Changes in immunohistochemical staining in prostatic adenocarcinoma following diethylstilbestrol therapy

Grignon, David J.; Troster, Michael

doi:10.1002/pros.2990070209

Cited by 36 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…It might be speculated that, as prostate tumors become less differentiated, the gene coding for PSP is somehow suppressed. A decreased expression of other prostate tumor markers, such as PAP and PSA, has been observed as the tumor becomes less differentiated (Epstein and Eggleston, 1984), as has reduced tumor marker expression following hormone treatment (Grignon and Troster, 1985). Abrahamsson et al (1988) reported that PAP, PSA and PSP all showed greater staining variability in the moderately and poorly-differentiated tumors when compared to well-differentiated tumors, and that almost identical distribution of PSA and PSP was found in the moderately to poorly-differentiated prostate carcinomas.…”

Section: Lrnrnunoperoxidase Stainingmentioning

confidence: 96%

Generation and characterization of monoclonal antibodies to prostate secretory protein

Wright

Huang

Lipford

et al. 1990

Intl Journal of Cancer

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Monoclonal antibodies (MAbs) were produced against a highly purified preparation of prostate secretory protein (PSP) isolated from normal seminal plasma. Fifteen antibodies were selected for further evaluation based on their strong reactivity and specificity for PSP. All the MAbs had a specificity for prostate epithelial cells and none reacted to any of a variety of normal tissues as determined by immunoperoxidase staining. Six of the MAbs were selected for further immunohistochemical evaluation based on their ability to recognize different antigenic determinants. Using competitive binding immunoassays, a variety of overlapping specificities were observed with at least 2 distinct epitopes identified. Although some staining variability was noted, the 6 antibodies, in general, gave the same pattern of tissue reactivity. Both the normal prostate and the benign prostate hyperplastic ductal epithelial cells stained intensely, with 78 to 100% and 50-100% of the cells staining, respectively. The number and often the staining intensity of the tumor cells decreased as the tumor became more undifferentiated. Approximately 40 to 100% and 15 to 70% of the tumor cells stained in the moderately-differentiated and well-differentiated carcinoma tissues, respectively, whereas either no staining was observed or less than 20% of the tumor cells stained in the poorly-differentiated and undifferentiated tumors. Most of the metastatic prostate tumors showed either no staining or scattered staining in a few cells (i.e., less than 20%).

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Section: Lrnrnunoperoxidase Stainingmentioning

confidence: 96%

Generation and characterization of monoclonal antibodies to prostate secretory protein

Wright

Huang

Lipford

et al. 1990

Intl Journal of Cancer

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“…The early studies on the effects of androgen deprivation on prostate tissue led to the ground‐breaking discovery of Huggins and Hodges 19,20 of the androgen‐dependent nature of prostate cancer. Oestrogen treatment leads to prominent squamous metaplasia of benign prostate glands and a reduction in the number and size of prostatic adenocarcinoma cells 21,22 . Prominent nuclear pyknosis is seen, and cytoplasmic vacuolation with ballooning and signet ring cells is commonly noted.…”

Section: Hormone Therapymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Oestrogen treatment leads to prominent squamous metaplasia of benign prostate glands and a reduction in the number and size of prostatic adenocarcinoma cells. 21,22 Prominent nuclear pyknosis is seen, and cytoplasmic vacuolation with ballooning and signet ring cells is commonly noted. Cell rupture may be identified, and the stroma is often pale-staining and may be vacuolated or fibrotic.…”

Section: Hormone Therapymentioning

confidence: 99%

Therapy‐associated effects in the prostate gland

2011

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Diverse therapies are used to treat both benign prostatic hyperplasia and adenocarcinoma. Transurethral resection, a common surgical procedure, may give rise to characteristic necrobiotic granulomas that manifest in subsequent pathology samples. Radiation and hormone therapy have traditionally been used in prostatic adenocarcinoma. Morphological effects are often identified in needle biopsy specimens, transurethral resectates, and radical prostatectomy specimens. A range of histological changes are noted in the non-neoplastic prostate tissue, as well as in the pre-neoplastic and carcinomatous areas. Other ablative therapies, such as cryotherapy, and emerging focal therapies, including high-intensity focused ultrasound, photodynamic therapy, and interstitial laser thermotherapy, may have morphological effects on prostate tissue. It is important for the pathologist to be aware of the spectrum of histological changes affecting the prostate gland post-therapy. The treatment effects may obscure residual carcinoma, and make measurements of tumour extent and stage difficult. Furthermore, some therapies can profoundly alter the neoplastic glands to such an extent that Gleason scoring is no longer valid. As new therapies are developed for prostate cancer, it is important to document their effects on benign and malignant prostate tissue and to understand possible implications for traditional prognostic factors, especially Gleason grade.

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“…The top three genes, KLK3 (PSA), MSMB (beta-microseminoprotein), and TMEPAI (transmembrane prostate androgen-induced protein) were all previously well known to be regulated by androgens in human prostate [31], [32], [33]. Several other genes identified as up-regulated in human TZ xenografts by testosterone have also been previously shown to be regulated by androgens.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 96%

Androgen Regulated Genes in Human Prostate Xenografts in Mice: Relation to BPH and Prostate Cancer

et al. 2009

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Benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) and prostate carcinoma (CaP) are linked to aging and the presence of androgens, suggesting that androgen regulated genes play a major role in these common diseases. Androgen regulation of prostate growth and development depends on the presence of intact epithelial-stromal interactions. Further, the prostatic stroma is implicated in BPH. This suggests that epithelial cell lines are inadequate to identify androgen regulated genes that could contribute to BPH and CaP and which could serve as potential clinical biomarkers. In this study, we used a human prostate xenograft model to define a profile of genes regulated in vivo by androgens, with an emphasis on identifying candidate biomarkers. Benign transition zone (TZ) human prostate tissue from radical prostatectomies was grafted to the sub-renal capsule site of intact or castrated male immunodeficient mice, followed by the removal or addition of androgens, respectively. Microarray analysis of RNA from these tissues was used to identify genes that were; 1) highly expressed in prostate, 2) had significant expression changes in response to androgens, and, 3) encode extracellular proteins. A total of 95 genes meeting these criteria were selected for analysis and validation of expression in patient prostate tissues using quantitative real-time PCR. Expression levels of these genes were measured in pooled RNAs from human prostate tissues with varying severity of BPH pathologic changes and CaP of varying Gleason score. A number of androgen regulated genes were identified. Additionally, a subset of these genes were over-expressed in RNA from clinical BPH tissues, and the levels of many were found to correlate with disease status. Our results demonstrate the feasibility, and some of the problems, of using a mouse xenograft model to characterize the androgen regulated expression profiles of intact human prostate tissues.

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Changes in immunohistochemical staining in prostatic adenocarcinoma following diethylstilbestrol therapy

Cited by 36 publications

References 24 publications

Generation and characterization of monoclonal antibodies to prostate secretory protein

Generation and characterization of monoclonal antibodies to prostate secretory protein

Therapy‐associated effects in the prostate gland

Androgen Regulated Genes in Human Prostate Xenografts in Mice: Relation to BPH and Prostate Cancer

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