Changes in HBsAg carrier rate in Goto Islands, Nagasaki Prefecture, Japan

Matsuo, Ayaka; Kusumoto, Yukio; Ohtsuka, Eiichi; Ohtsuru, Akira; Nakamura, Yoshitomo; Tajima, Heiichiro; Shima, Masayoshi; Nakata, Keisuke; Muro, Toyokichi; Satoh, Akira; Nagataki, Shigenobu; Ishii, Nobuko; Kohji, Toshihiko

doi:10.1016/0140-6736(90)91011-x

Cited by 34 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…In Japan, vertical transmission of genotype C HBV used to be the major source of chronic HBV carriers [Matsuo et al, 1990]. However, extensive interventional efforts to prevent HBV infection related to pregnancy and delivery were made.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Predominance of genotype A HBV in an HBV‐HIV‐1 dually positive population compared with an HIV‐1–negative counterpart in Japan

Koibuchi

Hitani

Nakamura

et al. 2001

Journal of Medical Virology

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Hepatitis B virus (HBV) has seven genotypes, A to G. Previous studies have shown that genotype C is the most prevalent strain in chronic HBV carriers in East Asia. This study was undertaken to investigate the epidemiology of HBV genotypes among Japanese patients who are coinfected with human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1). The sequences of the complete hepatitis B surface antifen (HBsAg) genes were obtained from 18 coinfected Japanese patients. Among the 18 patients, 12 of 13 men who had sex with men (MSM) had genotype A (92%), whereas only one of five heterosexual or hemophiliac patients had genotype A. The predominance of genotype A HBV in MSM showed a striking contrast to the current genotype prevalence in the Japanese population. Owing to the recent decrease in the rate of vertical transmission in Japan, the role of sexual behavior in the transmission of HBV cannot be overestimated. Thus, the relative proportion of genotype A may gradually increase in Japan.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Predominance of genotype A HBV in an HBV‐HIV‐1 dually positive population compared with an HIV‐1–negative counterpart in Japan

Koibuchi

Hitani

Nakamura

et al. 2001

Journal of Medical Virology

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“…This percentage is comparable to other epidemiological studies showing the decreasing trend of the prevalence of HBsAg carriers in our country. 8 A multivariate statistical analysis revealed that HBsAg positivity was positively associated with carotid artery plaque with an odds ratio of 1.57 (95% CI, 1.10 to 2.24, PϽ0.05). This relationship was independent of other confounding risk factors for atherosclerosis.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Increased Prevalence of Carotid Atherosclerosis in Hepatitis B Virus Carriers

et al. 2002

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Background-Recent experimental and epidemiological findings suggest that some infectious agents play a role in the development and promotion of atherosclerosis. We have investigated the possible association between hepatitis B virus surface antigen (HBsAg) positivity and carotid arteriosclerosis. Methods and Results-In this cross-sectional cohort study, we analyzed data from subjects undergoing general health-screening tests, including both high-resolution B-mode carotid ultrasound and assessment of HBsAg status, between 1994 and 2001 at our institute. Of the 4686 study subjects (3137 men and 1549 women; age 22 to 88 years), 1294 (28%) had carotid artery plaque and 40 (0.9%) were positive for HBsAg, indicating they were hepatitis B virus carriers. No HBsAg-positive subjects were positive either for antibodies against the hepatitis C virus (HCV) or for HCV core proteins. Univariate analysis revealed HBsAg positivity was associated with carotid plaque with an odds ratio of 1.58 (95% CI, 1.14 to 2.19, PϽ0.05). When other confounding risk factors for atherosclerosis were included as covariates in the statistical analysis, HBsAg positivity was still positively associated with carotid plaque with an odds ratio of 1.57 (95% CI, 1.10 to 2.24, PϽ0.05). Conclusions-These findings suggest a possible role of chronic hepatitis B infection in the pathogenesis of carotid arteriosclerosis.

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“…We previously demonstrated that the positivity rate for HBsAg in the inhabitants was approximately 5%, and that the rate for inhabitants born during 1946-1950 was more than 10%, followed by a decreasing trend, with the rate being only 0.6% in those born during 1971-1975, mainly due to a reduction in the occurrence of horizontal transmission of HBV in infancy. 13 Further, recent annual surveys revealed a marked reduction in the prevalence of HBV carriage, which was partly responsible for the decrease in the HBsAg carrier rate in relatively younger inhabitants. 13 Although many studies of HBV carriers have been done, the course of chronic HBV infection is not well understood.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…13 Further, recent annual surveys revealed a marked reduction in the prevalence of HBV carriage, which was partly responsible for the decrease in the HBsAg carrier rate in relatively younger inhabitants. 13 Although many studies of HBV carriers have been done, the course of chronic HBV infection is not well understood. The aim of the present study was to clarify the natural course of HBsAg carriers in this area on the basis of a long-term follow-up study.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Spontaneous loss of hepatitis B surface antigen in chronic carriers, based on a long-term follow-up study in Goto Islands, Japan

Kato

Nakao

Hamasaki

et al. 2000

Journal of Gastroenterology

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Annual mass examination was performed between 1972 and 1997 in Tomie-town, Goto Islands, Japan, where hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection is very prevalent. In the present study, the incidence of spontaneous loss of hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) in HBsAg carriers was determined in this area. Three thousand and nineteen inhabitants were tested for HBsAg two or more times in our annual surveys. Among them, 131 (4.3%) were defined as chronic HBsAg carriers based on the persistence of HBsAg for 1 or more years. These 131 subjects were followed for 12.2 +/- 7.6 years. During the follow-up period, spontaneous loss of HBsAg occurred in 38 (29%) of the 131 carriers, with a yearly incidence of 2.5%. This loss was seen more frequently in carriers aged 40 years or more on enrollment than in those aged less than 40 years during the same observation periods (P = 0.0141), irrespective of sex or the results of liver function tests. The values for liver function test results were similar before and after loss of HBsAg in these carriers. Stored serum samples were available for later analysis of HBV-DNA by polymerase chain reaction in 32 carriers with loss of HBsAg. The HBV-DNA sequence was detected in 26 (81%) and 2 of the 32 carriers (6%) before and after loss of HBsAg, respectively. These results indicate that spontaneous loss of HBsAg, largely attributable to clearance of viremia, occurs age-dependently in chronic carriers.

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Changes in HBsAg carrier rate in Goto Islands, Nagasaki Prefecture, Japan

Cited by 34 publications

References 9 publications

Predominance of genotype A HBV in an HBV‐HIV‐1 dually positive population compared with an HIV‐1–negative counterpart in Japan

Predominance of genotype A HBV in an HBV‐HIV‐1 dually positive population compared with an HIV‐1–negative counterpart in Japan

Increased Prevalence of Carotid Atherosclerosis in Hepatitis B Virus Carriers

Spontaneous loss of hepatitis B surface antigen in chronic carriers, based on a long-term follow-up study in Goto Islands, Japan

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