Changes in Levels of Phenylethanoid Glycosides, Antioxidant Activity, and Other Quality Traits in <i>Cistanche deserticola</i> Slices by Steam Processing

Abstract

We investigated the effect of steaming time on Cistanche deserticola Y. C. MA slices by analyzing levels of bioactive compounds, antioxidant activity, and weight loss compared with fresh, directly oven-dried, and blanched samples. Fresh samples had extremely low levels of phenylethanoid glycosides and antioxidant activity. Lower levels of weight loss and higher amounts of soluble sugars, polysaccharides, and dilute ethanolsoluble extracts were found when the slices were steamed rather than blanched. Slices steamed for 5 and 7 min contained significantly (p<0.05) higher amounts of acteoside, isoacteoside, and 2′-acetylacteoside than directly oven-dried samples. However, soluble sugars and dilute ethanol-soluble extracts decreased gradually throughout the steaming process. The concentration of polysaccharides fluctuated during the steaming process. The steaming time had a consistent effect on antioxidant properties evaluated by oxygen radical absorbance capacity (ORAC), 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl free radical scavenging activity (DPPH) and ferric reducing antioxidant property (FRAP), showing a significant increase and reaching 108.62, 23.08, and 11.68 micromoles Trolox per mass of fresh slice (μmol TE/g FW), respectively. The present results suggest that fresh-cut C. deserticola can be subjected to approximately 5-7 min of steaming to improve phenylethanoid glycoside levels and antioxidant activity, while still preserving the amounts of soluble sugars, polysaccharides, and dilute ethanol-soluble extracts. These results would help to improve the production process for fresh-cut Chinese medicines, and increase the understanding of their associated health benefits.

Phytochemical and Bioactive Properties of Phelypaea Tournefortii – Effect of Parasitic Lifestyle and Environmental Factors

“…Studies have shown that the antioxidant activity of C. tubulosa was ABTS•+ 1.39 mM TEAC/g and FRAP 1.61 mM FEAC/g respectively (Xiong et al, 2013). In other studies, the maximum free radical scavenging activity as defined in the DPPH test was 23.08 μmol TE/g FW and FRAP was 11.68 μmol TE/g (Peng et al, 2016). The antioxidant property of the dried flowers of P. tournefortii was much higher compared to these studies.…”

Anti-Osteoporotic Activity of an Edible Traditional Chinese Medicine Cistanche deserticola on Bone Metabolism of Ovariectomized Rats Through RANKL/RANK/TRAF6-Mediated Signaling Pathways

“…Given C. deserticola was usually employed to deal with kidney deficiency in Chinese folk medicine, which implied this edible medicinal herb can be regarded as promising alternative agent to intervene osteoporosis based on the theory of “kidney dominate bone” (Wang et al, 2016). Published data had proved the anti-osteoporotic effect of C. deserticola extracts both in vivo and in vitro (Liang et al, 2011; Li et al, 2012; Liang et al, 2013; Xu et al, 2017; Song et al, 2018), and several isolated compounds including echinacoside (Li et al, 2013), acteoside (Lee et al, 2013), and cistanoside A (Xu et al, 2017) which also had been reported processing anti-osteoporotic activities; and other compounds like 2’-acetylacteoside was confirmed possessed antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, neuroprotective, hepatoprotective, immune-enhancing (Li et al, 2016), and anti-aging potentials (Peng et al, 2016). To date, dozens of bioactive phenylethanoid glycosides have been identified from Cistanche herb (Wang et al, 2012), echinacoside, and acteoside are the main compounds existing in most of the Cistanche species with the contents were 1.83–41.49 and 0.27–8.28 mg/kg, respectively; whereas the other phenylethanoid glycosides including 2’-acetylacteoside, 6’-acetylacteoside, cistanoside A, cistanoside C, and isoacteoside were 1.56–3.16 mg/g, 0.49–1.66 mg/kg, 1.41–10.11 mg/kg, 0.33–2.24 mg/kg, and 0.08–5.00 mg/kg, respectively (Dong et al, 2018).…”

Total Glycosides of Cistanche deserticola Promote Neurological Function Recovery by Inducing Neurovascular Regeneration via Nrf-2/Keap-1 Pathway in MCAO/R Rats

“…As previously described (Jiang and Tu, 2009), TGs contain lots of bioactive compounds, for example echinacoside, tubuloside A, acteoside, isoacteoside and 2'-acetylacteoside, and some of them showed neuroprotective functions after cerebral I/R injury (Peng et al, 2016). Echinacoside has lots of pharmacological effects, such as antioxidation, anti-senescence, neuroprotection, anti-inflammation, promotion of cicatrization, hepatoprotection, promotion of bone formation and anti-tumor activities (Yu et al, 2016;Li et al, 2018;Ji et al, 2019;Xu et al, 2019).…”