Changes in hematological parameters of Rana frogs in a transformed urban environment

Hematologic and plasma biochemical reference intervals for health monitoring of wild Australian tree frogs

“…Establishing reference intervals in reptiles and amphibians is complicated by difficulties associated with specimen collection and variations in analytes related to age, sex, nutritional status, health status, temperature, season, handling, and analytical methods . Several biochemical analytes, including plasma protein, sodium, calcium, glucose, and uric acid concentrations, have been reported to vary widely depending on intrinsic and extrinsic factors .…”

“…There have been fewer studies on factors affecting specific amphibian hematologic values . Environmental temperature can affect PCV, hemoglobin (Hgb) concentration, and RBC count in reptiles and amphibians .…”

Copper toxicity for Scinax ruber and Rhinella granulosa (Amphibia: Anura) of the Amazon: Potential of Biotic Ligand Model to predict toxicity in urban streams

“…Green frogs exposed to the influence of urbanization and pollution manifested shifts in the balance of immunocompetent cell subpopulations and changes in white blood count (WBC), reflecting the responses of amphibians to heavy pollution of their environment (Romanova and Egorikhina 2006). Other amphibian species, as the populations of Pelophylax ridibundus inhabiting polluted ponds, present changes hematological parameters reflecting their adaptive responses to the environmental factors as reported by (Zhelev et al 2013).…”

“…Other amphibian species, as the populations of Pelophylax ridibundus inhabiting polluted ponds, present changes hematological parameters reflecting their adaptive responses to the environmental factors as reported by (Zhelev et al 2013). In general, these variations reflect physiological reactions to the presence of toxicants in the environment and together with physicochemical characteristics of water can be used as environmental indicators of pollution of water basins (Romanova and Egorikhina 2006;Zhelev et al 2012;Zhelev et al 2013). Increasingly amphibians and their biological characteristics have been used as sentinel organisms for environmental changes.…”

Evolution of erythrocyte morphology in amphibians (Amphibia: Anura)

“…The morphological traits of erythrocytes were different between toads and frogs and this difference may be attributed to the following three reasons. First, the different habitats of toads and frogs may affect the variability of erythrocyte morphology (ROMANOVA & EGORIKHINA 2006). Toads mainly inhabit terrestrial environments, whereas frogs inhabit semi-aquatic or aquatic environments (GÜL et al 2011).…”