Changes in Human Nasal Mucosa during Experimental Coronavirus Common Colds

Bende, Mats; Barrow, I.; Heptonstall, J; Higgins, P. G.; Al‐Nakib, W.; Tyrrell, D. A. J.; Åkerlund, Anders

doi:10.3109/00016488909127507

Cited by 47 publications

(43 citation statements)

References 11 publications

(2 reference statements)

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“…It appears that infection with active virus is required for epithelial damage to occur. BENDE et al [7] made physiological measurements on 24 adult volunteers inoculated with HCoV, of whom 13 developed clinical symptoms, eight had no overt clinical symptoms but viral shedding occurred, and three were not infected. Nasal airway resistance and the temperature of the nasal mucosa increased in those with and without symptoms, suggesting underlying inflammation in both groups.…”

Section: The Effect Of Coronavirus On Human Ciliamentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The inoculum consisted of aliquots of 1 mL of HCoV 229E suspension (200 50% tissue culture infective doses (TCID50) per mL) which were stored at -70uC. Eleven subjects (nine males and two females) were inoculated with active virus as previously described [7]. Briefly, with the volunteer9s head extended to 45u, 0.5 mL of virus was instilled into each nostril.…”

Section: Human Coronavirus Inoculationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Although some infected volunteers suffer nasal congestion and discharge, an equal number of infected subjects have no definite symptoms. The reasons for this are still unclear [7].…”

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confidence: 99%

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The effects of coronavirus on human nasal ciliated respiratory epithelium

Chilvers¹,

McKean²,

Rutman³

et al. 2001

European Respiratory Journal

169

145

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The effects of coronavirus on human nasal ciliated respiratory epithelium. M.A. Chilvers, M. McKean, A. Rutman, B.S. Myint, M. Silverman, C. O9Callaghan. #ERS Journals Ltd 2001. ABSTRACT: Human coronavirus (HCoV) accounts for 15-30% of common colds, but only one case report has described the effect of a coronavirus infection, that was asymptomatic, on human respiratory epithelium.The authors examined the effects of infection with HCoV on ciliary structure and function in healthy volunteers infected by intranasal inoculation with HCoV 229E. A further four volunteers were sham infected with ultraviolet-inactivated virus. Immediately before inoculation (day 0) and 3 days later (day 3), ciliated epithelium was obtained by brushing the inferior nasal turbinate. Ciliary beat frequency was determined and beat pattern analysed for evidence of dyskinesia (0=normal, 3=severely dyskinetic) using digital high-speed video photography. Ciliary ultrastructure was examined by transmission electron microscopy. Symptom diaries were kept for the duration of the study.All subjects inoculated with HCoV, including the three who did not develop symptoms of an upper respiratory tract infection, had disruption of their respiratory epithelium on day 3. Although there was no difference in the mean ciliary beat frequency between day 0 (11.3 Hz (95% confidence interval (CI): 8.6-14.0) and day 3 (9.4 Hz (95% CI 7.2-11.6)), there was a significant increase (pv0.05) in the ciliary dyskinesia score between day 0 (0.2 (95% CI 0-0.5)) and day 3 (1.1 (95% CI 0.5-1.7). In sham-infected subjects, no differences in epithelial integrity, or ciliary structure and function were found between day 0 and day 3.Inoculation of healthy volunteers with human coronavirus caused disruption of the ciliated epithelium and ciliary dyskinesia. This is likely to impair mucociliary clearance. Damage to the respiratory epithelium, due to human coronavirus infection, may occur without overt clinical symptoms. Eur Respir J 2001; 18: 965-970.

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Section: The Effect Of Coronavirus On Human Ciliamentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Human Coronavirus Inoculationmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The effects of coronavirus on human nasal ciliated respiratory epithelium

Chilvers¹,

McKean²,

Rutman³

et al. 2001

European Respiratory Journal

169

145

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…This asymmetry of nasal airflow is not fixed, as the dominant airflow alternates from one nasal passage to the other over a period of several hours [1][2][3]. The asymmetry in nasal airflow is exaggerated with nasal infection and one nasal passage may become completely obstructed whilst the other remains patent [4,5]. The spontaneous reciprocal changes in nasal airway resistance are often described as the "nasal cycle".…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Recent studies on the generation of nasal plasma exudate as a first line of respiratory defence by PERSSON and co-workers [10][11][12][13], together with some elegant anatomical studies on the structure of nasal blood vessels by GREVERS and co-workers [14][15][16][17][18][19][20], and reports that the amplitude of the nasal cycle is increased during nasal infection [4,5], have provided new knowledge, which may help explain the functional basis of the nasal cycle.…”

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confidence: 99%

A role for the nasal cycle in respiratory defence

Eccles¹

1996

Eur Respir J

106

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This review describes the phenomenon of the nasal cycle, which consists of periodic congestion and decongestion of the nasal venous sinusoids.The hypothesis is put forward that the nasal venous sinusoids participate in respiratory defence by generation of plasma exudate. This hypothesis is based on recent studies, which have shown that the nasal venous sinusoids have a fenestrated endothelium and that the nasal cycle is increased during periods of nasal infection; and also on a series of older observations in the literature, which link the generation of nasal fluid to the decongestion of nasal venous sinusoids.It is proposed that the periodic congestion and decongestion of nasal venous sinusoids may provide a pump mechanism for the generation of plasma exudate, and that this mechanism is an important component of respiratory defence.

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Correlation of Nasal Mucosal Temperature With Subjective Nasal Patency in Healthy Individuals

Bailey

Casey

Pawar

et al. 2017

JAMA Facial Plast Surg

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Importance-Historically, otolaryngologists have focused on nasal resistance to airflow and minimum airspace cross-sectional area as objective measures of nasal obstruction using methods such as rhinomanometry and acoustic rhinometry. However, subjective sensation of nasal patency may be more associated with activation of cold receptors by inspired air than with respiratory effort.Objective-To investigate whether subjective nasal patency correlates with nasal mucosal temperature in healthy subjects.Design, Setting, and Participants-Twenty-two healthy adults were recruited for this study. Subjects first completed the Nasal Obstruction Symptom Evaluation (NOSE) and a unilateral visual analog scale (VAS) to quantify subjective nasal patency. A miniaturized thermocouple sensor was then used to record nasal mucosal temperature bilaterally in two locations along the nasal septum: at the vestibule and across from the inferior turbinate head.Results-The range of temperature oscillations during the breathing cycle, defined as the difference between end-expiratory and end-inspiratory temperatures, was greater during deep breaths (ΔT exp-insp = 6.2 ± 2.6°C) than during resting breathing (ΔT exp-insp = 4.2 ± 2.3°C) in both locations (p < 10 −13 ). Mucosal temperature measured at the right vestibule had a statistically significant correlation with both right-side VAS score (Pearson r = −0.55, p=0.0076) and NOSE

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Changes in Human Nasal Mucosa during Experimental Coronavirus Common Colds

Cited by 47 publications

References 11 publications

The effects of coronavirus on human nasal ciliated respiratory epithelium

The effects of coronavirus on human nasal ciliated respiratory epithelium

A role for the nasal cycle in respiratory defence

Correlation of Nasal Mucosal Temperature With Subjective Nasal Patency in Healthy Individuals

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