Changes in J-SOAP-II and SAVRY Scores Over the Course of Residential, Cognitive-Behavioral Treatment for Adolescent Sexual Offending

Viljoen, Jodi L.; Gray, Andrew L.; Shaffer, Catherine S.; Latzman, Natasha E.; Scalora, Mario J.; Ullman, Daniel

doi:10.1177/1079063215595404

Cited by 17 publications

(28 citation statements)

References 102 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…This would suggest that the tool is not sufficiently sensitive to measure changes that juvenile offenders experience during their transition through the juvenile justice system. The results of the present study are consistent with the limited number of studies on the measurement of change with SAVRY assessments [9, 12, 13]. This small body of work suggests that SAVRY has difficulties in measuring change in risk/needs of adolescent offenders.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 88%

“…Unfortunately, there is very little known about the extent to which SAVRY is capable of measuring the changes that juvenile offenders experience during adolescence. In a retrospective study in Canada, Viljoen et al [12] found that approximately one-third part of the sample of 163 juvenile sex offenders, who attended a residential cognitive-behavioural program, showed a decrease in their average scores on the SAVRY dynamic risk items and 8% had an increase on the average scores of the protective items. In a longitudinal study with male ( n = 107) and female ( n = 49) juvenile offenders, Viljoen et al [13] reported that SAVRY reassessments during the probation period were no more predictive than the initial assessment at the start of the probation, suggesting that the average change in risk/needs between the two moments in time had no influence on the predictive validity of the risk assessment.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Supervision trajectories of male juvenile offenders: growth mixture modeling on SAVRY risk assessments

Hilterman

Bongers

Nicholls

et al. 2018

Child Adolesc Psychiatry Ment Health

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Background: Structured risk/need assessment tools are increasingly used to orientate risk reduction strategies with juvenile offenders. The assumption is that the risk/need items on these tools are sufficiently sensitive to measure changes in the individual, family and/or contextual characteristics of juvenile offenders. However, there is very little research demonstrating the capacity of these tools to measure changes in juvenile offenders. Congruent with the developmental and life-course criminology theories (DLC) the objective of this study is to explore the existence of heterogeneous trajectories of juvenile offenders across the juvenile justice system as measured through five empirical risk/need areas based on the Structured Assessment of Violence Risk in Youth (SAVRY), one of the most widely applied risk assessment tools for juveniles.Methods: This longitudinal study included 5205 male juvenile offenders who transitioned through the Catalan juvenile justice system between 2006 and 2014. During intervention they received at least two, and a maximum of seven, consecutive SAVRY risk/need assessments over an 18-month period. The heterogeneity of latent class trajectories was explored through growth mixture modeling (GMM). The trajectory class membership was linked to covariates through multinomial logistic regression analyses.Results: Through GMM three to four heterogeneous trajectories, with high quality of separation, were identified in each of the risk/need areas. The trajectories with low risk/needs (45-77% of the sample) remained low and presented a very limited increase in risk/needs during the 18-month period. The high risk/need trajectories (20-37% of the sample) showed a limited decrease or no change. Between 5 and 13% of the sample had large reductions in their risk/ needs levels, and approximately 5% showed a large increase in risk/needs. Conclusions:In line with the DLC theories this study shows that trajectories on criminogenic risk/needs can be heterogeneous and indicate distinct rates of change over time. The results of this study also may suggest a limited sensibility to measure change over time of SAVRY's risk and protective items. Suggestions to improve the sensitivity of measuring change over time, such as shorter time frames or future-oriented time frames for the scoring of the items, are offered.

show abstract

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 88%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Supervision trajectories of male juvenile offenders: growth mixture modeling on SAVRY risk assessments

Hilterman

Bongers

Nicholls

et al. 2018

Child Adolesc Psychiatry Ment Health

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Consistent with other studies (Draycott et al, 2012;Viljoen et al, 2015), we calculated SEM using interrater reliability, as this is an important form of reliability for risk assessment tools. MDC was calculated as MDC = 1.96 (Beckerman et al, 2001;Statford et al, 1996).…”

Section: Measurement Error and Reliable Change Sem Was Calculated Asmentioning

confidence: 78%

Are adolescent risk assessment tools sensitive to change? A framework and examination of the SAVRY and the YLS/CMI.

Viljoen¹,

Shaffer²,

Gray³

et al. 2017

Law and Human Behavior

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Although many adolescent risk assessment tools include an emphasis on dynamic factors, little research has examined the extent to which these tools are capable of measuring change. In this article, we outline a framework to evaluate a tool’s capacity to measure change. This framework includes the following: (a) measurement error and reliable change, and (b) sensitivity (i.e., internal, external, and relative sensitivity). We then used this framework to evaluate the Structured Assessment of Violence Risk in Youth (SAVRY) and Youth Level of Service/Case Management Inventory (YLS/CMI). Research assistants conducted 509 risk assessments with 146 adolescents on probation (101 male, 45 female), who were assessed every 3 months over a 1-year period. Internal sensitivity (i.e., change over time) was partially supported in that a modest proportion of youth showed reliable changes over the 3-, 6-, and 12-month follow-ups. External sensitivity (i.e., the association between change scores and reoffending) was also partially supported. In particular, 22% of the associations between change scores and any and violent reoffending were significant at a 6-month follow-up. However, only 1 change score (i.e., peer associations) remained significant after the Bonferroni correction was applied. Finally, relative sensitivity was not supported, as the SAVRY and YLS/CMI was not more dynamic than the Psychopathy Checklist: Youth Version (PCL:YV). Specifically, the 1-year rank-order stability coefficients for the SAVRY, YLS/CMI, and PCL:YV Total Scores were .78, .75, and .76, respectively. Although the SAVRY and YLS/CMI hold promise, further efforts may help to enhance sensitivity to short-term changes in risk.

show abstract

“…Thus far, a study with adolescents in a residential treatment program for sexual offending, found that although SAVRY protective factors increased over the course of treatment, these increases did not translate into reductions in reoffending (Viljoen, Gray, Shaffer, Latzman, et al, 2017). In addition, a prior study from the current sample found that SAVRY protective factors showed some, modest change over time among adolescents on probation, but this study did not use statistical procedures, such as multilevel modelling (MLM), to test if within-individual increases in protective factors predicted subsequent decreases in offending (Viljoen, Shaffer, Gray, & Douglas, 2017).…”

Section: Gaps In Research: the Need For Conceptually Informed Researchmentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessing Protective Factors for Adolescent Offending: A Conceptually Informed Examination of the SAVRY and YLS/CMI

et al. 2018

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Although the Structured Assessment of Violence Risk in Youth (SAVRY) and the Youth Level of Service/Case Management Inventory (YLS/CMI) are among the most widely used adolescent risk assessment tools, they conceptualize and measure strengths differently. As such, in this study, we compared the predictive validity of SAVRY Protective Total and YLS/CMI Strength Total, and tested conceptual models of how these measures operate (i.e., risk vs. protective effects, direct vs. buffering effects, causal models). Research assistants conducted 624 risk assessments with 156 youth on probation. They rated protective factors at baseline, and again at 3-, 6-, 9-, and 12-month follow-up periods. The SAVRY Protective Total and YLS/CMI Strength Total inversely predicted any charges in the subsequent 2 years (area under the curve scores = 0.61 and 0.60, respectively, p < .05). Furthermore, when adolescents' protective total scores increased, their self-reported violence decreased, thus providing evidence that these factors might play a causally relevant role in reducing violence. However, protective factors did not provide incremental validity over risk factors. In addition, because these measures are brief and use a dichotomous rating system, they primarily captured deficits in protective factors (i.e., low scores). This suggests a need for more comprehensive measures.

show abstract

Changes in J-SOAP-II and SAVRY Scores Over the Course of Residential, Cognitive-Behavioral Treatment for Adolescent Sexual Offending

Cited by 17 publications

References 102 publications

Supervision trajectories of male juvenile offenders: growth mixture modeling on SAVRY risk assessments

Supervision trajectories of male juvenile offenders: growth mixture modeling on SAVRY risk assessments

Are adolescent risk assessment tools sensitive to change? A framework and examination of the SAVRY and the YLS/CMI.

Assessing Protective Factors for Adolescent Offending: A Conceptually Informed Examination of the SAVRY and YLS/CMI

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About