Changes in intestinal bacteria and imbalances of metabolites induced in the intestines of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma patients in a Japanese population: a preliminary result

Hashimoto, Senju; Tochio, Takumi; Funasaka, Kohei; Funahashi, Kazuki; Hartanto, Tenagy; Togashi, Yuka; Saito, Misa; Nishimoto, Yuichiro; Mizuguchi, Yoshinori; Nakaoka, Kazunori; Watanabe, Ayako; Nagasaka, Mitsuo; Nakagawa, Yoshihito; Miyahara, Ryoji; Shibata, Tomoyuki; Hirooka, Yoshiki

doi:10.1080/00365521.2022.2114812

Cited by 16 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 31 publications

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“…Following further exclusion of irrelevant papers, animal experiments or cytological studies, conference abstracts, or reviews, 12 studies remained with sufficient data for meta-analysis. Therefore, 12 studies met our inclusion criteria and were ultimately included [4,8–10,14–21] (Table 2).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Quantitative evaluation of gut microbiota composition in pancreatic cancer: A pooled study

Jin,

Zhou

et al. 2024

Medicine

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Background: Prior research has demonstrated a positive association between the composition of gut microbiota and the incidence of pancreatic cancer. Nevertheless, a thorough quantitative and systematic evaluation of the distinct properties of gut microbiota in individuals diagnosed with pancreatic cancer has yet to be conducted. The objective of this study is to examine alterations in the diversity of intestinal microbiota in individuals diagnosed with pancreatic cancer. Methods: Search for relevant literature published before July 2023 in 4 databases: PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, and Cochrane Library, without any language restrictions. Results: A total of 12 studies were included, including 535 patients with pancreatic cancer and 677 healthy controls. Analysis was conducted on 6 phyla, 16 genera, and 6 species. The study found significant and distinctive changes in the α-diversity of gut microbiota, as well as in the relative abundance of multiple gut bacterial groups at the phylum, genus, and species levels in pancreatic cancer patients. Conclusion: Overall, there are certain characteristic changes in the gut microbiota of pancreatic cancer patients. However, further research is warranted to elucidate the specific mechanism of action and the potential for treatment.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Quantitative evaluation of gut microbiota composition in pancreatic cancer: A pooled study

Jin,

Zhou

et al. 2024

Medicine

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“…It is found that the levels of propionate and butyrate were reduced and the composition of fecal microbiota was altered in patients with pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma compared to controls (104,105). Targeting tumor-specific immune cells, SCFAs showed strong anti-cancer effects either in isolation or in combination with other tumor remedies.…”

Section: Pancreatic Cancermentioning

confidence: 99%

Gut microbiota-derived short-chain fatty acids regulate gastrointestinal tumor immunity: a novel therapeutic strategy?

et al. 2023

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Tumor immune microenvironment (TIME), a tumor-derived immune component, is proven to be closely related to the development, metastasis, and recurrence of tumors. Gut microbiota and its fermented-metabolites short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) play a critical role in maintaining the immune homeostasis of gastrointestinal tumors. Consisting mainly of acetate, propionate, and butyrate, SCFAs can interact with G protein-coupled receptors 43 of T helper 1 cell or restrain histone deacetylases (HDACs) of cytotoxic T lymphocytes to exert immunotherapy effects. Studies have shed light on SCFAs can mediate the differentiation and function of regulatory T cells, as well as cytokine production in TIME. Additionally, SCFAs can alter epigenetic modification of CD8+ T cells by inhibiting HDACs to participate in the immune response process. In gastrointestinal tumors, the abundance of SCFAs and their producing bacteria is significantly reduced. Direct supplementation of dietary fiber and probiotics, or fecal microbiota transplantation to change the structure of gut microbiota can both increase the level of SCFAs and inhibit tumor development. The mechanism by which SCFAs modulate the progression of gastrointestinal tumors has been elucidated in this review, aiming to provide prospects for the development of novel immunotherapeutic strategies.

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“…The extraction and measurement of DNA and organic acids from fecal samples were performed as previously described (20). Briefly, the samples were lyophilized using a VD-800R lyophilizer (TAITEC Corp., Saitama, Japan) for at least 24 h. The lyophilized stool samples were then separated for DNA and metabolite extraction.…”

Section: Gut Microbiome Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of urolithin A on the improvement of vascular endothelial function depends on the gut microbiota

Nishimoto¹,

Fujisawa

Ukawa

et al. 2023

Front. Nutr.

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BackgroundUrolithin A (UA) is a metabolite produced by gut microbiota from ingested ellagic acid. Although the effect of ellagic acid intake on vascular endothelial function (VEF) improvement has been reported, the effect of UA intake on VEF improvement remains obscure. In addition, UA has been reported to improve the intestinal barrier function, and UA may have improved VEF by gut microbiome alteration.ObjectiveIn this study, we conducted a clinical trial to explore and analyze the effects of UA intake on vascular endothelial function (VEF) and characteristics of the intestinal environment, such as gut microbiome profiling and organic acid composition.MethodsA placebo-controlled, randomized, double-blinded, parallel group trial was conducted on participants who could metabolize small amounts of UA from ellagic acid (non-UA producers) and had relatively poor VEF. VEF was assessed using the flow-mediated vasodilatation (FMD) score. Participants were administered placebo, UA 10 mg/day, or UA 50 mg/day for 12 weeks. FMD was measured and fecal samples were collected at 0, 4, 8, and 12 weeks of treatment. Gut microbiome analysis and organic acid level measurements were performed to evaluate the effects of UA intake on the intestinal environment. This clinical trial is publicly registered at the UMIN-CTR, trial number: UMIN000042014.ResultsThe gut microbiota of the UA 50 mg/day group showed a significant increase in alpha diversity (Faith’s phylogenetic diversity). Four and nine microbial genera were significantly altered in the UA 10 mg/day and UA 50 mg/day groups, respectively (p < 0.05, not corrected). Participants whose FMD scores improved with UA intake had poor baseline FMD values as well as a low Bacillota/Bacteroidota ratio.ConclusionUrolithin A intake alters the gut microbiota and improves their alpha diversity. In addition, the effect of UA on VEF correlated with the individual gut microbiota. Our results have practical implications for a new approach to providing healthcare that focuses on intestinal environment-based diet therapy.

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Changes in intestinal bacteria and imbalances of metabolites induced in the intestines of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma patients in a Japanese population: a preliminary result

Cited by 16 publications

References 31 publications

Quantitative evaluation of gut microbiota composition in pancreatic cancer: A pooled study

Quantitative evaluation of gut microbiota composition in pancreatic cancer: A pooled study

Gut microbiota-derived short-chain fatty acids regulate gastrointestinal tumor immunity: a novel therapeutic strategy?

Effect of urolithin A on the improvement of vascular endothelial function depends on the gut microbiota

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