Changes in gene expression associated with loss of function of the NSDHL sterol dehydrogenase in mouse embryonic fibroblasts

Cunningham, David; Swartzlander, Daniel B.; Liyanarachchi, Sandya; Davuluri, Ramana V.; Herman, Gail E.

doi:10.1194/jlr.m400462-jlr200

Cited by 17 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 56 publications

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“…We also investigated the expression of ABCA1 and LDLR proteins in pre-senescent (passage 6) MEFs obtained from NSDHL-deficient bare patches (Bpa 1H ) mice ( Methods and (Cunningham et al, 2005)). As with cancer cell lines, these Bpa 1H fibroblasts demonstrated high expression of ABCA1 protein (Fig.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…We isolated Bpa 1H/+ NSDHL-null MEFs from GFP-positive NSDHL-expressing cells by flow sorting as described (Cunningham et al, 2005). Cells were propagated in DMEM supplemented with 10% v/v FBS and L-glutamine with 100ug/ml Penicillin/Streptomycin and used at passages 4–6.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…no. 700077) was purchased from Avanti Polar Lipids, Inc.; 22(R)-OH-cholesterol (H9384) and EGF (E9644) were purchased from Sigma; compactin (sc-200853) and 2-Hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin (sc-203461) were purchased from Santa Cruz; fatostatin (#341329) was purchased from Calbiochem (EMD Millipore); LDS was prepared as described in (Cunningham et al, 2005). For Western blot and Immunohistochemistry experiments we used the following antibodies from Abcam: SREBP2 (ab30682), ABCA1 (ab7360), LDLR (ab30531), LXRα (ab41902), LXRβ (ab106473); from Cell Signaling: E-cadherin (#3195P), β-actin (#4967S), α-tubulin (#3873S), HA-tag (#2367S); from Proteintech Group: NSDHL (#15111-2-AP); from Santa Cruz: SREBP1 (sc-13551); from Dako: Ki67 (M7249).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Endogenous Sterol Metabolites Regulate Growth of EGFR/KRAS-Dependent Tumors via LXR

et al. 2015

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Summary Meiosis activating sterols (MAS) are substrates of SC4MOL and NSDHL in the cholesterol pathway and are important for normal organismal development. Oncogenic transformation by EGFR or RAS increases the demand for cholesterol, suggesting a possibility for metabolic interference. To test this idea in vivo, we ablated Nsdhl in adult keratinocytes expressing KRASG12D. Strikingly, Nsdhl inactivation antagonized the growth of skin tumors, while having little effect on normal skin. Loss of Nsdhl induced the expression of ATP-binding cassette (ABC) transporters ABCA1 and ABCG1, reduced the expression of low-density lipoprotein receptor (LDLR), decreased intracellular cholesterol and was dependent on the liver X receptor (LXR) α. Importantly, EGFR signaling opposed LXRα effects on cholesterol homeostasis, while an EGFR inhibitor synergized with LXRα agonists in killing cancer cells. Inhibition of SC4MOL or NSDHL, or activation of LXRα by sterol metabolites can be an effective strategy against carcinomas with activated EGFR-KRAS signaling.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Endogenous Sterol Metabolites Regulate Growth of EGFR/KRAS-Dependent Tumors via LXR

et al. 2015

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“…A recent microarray study using mouse fibroblasts, in which the orthologous alleles of Erg26p (NSDHL sterol dehydrogenase) were deleted, resulted in a 2-fold increase of Orf11 (the mouse ortholog of Erg28p). Among the 22,000 genes screened, the expression of only 4 genes was significantly higher than that of Orf11 (38). Because Erg28p is broadly conserved in fungi, plants, and animals, it may be responsible for the integrity of the ergosterol biosynthetic enzyme complex.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Erg28p is a key protein in the yeast sterol biosynthetic enzyme complex

Bard

2005

Journal of Lipid Research

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Previously, a microarray expression study in the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae indicated that the ERG28 gene was strongly coregulated with ergosterol biosynthesis. Subsequently, Erg28p was shown to function as an endoplasmic reticulum transmembrane protein, acting as a scaffold to tether the C-4 demethylation enzymatic complex and also to interact with a downstream enzyme, Erg6p. To understand all possible protein interactions involving Erg28p in sterol biosynthesis, a yeast two-hybrid system designed to assess interactions between membrane proteins was used. The Erg28p fusion protein was used as bait to assess interactions with all 14 sterol biosynthetic proteins in a pairwise study based on two reporter systems as well as Western blots demonstrating the release of a transcription factor. Our results indicated that Erg28p not only interacted with the C-4 demethylation enzymes and Erg6p but also with

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“…Mice were fed our routine institutional high-fat chow, with no cholesterol (Harlan Teklad Rodent Diet 2919). Bpa 1H and WT mouse embryonic fibroblasts (MEFs) were cultured as previously described [20]. Embryos were genotyped for sex and the Bpa 1H allele by PCR analysis of yolk sac DNA as previously described [21, 22].…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Developmental expression pattern of the cholesterogenic enzyme NSDHL and negative selection of NSDHL-deficient cells in the heterozygous Bpa1H/+ mouse

Cunningham

Spychala

McLarren

et al. 2009

Molecular Genetics and Metabolism

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NSDHL (NAD(P)H sterol dehydrogenase-like), is a 3β-hydroxysterol dehydrogenase thought to function in the demethylation of sterol precursors in one of the later steps of cholesterol biosynthesis. Mutations in the X-linked NSDHL gene cause CHILD syndrome in humans, and the male-lethal bare patches (Bpa) phenotype in mice. The relative level of NSDHL expression among different mouse tissues at several stages of embryogenesis and postnatal development was analyzed by immunohistochemistry. In wild type (WT) embryos, the highest levels of expression were seen in the liver, dorsal root ganglia, central nervous system, retina, adrenal gland and testis. Heterozygous Bpa1H females are mosaic for NSDHL expression due to normal random X inactivation. NSDHL deficient cells were detected in the developing cerebral cortex and retina of Bpa1H female embryos. In postnatal WT and Bpa1H animals, we compared the expression pattern of NSDHL in skin, an affected tissue; liver, a main site of cholesterol synthesis; and brain, a tissue dependent on endogenous synthesis of cholesterol due to lack of transport across the blood-brain barrier. Clonal populations of mutant cells were visible in the brain, skin and liver of Bpa1H pups. In the liver, the proportion of NSDHL negative cells dropped from ~50% at postnatal day 6 to ~20% at one year of age. In the brain, which showed the highest expression in cerebral cortical and hippocampal neurons, the proportion of NSDHL negative cells also dropped dramatically over the first year of life. Our results suggest that while NSDHL deficient cells in the mosaic Bpa1H female are able to survive and differentiate during embryonic development, they are subject to negative selection over the life of the animal.

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Changes in gene expression associated with loss of function of the NSDHL sterol dehydrogenase in mouse embryonic fibroblasts

Cited by 17 publications

References 56 publications

Endogenous Sterol Metabolites Regulate Growth of EGFR/KRAS-Dependent Tumors via LXR

Endogenous Sterol Metabolites Regulate Growth of EGFR/KRAS-Dependent Tumors via LXR

Erg28p is a key protein in the yeast sterol biosynthetic enzyme complex

Developmental expression pattern of the cholesterogenic enzyme NSDHL and negative selection of NSDHL-deficient cells in the heterozygous Bpa1H/+ mouse

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