Changes in Growth and Activity of Enzymes Involved in Nitrate Reduction and Ammonium Assimilation in Tomato Seedlings in Response to NaCl Stress

Debouba, Mohamed; Maâroufi-Dghimi, Houda; Suzuki, Akira; Ghorbel, Mohamed Habib; Gouia, Houda

doi:10.1093/aob/mcm050

Cited by 125 publications

(90 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…However, the induced glutathione metabolism provides compensatory glutamate by the catalysis of glutathione S-transferase ( Figure 3; Table S8 in Supporting Information). It has been reported that nitrogen metabolism was affected by some stressed conditions in other organisms [48,49] although the mechanism is not clear. In this study, the expression changes of genes involved in nitrogen metabolism were likely the results of feedback inhibition of induced glutathione metabolism because the latter were known to play an important role under drought stress.…”

Section: 3mentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparative transcriptome analysis of the lichen-forming fungus Endocarpon pusillum elucidates its drought adaptation mechanisms

Wang

Zhang

Zhou

et al. 2014

Sci. China Life Sci.

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The lichen-forming fungus was isolated from the desert lichen Endocarpon pusillum that is extremely drought resistant. To understand the molecular mechanisms of drought resistance in the fungus, we employed RNA-seq and quantitative real-time PCR to compare and characterize the differentially expressed genes in pure culture at two different water levels and with that in desiccated lichen. The comparative transcriptome analysis indicated that a total of 1781 genes were differentially expressed between samples cultured under normal and PEG-induced drought stress conditions. Similar to those in drought resistance plants and non-lichenized fungi, the common drought-resistant mechanisms were differentially expressed in E. pusillum. However, the expression change of genes involved in osmotic regulation in E. pusillum is different, which might be the evidence for the feature of drought adaptation. Interestingly, different from other organisms, some genes involved in drought adaption mechanisms showed significantly different expression patterns between the presence and absence of drought stress in E. pusillum. The expression of 23 candidate stress responsive genes was further confirmed by quantitative real-time PCR using dehydrated E. pusillum lichen thalli. This study provides a valuable resource for future research on lichen-forming fungi and shall facilitate future functional studies of the specific genes related to drought resistance. lichen, mycobiont, dehydration, drought adaption, drought resistant Citation:Wang YY, Zhang XY, Zhou QM, Zhang XL, Wei JC. Comparative transcriptome analysis of the lichen-forming fungus Endocarpon pusillum elucidates its drought adaptation mechanisms.

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Section: 3mentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparative transcriptome analysis of the lichen-forming fungus Endocarpon pusillum elucidates its drought adaptation mechanisms

Wang

Zhang

Zhou

et al. 2014

Sci. China Life Sci.

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“…This may result from the salt-induced increase in glutamine synthetase and glutamate dehydrogenase activities in tomato roots (Debouba et al, 2006). Despite the salt induction of in vitro glutamate dehydrogenase activity in tomato, its physiological signifi-cance is not proved (Debouba et al, 2007). These changes entailed the disturbances in the aminoacids deriving through transamination from Glu and Gln (Asp, Asn, Pro).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Indeed, expression of HAS1 and HAS1.1 genes encoding for asparagine synthetase was induced by osmotic stress (300 mM mannitol), salt stress (150 mM NaCl), and heavy-metal stress (20 μM CuSO 4 ), more in roots than in leaves of sunflower (Herrera-Rodríguez et al, 2007). Asparagine accumulation seems to play an important role in nitrogen transport from leaves to roots, contributing to ammonium detoxification and nitrogen storage when protein synthesis is inhibited by salt stress (Debouba et al, 2007).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Chloride was quantified by a colorimetric method (Debouba et al, 2007) using a digital chloridometer (HaakeBuchler, Buchler instruments Inc, New Jersey USA). Ammonium concentration was determined according to the reaction of Berthelot modified by Weatherburn (1967).…”

Section: Metabolites Extraction and Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In previous work (Debouba et al, 2007), we showed that, during salt stress, biosynthesis pathways of key aminoacids (glutamate and glutamine) were differently modified in leaves and roots of tomato plants. These results suggest that biosynthesis of aminoacids and nitrogen compounds deriving from glutamate and glutamine (proline, aspastate, asparagine) are disturbed by salt stress.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 96%

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Aminoacid changes in leaves and roots of tomato(Solanum lycopersicum)during salt stress

Debouba¹,

Suzuki

Boutet

et al. 2010

Acta Botanica Gallica

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Abstract.-Tomato seedlings were exposed to 100 mM NaCl during 10 days. NaCl stress led to about 40% and 20% decrease in leaf and root biomass, respectively. Accumulation of Na + and Cl -ions was concomitant with NH 4 + contents increase in stressed leaves and roots. While total aminoacids contents rapidly increased by salt in both organs, they recovered control value in the leaves at the end of treatment. In leaves, NaCl stress increased proline and serine contents, lately associated with accumulation of γ-aminobutyric and asparagine. Slat-treated roots showed 2-fold higher contents of serine, glycine, glutamine and GABA. Asparagine became the most abundant aminoacid, accounting for 26% of total aminoacids in the treated roots. These disturbances in the aminoacids composition reflect a new distribution of internal nitrogen compounds, building up an aminoacid pool with high N to C ratio and avoiding thus an ammoniacal intoxication. Proline, Asn and GABA are useful for nitrogen transport to developing tissues and protect against osmotic and oxidative stresses during salt stress.Key words : tomato -salt stress -growth -aminoacids.Résumé.-De jeunes plants de tomate ont été exposés à 100 mM NaCl pendant 10 jours. Le stress salin provoque une diminution d'environ 40% et 20% respectivement de la biomasse foliaire et racinaire. L'accumulation endogène des ions Na + et Cl -est associée à une accélération de la production des ions NH 4 + dans les tissus foliaires et racinaires des plantes stressées. Les teneurs en acides aminés totaux sont augmentées par la salinité dans les racines. Au niveau des feuilles, le stress a provoqué une augmentation rapide des teneurs en proline et en sérine, associée tardivement à une accumulation de l'acide γ-aminobutyrique et de l'asparagine. En même temps, les racines traitées ont montré des teneurs environ 2 fois plus élevées en sérine, en glycine, en glutamine et en GABA relativement aux témoins. Ces perturbations dans la composition en acides aminés reflètent une tendance de la plante à stocker NH 4 + sous forme d'acides aminés afin d'éviter une intoxication ammoniacale. De même, la Pro et le GABA peuvent intervenir dans la lutte contre les stress osmotique et oxydatif associés au stress salin.

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Nitrate reductase, nitrite reductase, glutamine synthetase, and glutamate synthase expression and activity in response to different nitrogen sources in nitrogen‐starved wheat seedlings

Balotf

Kavoosi

Kholdebarin

2015

Biotech and App Biochem

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The objective of this study was to examine the expression and activity of nitrate reductase (NR, EC 1.7.1.1), nitrite reductase (NiR, EC 1.7.2.2), glutamine synthetase (GS, EC 6.3.1.2), and glutamate synthase (GOGAT, EC 1.4.7.1) in response to potassium nitrate, ammonium chloride, and ammonium nitrate in nitrogen-starved wheat seedlings. Plants were grown in standard nutrient solution for 17 days and then subjected to nitrogen starvation for 7 days. The starved plants were supplied with potassium nitrate ammonium nitrate and ammonium chloride (50 mM) for 4 days and the leaves were harvested. The relative expression of NR, NiR, GS, and GOGAT as well as the enzyme activities were investigated. Nitrogen starvation caused a significant decrease both in transcript levels and in NR, NiR, GS, and GOGAT activities. Potassium nitrate and ammonium nitrate treatments restored NR, NiR, GS, and GOGAT expressions and activities. Ammonium chloride increased only the expressions and activities of GS and GOGAT in a dose-dependent manner. The results of our study highlight the differential effects between the type and the amount of nitrogen salts on NR, NiR, GS, and GOGAT activities in wheat seedlings while potassium nitrate being more effective.

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Changes in Growth and Activity of Enzymes Involved in Nitrate Reduction and Ammonium Assimilation in Tomato Seedlings in Response to NaCl Stress

Abstract: NaCl stress effects on growth, metabolite concentrations and enzyme activities depended on the duration of salt treatment and the plant tissue.

Cited by 125 publications

References 20 publications

Comparative transcriptome analysis of the lichen-forming fungus Endocarpon pusillum elucidates its drought adaptation mechanisms

Comparative transcriptome analysis of the lichen-forming fungus Endocarpon pusillum elucidates its drought adaptation mechanisms

Aminoacid changes in leaves and roots of tomato(Solanum lycopersicum)during salt stress

Nitrate reductase, nitrite reductase, glutamine synthetase, and glutamate synthase expression and activity in response to different nitrogen sources in nitrogen‐starved wheat seedlings

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