptotic Genes In Mec 155mentioning

confidence: 99%

Expression Profiling of Glucose Transporter 1 (GLUT1) and Apoptotic Genes (BAX and BCL2) in Milk Enriched Mammary Epithelial Cells (MEC) in Riverine Buffalo during Lactation

Yadav

Singh

Mukesh

et al. 2014

Animal Biotechnology

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Lactation is an important physiological process in dairy animals. During lactation, up to 85% of the body glucose is directed toward the mammary glands for milk synthesis. Studies related to lactation physiology are generally carried out on mammary biopsies, which may adversely affect animal health. In the present study, milk enriched MEC were used to study the expression pattern of GLUT1 and apoptotic genes (BAX and BCL2) across different stages of lactation in riverine buffalo in relation to milk yield. MEC were enriched from milk using cytokeratin-8 antibodies coated magnetic beads. Total RNA isolated from enriched MEC showed significant correlation (r(2) = 0.92 ± 0.02) with the milk yield at different stages of lactation. GLUT1 expression pattern correlated with the milk yield as highest GLUT1 expression (4.68 ± 0.79) was observed during peak-lactation (90 days post-parturition), whereas low GLUT1 expression (1.01 ± 0.1, 15 d; 0.71 ± 0.03, 30 d) was observed during early lactation. The BAX/BCL2 ratio was high (1.02 ± 0.2, 15 d; 0.94 ± 0.06, 30 d) during the early phase of lactation, indicating high rate of apoptosis, whereas low BAX/BCL2 ratio (0.25 ± 0.03, 60 d; 0.42 ± 0.04, 90 d) was observed during mid-lactation coinciding with the increase in RNA concentration and milk yield. Highest BAX/BCL2 ratio (1.41 ± 0.3, 120 d; 4.02 ± 0.6, 240 d) was observed during late lactation i.e., 240 days, which was also reflected as decline in milk yield and RNA concentration. Also, BAX/BCL2 ratio in milk enriched MEC was in accordance with RNA concentration in MEC and milk yield at different phases of lactation. Our study showed that expression pattern of genes under study (GLUT1, BAX, and BCL2) in milk enriched MEC correlated well with important physiological properties such as milk yield in buffalo.

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Changes in mammary uptake and metabolic fate of glucose with once-daily milking and feed restriction in dairy cows

Cited by 26 publications

References 47 publications

The effect of long term under- and over-feeding of sheep on milk and plasma fatty acid profiles and on insulin and leptin concentrations

The effect of long term under- and over-feeding of sheep on milk and plasma fatty acid profiles and on insulin and leptin concentrations

A comparison of the concentrations of energy-balance-related variables in jugular and mammary vein blood of dairy cows with different milk yield

Expression Profiling of Glucose Transporter 1 (GLUT1) and Apoptotic Genes (BAX and BCL2) in Milk Enriched Mammary Epithelial Cells (MEC) in Riverine Buffalo during Lactation

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