Changes in growth, blood immune parameters and expression of immune related genes in rainbow trout ( Oncorhynchus mykiss ) in response to diet supplemented with Ducrosia anethifolia essential oil

Administration of Different Derivatives of Oliveria decumbens Improves Innate Immunity of Nile Tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) Without Affecting Fish Growth and Blood Biochemical Parameters

“…Also, in our previous study, the essential oil of Ducrosia anethifolia did not affect the amount of albumin in rainbow trout received three doses of 0.001, 0.01 and 0.1% (Vazirzadeh et al, 2017). Globulins are important proteins that play an essential role in the innate immune response against stress and infection (Talpur and Ikhwanuddin, 2012;Vazirzadeh et al, 2017). It also leads to a stronger immune response in fish (Binaii et al, 2014) and is essential for the stability of the immune system (Kumar et al, 2013).…”

“…Also, common nettle Urtica dioica urtica powder at doses of 3, 6 and 12% did not alter the serum albumin levels in beluga sturgeon (Huso huso) after 8 weeks (Binaii et al, 2014). Also, in our previous study, the essential oil of Ducrosia anethifolia did not affect the amount of albumin in rainbow trout received three doses of 0.001, 0.01 and 0.1% (Vazirzadeh et al, 2017). Globulins are important proteins that play an essential role in the innate immune response against stress and infection (Talpur and Ikhwanuddin, 2012;Vazirzadeh et al, 2017).…”

“…Supplemented feeds were prepared according to Vazirzadeh et al (2017). In order to prepare the experimental diets containing essential oil, the amount of feed per week was calculated for all treatments based on 3% body weight daily feeding.…”

Much More Than a Pleasant Scent: A Review on Essential Oils Supporting the Immune System

“…Carum copticum (bishop's weed) seeds EO compounds: α-pinene and carvacrol [34] Eucalyptus globulus (eucalyptus) [23,24] Eugenia caryophyllata [35] Massoia aromatica bark EO and massoialactone [36,37] Melaleuca viridiflora (niaouli) [38] orange EO, and its components: Limonene, linalool, and citral [39] Panax ginseng (ginseng) [40] Salvia officinalis (sage) [41] Syzygium aromaticum (clove) [41] Zanthoxylum rhoifolium [42] Zingiber officinale (ginger) [41] Dietary Supplementation for Livestock and Fish a blend of thyme (Thymus vulgaris), peppermint (Mentha piperita), and eucalyptus (Eucalyptus globulus) [43] a blend of thymol and carvacrol [44] a blend of thymol and cinnamaldehyde [45][46][47][48] Allium sativum (garlic) [49] Ducrosia anethifolia [50] Eucalyptus globulus (eucalyptus) [51] Juniperus communis (juniper) [49] Ocimum americanum (American basil) [52] Origanum onites [53] Origanum vulgare (oregano) [54] Satureja hortensis (savoury) [55] Thymus vulgaris (thyme) [56] Human Studies a blend of lavender (Lavandula angustifolia), cypress (Cupressus sempervirens), and sweet marjoram (Origanum majorana) [57] a blend of orange sweet (Citrus sinensis), true lavender, and marjoram sweet (Origanum majorana) [58] a blend of sweet orange (Citrus aurantium), lavender (Lavandula angustifolia), and sandalwood (Santalum album) [59] Chamaecyparis obtusa (hinoki cypress) [60] Citrus fragrance (lemon oil+orange oil+bergamot oil+cis-4-hexenol) [61] ginger EO [62] grapefruit, fennel, pepper, lavender, patchouli, and rose [63] La...…”

“…American basil (Ocimum americanum) as a feed additive increased hemolytic activity of the complement system of red drum (Sciaenops ocellatus) [52]. Ducrosia anethifolia EO dietary supplementation with different levels and durations led to higher white blood cell counts, macrophage activity (respiratory burst activity), and IL-1β and TNFα gene expression levels in kidney and spleen in rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) [50].…”