Changes in hip fracture rates in southeastern Australia spanning the period 1994–2007

Abstract

Hip fracture incidence rates appear to be declining in Western populations. Utilizing comprehensive incident hip fracture data from radiology reports, we determined changes in hip fracture rates in southeastern Australia between 1994-1996 and 2006-2007 for residents aged 55 years or older. During this period, the population at risk increased by 47% for men and 40% for women. Although the absolute number of hip fractures increased by 53% in men and 4.4% in women, standardized hip fracture ratios were 0.92 [95% confidence interval (CI) 0.79-1.08] and 0.69 (95% CI 0.62-0.77), respectively. Marked reductions in hip fracture rates were observed for women: 32% for ages 75 to 84 years and 29% for ages 85 years or older. Data from the Geelong Osteoporosis Study were used to identify changes in body composition and lifestyle that might have influenced hip fracture risk in women during this period.

Hip Fracture After Stroke in the Elderly: Trends in the Beginning of the 21st Century and Projections into the Future in Australia

“…The incidence rates of post-stroke HF decreased in total by 17.9% (in females by 18.8%, in males by 15.8%). Our data on declining HF incidence rates and a greater decrease in age-standardized HF incidence among females compared with males are comparable to those reported in other Australian states 25,26,28,29,84 and New Zealand, 85 as well as in many developed countries, 10,14,86-97 although a levelling off or even an increase was observed in other countries, 15,88,[98][99][100][101][102][103][104][105] especially in the oldest. 106,107 A sex-specific difference in HF incidence trends (decrease in women but not in men) was observed in some studies.…”

“…[16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24] In the last decade in different Australian states and territories, the age-standardized osteoporotic HF incidence rates decreased, although the absolute number of HF cases has continued to rise. [25][26][27][28][29] For stroke, there was an annual reduction of 4.0% in mortality rate, 30 patients with first-ever and recurrent strokes were included in the primary database, only the first event was included in the final analysis. Patients aged 60 years were excluded in the present study.…”

Prospective randomized controlled trial comparing dynamic hip screw and screw fixation for undisplaced subcapital hip fractures

“…It is estimated that 16 500 Australians over 40 years old had a hip fracture in 2006–2007 . In the Greater Geelong region over 2006–2007, there were 486 hip fractures, giving an incidence of 2.33 per 1000 person‐years for men and 4.36 per 1000 person‐years for women . Women make up 68% of hip fractures, but this increases as they age .…”

“…In the Greater Geelong region over 2006–2007, there were 486 hip fractures, giving an incidence of 2.33 per 1000 person‐years for men and 4.36 per 1000 person‐years for women . Women make up 68% of hip fractures, but this increases as they age . Care of a hip fracture patient is estimated at 0.9% of our total health expenditure …”

“…This helps guide treatment and prognosis, as displaced fractures have a high likelihood of disrupting the retinacular vessels, crucial for vascular supply of the femoral head . Rates of up to 30% of avascular necrosis (AVN) or non‐union occur if displaced subcapital NOFFs are treated with internal fixation . Thus, these are commonly treated by hemiarthroplasty or total hip arthroplasty (THA) …”